《跨文化交际UNIT》PPT课件

（Suitableforteachingcoursewareandreports）跨文化交际UNITInterculturalCommunicationUnit10AcquiringInterculturalCompetenceWarmUpPleasereadthestoryonpage334.Canyouguesshowthehusbandtranslatedforhismotherandhiswife?Susan:Mrs.Zhang,cometoNewYorkifyouwant.Husband:妈妈，您可一定要来纽约看看.Mother:不去了，给你们添麻烦。Husband:Oh,itdependsonthephysicalcondition.Susan:Yes,ohthanksforyourdeliciousfood,Ilikethemverymuch.Husband:谢谢妈妈给我们做了那么多的好吃的.Mother:自家人谢什么。苏珊，你以后可不要再瘦身了，身体健康才最重要哪！Husband:It'smypleasure.Susan,Ihopeyoubecomeevenmorebeautiful.Susan:Thankyou!Thesametoyou.Husband:谢谢妈妈，我祝你身体健康.Mother:啊，谢谢，谢谢！ReadingIReadthearticle“ACultureLearningStory”(p335-340).Whatcanyoulearnfromthestory?CulturalIdentityCulturalidentityreferstoone’ssenseofbelongingtoaparticularcultureorethnicgroup.Peopleconsciouslyidentifythemselveswithagroupthathasasharedsystemofsymbolsandmeaningsaswellasnormsforconduct.ReadingIReadthearticle“ACultureLearningStory”(p335-340).Whatcanyoulearnfromthestory?Betweennessofidentity:(p339)Betweennessofidentityisastateofmindthatisdistinctfromthatofatypical,traditionalstandardineithernativelanguage/cultureorsecondlanguage/culture.Itisaresultofthewholerecreationprocessofaperson’sownidentityaftertakingdifferentcharacteristicsfromthesecondlanguageorcultureintotheperson’soriginalidentity.However,thisshouldnotbeconsideredasanincompleteorinferioridentity,eithertonativelanguage/culture,ortosecondlanguage/culture,butasanother,originallycreated,independentone.ReadingIIReadthearticle“ImprovingInterculturalCommunication”(p346-350).Howcanweimproveourcommunicationwithpeopleofothercultures?1)knowyourself(1)Weareproductsofourculture;anawarenessofourculturealongwithexamplesofcontrastingculturescontributesgreatlytoourunderstandingofourselvesasculturalbeing.(2)Identitythoseattitudes,prejudices,andopinionsthatweallcarryaroundandthatbiasthewaytheworldappearstous;detectthewaysinwhichtheseattitudesinfluencecommunication.(3)Learntorecognizeyourcommunicationstyle–themannerinwhichyoupresentyourselftoothers;itinvolvesdiscoveringthekindofimageweportraytotherestoftheworld.ReadingIIReadthearticle“ImprovingInterculturalCommunication”(p346-350).Howcanweimproveourcommunicationwithpeopleofothercultures?2)seektounderstanddifferentlanguages(1)Seekacommonlanguageandattempttounderstandculturaldifferencesinusingthelanguage.(2)Keepinmindthatthereismoretolanguagethanvocabulary,syntax,anddialects.(3)Languageismorethanavehicleofcommunication;itteachesoneaculture’slifestyle,waysofthinking,anddifferentpatternsofinteraction.(4)Therearedifferentstylesof“talk”.ReadingIIReadthearticle“ImprovingInterculturalCommunication”(p346-350).Howcanweimproveourcommunicationwithpeopleofothercultures?3)developempathy(1)Developempathy--beabletoseethingsfromthepointofviewofotherssothatwecanbetterknowandadjusttotheotherpeople.(2)Barriertoempathy–aconstantself-focus;alackofmotivation;(3)Wemustrealizethatweliveinaninterconnectedworldandtrytounderstandeveryone–regardlessofhowmuchweseemseparatedfromthembyeitherdistanceorculture.(4)Tocultivateempathy–tobecomesensitivetothevaluesandcustomsoftheculturewithwhichyouareinteracting.(5)Thisdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetoagreewiththem,butyoucanavoidconflict,arebetterabletounderstandthesituation,andarebetterequippedtoprovideamutuallyagreeablesolutiontotheproblem.4)tobeflexibleInterculturalCommunicationCompetenceInterculturalcommunicationcompetencereferstotheabilitytoaccomplisheffectiveandappropriateinterculturalcommunicationbetweencommunicatorsofdifferentcultures.FinishtheMatchingTask(p353)MatchingTask(p353)Attributes1.Toleranceforambiguity2.Open-mindedness3.Flexibility4.Respectfulness5.Adaptability6.Sensitivity7.CreativityAbilitiesb.Abilitytomeetnewsituationswithmindfulnessf.Abilitytorespondtoothersinnon-evaluativewaysa.Abilitytoshiftframeofreferencee.Abilitytoshowpositiveregardfortheother(s)g.Abilitytobehaveappropriatelytoparticularsituationsd.Abilitytoconveyempathyverballyandnonverballyc.AbilitytoengageindifferentmodesofthinkingInterculturalCommunicationCompetenceReadthearticle“Description,Interpretation,andEvaluation”(p354-355).Howtocommunicateeffectivelywithpeople,especiallythosefromdifferentcultures?1)Threecognitiveprocessesinperception:Description:anactualreportofwhatwehaveobservedwiththeminimumofdistortionandwithoutattributingsocialsignificancetothebehavior.Interpretation:whatwethinkaboutwhatweseeandhear.Evaluation:positiveornegativejudgmentsconcerningthesocialsignificanceweattributetobehavior.InterculturalCommunicationCompetence2)Theimportantthingtokeepinmindisthatmultipleinterpretationscanbemadeforanyparticulardescriptionofbehavior.3)Thereasonwhywefailtocommunicateeffectivelyoftenliesinthefactthatwetendtoskiptheessentialcognitiveprocessofdescriptionandjumpimmediatelytotheprocessofinterpretationorevaluationwithoutrealizingthatourinterpretationsorevaluationsarebasedonourownculturalbeliefsandtheymightbeverydifferentfromwhatismeantbythespeaker.CaseStudyCase37 (Page 356-357)Peterwasbroughtupinacultureinwhichthedemandsofpolitenessand"face"requireeitherthatonegoesagainstone'srealwishesandacceptsinvitationsthatonewouldreallyprefernottoaccept,orthatonefindselaborateexcuses(anillchildisaveryusefulone)toavoidcommitment.However,inMoroccanculture,thingsarequitedifferent.Peterseemstohavegraduallyadaptedverywelltothenewculturalenvironmentinwhichhefoundhimself.Thelessonwecanlearnfromthisisthatoneshouldnotjudgethebehaviorofthoseofanotherculturebyone'sownculturalstandardsandshouldlearnto"doastheRomansdowheninRome".CaseStudyCase38 (Page 357)ThisisjustacaseoftheconflictbetweenthefirstgenerationandthesecondgenerationofChineseimmigrantsintheUnitedStates.Thesetwogenerationshavegrownupintotallydifferentsocialenvironmentsinwhichtheirvaluesaredifferentlyshapedandtheirviewsoftheworlddifferentlyformed.Thedaughter,bornandbroughtupinAmerica,hasalreadybeentotallyAmericanizedeventhoughshehashereyesandskinofthesamecolorasherparents.LivinginAmericansociety,shefindsitnaturaltoidentifyherselfwiththemainstreamAmericanculture,inwhichparentsandchildren(especiallythegrownupchildren)aresupposedtotreateachotherasequals,whilehermother,thoughhavinglivedinAmericaformanyyears,isstillculturallymoreChinesethanAmerican.Therefore,themother,oftenwithgoodintentions,islikelytomisunderstandwhatherdaughtersaysanddoes.Todealwithconflictsofthiskind,sincereexchangeofopinionandwillingnesstolearnfromeachotherareamongthebestmeasures.CaseStudyCase39 (Page 358)AnniefeltunhappyaboutRosa'scousinbecauseshethoughtRosa'scousinhadstayedwiththemfortoolongandseemedtohavedependedonRosatoomuch,which,inAnnie'seye,wasactuallyaninterferencetoRosa'sstudies.Rosadidnotchangeafterhercousincame.ShewasstillthesamegoodstudentasAnnieremembered.However,toher,familycomesfirst,soshewentoutofherwaytolookafterhercousin,eventhoughthatmeansshewouldbeleftwithlittletimeforherselfandherclasses.ThemisunderstandingbetweenAnnieandRosacomesfromthedifferenceinwhattheyvalue.Annieseemedtovalueprivacy,independence,personalneedsandinterestsmorethanRosa,towhomfamilyrelationshipsandobligationtofamilymembersmeantverymuch.InMexicanculture,familyisthecoreofaffiliationwhileinthemainstreamAmericanculture,individualresponsibilityisemphasizedandself-relianceispreferred.CaseStudyCase40 (Page 358-359)Inthiscase,AmericanstudentswereseenhowtheywouldbehaveinthecultureinwhichtheywerecommunicatingwiththeFrenchstudents,applyingwhattheyhadlearnedinclassroombutwerenotyetquiteaccustomedto.Theyfinallybehavedintheculturallyappropriatemannersbecausetheywerepulledbytheforceofrelationships,byrealpeopleinarealsituation.Thisistheultimategoaloflearningaboutcultureandcommunication,whenlearnersmovefromtheclassroomoutthedoorintothenewwayoflife.演讲结速，谢谢观赏！Thankyou.PPT常用编辑图使用方法1.取消组合2.填充颜色3.调整大小选择您要用到的图标单击右键选择“取消组合”右键单击您要使用的图标选择“填充”，选择任意颜色拖动控制框调整大小商务图标元素商务图标元素商务图标元素商务图标元素