考研英语二真题完美打印版

Lastrevisiondate:13December2020.考研英语二真题完美打印版2015年考研英语二真题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，C?orDonANSWERSHEET1(10points).Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlookingat-astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones，evenwithouta__1__onasubway.It’sasadreality–ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings–becausethere’s__2__tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn’tknowit,__3__intoyourphone.Thisuniversalprotectionsendsthe__4__:”Pleasedon’tapproachme.”Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreensOneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,anexecutivementalcoach.Wefearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe__6__as“weird.”Wefearwe’llbe__7__.Wefearwe’llbedisruptive.Strangersareinherently__8__tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel__9__whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintances.Toavoidthisuneasiness,we_10_toour?phones.”Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket,”Wortmannsays.”Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore__11___”Butonceweripofftheband-aid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn’t_12_sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta_13_.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow_14_.”WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto_15_howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir_16_wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,”TheNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn’texpectapositiveexperience,afterthey__17__withtheexperiment,”notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeenembarrassed”.___18____,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewithoutcommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,_19_humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.It’sthat___20___:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.1.[A]signal[B]permit[C]ticket[D]record2.[A]nothing[B]little[C]another[D]much3.[A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought4.[A]sign[B]code[C]notice[D]message5.[A]under[B]behind[C]beyond[D]from6.[A]misapplied[B]mismatched[C]misadjusted[D]misinterpreted7.[A]replaced[B]fired[C]judged[D]delayed8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungrateful[C]unconventional[D]unfamiliar9.[A]comfortable[B]confident[C]anxious[D]angry10.[A]attend[B]point[C]take[D]turn11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]boring12.[A]hurt[B]resist[C]bend[D]decay13.[A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D]negotiation14.[A]passengers[B]employees[C]researchers[D]trainees15.[A]reveal[B]choose[C]predict[D]design16.[A]voyage[B]ride[C]walk[D]flight17.[A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[D]putup18.[A]Inturn[B]Infact[C]Inparticular[D]Inconsequence19.[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D]whereas20.[A]funny[B]logical[C]simple[D]rareSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestressedathomethatatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople'scortisol,whichisastressmarker,whiletheywereatwordandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,writesoneoftheresearchers,Sarah?Damaske.Infactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratwork.Shenotes.itismennotwomen.Whoreportbeingbappicrathomethanatwork,Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrcnandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypcoplcwhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesntmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey'reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it'snot?surprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butit'snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey'resupposedtobedoingtobedoing:wording,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues--yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintois,ofifthey'reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they’reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they'reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soit'snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.21.AccordingtoParagraph1mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome[A]was?anunrealisticplaceforrelaxation[B]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace[C]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement[D]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace22.AccordingtoDamaske，whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome[A]Working?mothers[B]Childlesshusbands[C]Childlesswives[D]Workingfathers23.Theblurringofworkingwomensrolesreferstothefactthat[A]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice24.The?wordmoola(Line?4，4)mostprobablymeans[A]energy?[B]skills[C]earnings[D]nutrition25.Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat[A]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment[B]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut[C]householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewardedText?2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreatedadoxinthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhascontinuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthancloseachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudents"struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe'rulesofthegame,'andtakeadvantageofcollegesresources,”theywrite,Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon'ttalkabouttheclassadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents."BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents'educationalexperiences,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudents"likethem'canimprove."26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas.[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates[B]narrowedtheachievementgap[C]depressedcollegestudents[D]misseditsoriginalpurpose27.Theauthorsoftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause.[A]theirfindingsappealtostudents[B]therecruitingratehasincreased[C]theproblemissolvable[D]theirapproachiscostless28.Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents.[A]studyatprivateuniversities[B]arefromsingle-parentfamilies[C]areinneedoffinancialsupport[D]havefailedtheircollege29.Theauthorsofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents.[A]areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap[B]canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents[C]maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects[D]areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat.[A]universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-class[B]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion[C]socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences[D]studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresourcesText3Evenintraditionaloffices,“thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago,”saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehn.Shestartedspinningoffexamples.“IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990,wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikejourney,mission,passion.Thereweregoals,therewerestrategies,therewereobjectives,butwedidn’ttalkaboutenergy;wedidn’ttalkaboutpassion.”Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery“team”-oriented—andnotbycoincidence.“Let’snotforgetsports—inmale-dominatedcorporateAmerica,it’sstillabigdeal.It’snotexplicitlyconscious;it’stheideathatI’macoach,andyou’remyteam,andwe’reinthistogether.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies,butmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin.”Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaning—and,asKhuranapointsout,increaseallegiancetothefirm.“Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations:Termslikevision,values,passion,andpurpose,”saidKhurana.Thisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalance.The“mommywars”ofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcan’thaveitallandbookslikeSherylSandberg’sLeanIn,whosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.Termslikeunplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehome.Butifyourworkisyour“passion,”you’llbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit,evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbed.Butthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeak:Everyonemakesfunofit,butmanagersloveit,companiesdependonit,andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbit.AsNunbergsaid,“Youcangetpeopletothinkit’snonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.”Inaworkplacethat’sfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeaning,officespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork—andhowyourworkdefineswhoyouare.31.AccordingtoNancyKoehn,officelanguagehasbecome_______.[A]moreobjective[B]lessenergetic[C]moreemotional[D]lessstrategic32."Team"-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedto_______.[A]sportsculture[B]genderdifference[C]historicalincidents[D]athleticexecutives33.Khuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaimsto______.[A]promotecompanyimage[B]strengthenemployeeloyalty[C]fostercorporatecooperation[D]revivehistoricalterms34.ItcanbeinferredthatLeanIn______.[A]voicesforworkingwomen[B]appealstopassionateworkaholics[C]triggersdebatesamongmommies[D]praisesmotivatedemployees35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficespeak[A]Managersadmireitbutavoidit.[B]Linguistsbelieveittobenonsense.[C]Companiesfindittobefundamental.[D]Regularpeoplemockitbutacceptit.Text4Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreportedforJune,alongwiththedropintheunemploymentrateto6.1percent,asgoodnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsataleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.However,thereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwaslargelyoverlooked.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000(4.4percent)aboveitsyearagolevel.BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuallywantfull-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeworkisevidenceofweaknessinthelabormarketanditmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemakingendsmeet.Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel.Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploymentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheansweris“yes”,theyareclassifiedasworkingpart-time.Thesurveythenaskswhethertheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyclassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytellthesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursaweek.Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecauseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymemberswithserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertocoverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance.36.Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected[A]Theprospectofathrivingjobmarket.[B]Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs.[C]Thepossibilityoffullemployment.[D]Theaccelerationofjobcreation.37.Manypeopleworkpart-timebecausethey____.[A]Fellthatisenoughtomakeendsmeet[B]Cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs[C]Haven’tseentheweaknessofthemarket[D]Preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobs38.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUS______.[A]Showsageneraltendencyofdecline[B]Ishardertoacquirethanoneyearago[C]Satisfiestherealneedofthejobless[D]Islowerthanbeforetherecession39.ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare,___.[A]Itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsurance[B]Employmentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsurance[C]Itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymembers[D]Full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance40.Thetextmainlydiscusses_______.[A]Obamacare’strouble[B]Part-timerclassification[C]InsurancethroughMedicaid[D]EmploymentintheUSPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Youarenotalone[B]Don’tfearresponsibilityforyourlife[C]Paveyourownuniquepath[D]Mostofyourfearsareunreal[E]Thinkaboutthepresentmoment[F]Experiencehelpsyougrow[G]TherearemanythingstobegratefulforSomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercomeToughTimesUnfortunately,lifeisnotabedofroses,Wearegoingthoughlifefacingsadexperiences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariouskindsofloss:afriendship,aromanticrelationshiporahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyseemslikethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldrememberthattheywon’tlastforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreaterunderstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmakeusmatureandeventuallymoveustowardfutureopportunitiesforgrowthandhappiness.IwanttosharetheseoldtruthsI’velearnedalongtheway.41.Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprotectusbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunately,peoplecreateinnerbarrierswithahelpofexaggeratingfears.MyfavoriteactorWillSmithoncesaid,“Fearisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate.Donotmisunderstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.”Idocompletelyagreethefearsarejusttheproductofourluxuriantimagination.42.Ifyouaresurroundedbyproblemsandcannotstopthinkingaboutthepast,tryfocusonthepresentmoment.Manyofusareweigheddownbythepastoranxiousaboutthefuture.Youmayfeelguiltoveryourpast,butyouarepoisoningthepresentwiththethingsandcircumstancesyoucannotchange.Valuethepresentmomentandrememberhowfortunateyouaretobealive.Enjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundandkeeptheeyesopentoseethepossibilitiesbeforeyou.Happinessisnotapointoffutureandnotamomentfromthepast,butamindsetthatcanbedesignedintothepresent.43.Sometimesitiseasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes.Youcanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgettopauseandappreciatethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosmileandvaluetheirlifeinsteadofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.44.Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,youshouldalwaysrememberthatyouarenotalone.Trytokeepinmindthatalmosteveryonerespectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretryingtomakeagoodchangeinyourlife.Especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople.Youmayhaveacircleoffriendswhoprovideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.Ifyouhavenofriendsorrelatives,trytoparticipateinseveralonlinecommunities,fullofpeoplewhoarealwayswillingtoshareadviceandencouragement.45.Todaymanypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseekbalancebygainingobjectivityfromexternalsources.Thiswayyoudevalueyouropinionandshowthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourownlife.Whenyouarestrugglingtoachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelieveinyourselfandbesurethatyourdecisionisthebest.Youliveinyourskin,thinkyourownthoughts,haveyourownvaluesandmakeyourownchoices.SectionⅢTranslation46.TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethat’sveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsit’seasytoloseconcentrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconsequenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastakenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect:peopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelafamiliarroute.Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldownawell-knownroute,becausewedon’thavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemstoflowmorequickly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinkbackonit,wecan’trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn’tpaymuchattentiontoit.Soweassumeitwasshorter.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions：Supposeyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummercampforhighschoolstudents.Writeanoticeto1)brieflyintroducethecampactivities,and2)callforvolunteers.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEETDonotuseyournameorthenameofyouruniversity.Donotwriteyouraddress.(10分)PartB48.Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomment.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.