专升本英语课件

词类：代词：1．both,either和neitherboth:二者都(复数)Bothoftheboysareclever.neither：二者都不（单数）Neitheroftheboysisclever.either：二者中任何一个（单数）Eitheroftheboysisclever.Bothproblemsarenotdifficult.2.other,another,theother,others,theothersanother:泛指众多中的另一个，又一个，Ihavefinishedthenovel.Pleasegivemeanother(one)Wouldyoulikeanother(cupoftea)?TheywillstayinBeijingforanothertwodays.other：其他的，theother：两者中的另一个，用于“one…theother…”词组中Hehastwosisters.Oneisadoctor,theotherisanurse.others:代替或泛指其他的人或事theothers:表示在一定范围内的，剩下的人或事，其他所有的人或事1.YoumaycomeonTuesdayorWednesday,___daywilldo.AallBbothCeitherDone2.Ofthethreeforeigners,oneisfromJapanand___twoarefromKorea.AotherBtheotherCsomeDany3.Ourfactorygave___workerabonusof800yuanattheendoftheyeartopraisetheirhard-working.AeitherBeveryCallDboth4.Tovedoesnotknow___ofthem.Sheonlyknowsafewofthem.AallBnoneCbothDany形容词、副词1.同级比较：肯定句：as原级as…否定句：notas/so原级as…倍数/修饰词+as…as…倍数：half,twice,three…times修饰词：almost,nearly,exactly,quite…Thebuildingisalmostashighasthatone.Thebookisthreetimesasthickasthatone.2.比较级的用法数量/倍数/修饰词+比较级+than修饰词：much,far,rather,even,alot,alittle,no(notany)…Heistwoyearsolderthanhisbrother.Yourhouseistwicelargerthanhis.2个词组：1.biggerandbiggerlowerandlower比较级and比较级moreandmorebeautiful越来越…moreandmorewonderfulInwinter,thedaysaregettingshorterandshorter.Beijingisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.2.the比较级……,the比较级……:越…,就越…Themoreyouread,themoreyouknow.Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultyouwillget.Thefartherhewent,themoreafraidhefelt.Howoften:问次数/频率，用twice,threetimes…回答Howlong：问时间，用20minutes,twoweeks…回答Howsoon：问多快/多久以后，用in20minutes,intwoweeks…回答Howfar：问多远，用距离回答20minutes’walk1.Thisbrandofcomputeris___moreexpensivethanIexpected.AplentyBalotCplentyofDalotof2.Themorefruitandvegetablesyoueat,___chanceofgettingcanceryouhave.AlittleBlessCthelessDtheleast3.Stayinginafour-starhotelforanightcosts___rentingahouseinthesuburb（近郊）foramonth.AtwiceasmuchasBtwicemoreCasmuchastwiceDasmuchtwiceas情态动词：1.mustn’t和needn’t/don’thavetoYoumustkeepitasecret.Youmustn’ttellanybodyelse.Youcancomewithmeifyoulikebutyouneedn’tcomeifyoudon’twantto.needtodo(表示主动)Weneededtolookaftertheoldman.needdoing(表示被动)同类require,wantTheoldmanneededlookingafter.2.shouldhavedone:本应该…(本该做但没有做)=oughttohavedoneIshouldhavearrivedherethismorning,butthetrafficistooheavy.Iwonderwhythey’resolate.Theyshouldhavebeenhereanhourago.3.情态动词表示推测的用法1)can’t(表推测多用否定式，意为“不可能”)（对现在、将来）Itcan’tbetrue.这不可能是真的。2)must:表示肯定推测（对现在）Youmustbehungryafterthelongwalk.3)may:表示可能性很小的推测（对现在、将来）Hemaybeinhisoffice.4)表示对发生过的事的推测mustcan’thavedonemayI’velostoneofmygloves.Imusthavedroppeditsomewhere.Hecan’thavesaidsomethinglikethat.“Ican’tfindmybaganywhere.”“Youmayhaveleftitintheshop.”1.---Bradfordgraduatedfromcollegewithhonorsataveryyoungage.---He___havebeenanoutstandingstudent.AmustBcouldCshouldDmight2.---Theyaresupposedtoarriveatsix,butthereisstillnosignofthem---Somethingunexpected___tothem.AmighthappenBmusthavehappenedCwouldhavehappenedDcouldhappen3.Thestreetareallwet.It___duringthenight.AmustberainingBmusthaverainedChadrainedDmustrain非谓语动词：1.动名词:doing1）这些词后面接动名词：busy,keep,feellike,avoid,can’thelp,practise,suggest,finish,mind,介词，It’snouse/good…,It’suseless/worth…,spendtime(in)doingsth.2）notdoing:Notunderstandingwhathemeant,Iaskedhimtoexplain.2.不定式todo:Ittakessb.+time+todo…Itcostsb.+money+tobuy…1）这些词后接不定式：expect,manage,allow,decide,happen,plan,pretend,promise,agree…2）nottodo：Hepromisednottotellliesanymore.Hedecidednottowaitanylonger.3）look,watch,see,notice,let,make,have,hear,feel…后省略toIsawherenterthebuilding.Iwon’tlethimdothatkindofthingagain.3.todo与doing的区别：forget/remember/regrettodo(要做的事)doing（已经做过的事）stoptodo（开始）doing（停止）trytodo（努力、尽力）doing（尝试）meantodo（企图，打算）doing（意味着）wanttodo（想要）doing（需要）Theclassroombuildingwants/needspainting.seesb.tododoing4.分词1.doing与done的区别1）时间Don’tdisturbthesleepingbaby.boilingwater/boiledwater2)主动与被动Ifoundhiswritingsomethingthen.IamreadingthenovelwrittenbyMarkTwain.Theproblemsmentionedwillbesolvedsoon.Theseawatercontainsnearlyallkindsofnaturalelementsknown.Whilewaitingforthebus,hemetafriendhehadnotseenforyears.Waitedforalongtime,heapologizedtotheothers.1.Marysawherson___thepianowhenshecametotheroom.AplayingBplayCplayedDtoplay2.___theTVtoweratnight,thecitylooksevenmoremagnificentwithallitslightson.ASeeingfromBTobeseenfromCToseefromDSeenfrom3.Youcan’texpecther___ontimeifyouarelateyourself.AhavebeenBbeingCbeDtobe4.Thesandwiches___byyourmotherwereverydelicious.AmakeBmakingCmadeDweremade5.ThedoctoraskedBobtoquit___becauseofhishealth.AsmokeBsmokesCsmokingDtosmoke6.Annecouldn’tfindataxi,soIoffered___hertothestation.AdriveBtodriveCdrivingDhavingdriven7.Time___,wewillarrangeforthetouriststovisittwoorthreemoreremotespotsofculturevalue.ApermitsBpermittingCpermittedDtobepermitted8.___awindyday,Idecidedtostayathome.ABeingBItbeingCIt’sDBeen时态：1.主（句）将（来时）从（句）现（在时）1）在以after,before,when,until,assoonas等连词引导的时间从句中：（主）I’llletyouknow（从）whenshegetshere.（主）you’llseeapathtoyourleft,（从）Afteryougoanother50m2）在带有if,unless,incase的条件从句中：（主）I’llbringacompass（从）incasewegetlost.（主）Hewillfailhisexams（从）unlesshetakeworkmoreseriously.2.用现在进行时表示安排要进行的动作HeisgoingtothedentistonTuesdaymorning.WhattimeisCathyarrivingtomorrow?3.betodo:表示将要做（发生）的事，用于表示正式的安排、说明等ThesportsmeetistotakeplaceonMonday.Thequeenistovisitourcountry.beabouttodo：表示即将发生的事,表示很快要发生的事Hurryup.Thetrainisabouttoleave.完成时：现在完成时:have/hasdone过去完成时:haddone1.现在完成时1)表示过去发生的而现在有结果的动作：Ihavelostmypassport.（我现在找不到我的护照）“Where’sLinda?”“Shehasgonetobed.”（她现在睡觉了）Ihavejust…Ihavealready…Ihaven’t…yet.Haveyouever…?“havebeen”&“havegone”“Where’sBill?”“He’saway.HehasgonetoSpain.”“Hello,Bill.”“Hello.Ihavebeenonholiday.IhavebeentoSpain.”2)表示从过去到现在的时间内发生的动作,与recently/inthelastfewdays/sofar/sincebreakfast等词连用HaveyouheardfromGeorgerecently?I’vemetalotofpeopleinthelastfewdays.3)表示动作的延续HehasbeeninIrelandforthreedays.Ihaveknownherforalongtime.2.过去完成时：要谈论过去某时间之前发生的动作或行为Whenwegothomelastnight,wefoundthatsomebodyhadbrokenintotheflat.Ididn’tknowwhoshewas,Ihadneverseenherbefore.Themansittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.Hehadneverflownbefore.IwasverypleasedtoseeTimagainaftersuchalongtime.Ihadn’tseenhimforfiveyears.Hehaswritten5articlesforthemagazinesofar.Hehadwritten5articlesforthemagazinebytheendoflastmonth.3现在完成进行时：动作一直持续到现在并仍在进行HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?(仍在学习英语)Timisstillwatchingtelevision.Hehasbeenwatchingtelevisionallday.1.Sorry,butwecannotgotoSanDiego.Ourcousins___toseeusnextSunday.AcomeBarecomingChavecomeDcame2.ThebusislateandJulieiscold.She___forthebusfor10minutes.AwaitsBwaitedChaswaitedDhasbeenwaiting3.SincearrivinginNewYork,Thomas___over15jobinterviews.AhasBhadChashadDishaving4.Bytheyear2100,manydifferentmeansoftransportation___.AwilldevelopBwillhavedevelopedCwillbedevelopingDwillhavebeendeveloped从句：名词性从句：引导词、语序、时态定语从句：引导词状语从句：连词从句：1.Perhapsthedayswillcome___peoplewillbeabletobreathecleanairincities.AwhenBasCwhileDsince2.Jennyistheonlyoneofthegradewho___selectedtoschoolfashion-showteam.AisBareChasDhave3.Youmayborrowthisdictionary___youkeepitclean.AaslongasBsofarasCincaseDevenif4.Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep___hismothertellshimastory.AsinceBwhenClestDunlessScientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.Theyhavediscoveredthatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan(wethoughtbefore).Askherabouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyoureadtogether.Letherknowyouarecarefullylisteningto(whatshesays).CarletonKendricksuggeststhataccompanying（陪伴）yourchildtoawebsite(heoftenvisits)isnodifferentfrom“checkingoutaplayground(whereyourkidsgo),toseethatit’ssafe”.Manyparentsdon’tknowthatasimpleclick（点击）onthe“history”tab（键）willproducealistoflinkstoeverywebsite(thecomputerhasvisitedrecently).虚拟语气在If条件状语从句中的使用：If条件句主句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反If主语＋动词过去式（be动词were）would(should,could,might)＋动词原形If＋主语＋had＋动词过去分词would(could,should,might)＋have＋动词过去分词If＋主语＋should＋动词原形If＋主语＋wereto＋动词原形Would(should,could,might)＋动词原形If主语＋动词过去式（be动词were）IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyEnglishharder.与现在事实相反IfIhadgotthereearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthebus.与过去事实相反IfIweretoreturninadayortwo,Iwouldwaitforher.与将来事实相反If引导的条件句Itis(high)time…从句用过去时:早该……了Itistimewestarted.我们早该出发了。Itishightimeyougrewup.你早该长大了。It’s(high)time(sb)sth.didIwouldratheryoucametomyparty.我多希望你能来参加我的聚会。Iwouldratheryoudidthework.我真希望你来做这件事。表示间接的命令、建议或请求的从句中Wesuggestthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.我们建议将会议延期Heorderedthatthemedicine(should)besentbyaspecialplane.他命令用专机送药品Iinsistthatyou(should)givememymoneyback.我 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 你把钱退给我Irequirethathe(should)dotheworktomorrow.我要求他明天做这项工作