历年考研英语模拟试题及答案：阅读篇

ItwaslastrevisedonJanuary2,2021历年考研英语模拟试题及 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 ：阅读篇历年考研英语模拟试题及答案：阅读篇　　Scientistshaveknownsince1952thatDNAisthebasicstuffofheredity.They'veknownitschemicalstructuresince1953.TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogramsome3billionbitslongthatspellsouttheinstructionsformakingproteins，thebasicbuildingblocksoflife.　　Buteverythingthegeneticengineershaveaccomplishedduringthepasthalf-centuryisjustapreambletotheworkthatCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleaguesaredoingnow.CollinsleadstheHumanGenomeProject，a15-yearefforttodrawthefirstdetailedmapofeverynookandcrannyandgeneinhumanDNA.Anderson，whopioneeredthefirstsuccessfulhumangene-therapyoperations，isleadingthecampaigntoputinformationaboutDNAtouseasquicklyaspossibleinthetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases.　　Whattheyandotherresearchersareplottingisnothinglessthanabiomedicalrevolution.LikeSiliconValleypiratesreverse-engineeringacomputerchiptostealacompetitor'ssecrets，geneticengineersaredecodinglife'smolecularsecretsandtryingtousethatknowledgetoreversethenaturalcourseofdisease.DNAintheirhandshasbecomebothablueprintandadrug，apharmacologicalsubstanceofextraordinarypotencythatcantreatnotjustsymptomsorthediseasesthatcausethembutalsotheimperfectionsinDNAthatmakepeoplesusceptibletoadisease.　　Andthat'sjustthebeginning.Forallthefeveredworkbeingdone，however，scienceisstillfarawayfromtheBraveNewWorldvisionofengineeringaperfecthuman—orevenaperfecttomato.Muchmoreresearchisneededbeforegenetherapybecomescommonplace，andmanydiseaseswilltakedecadestoconquer，iftheycanbeconqueredatall.　　Intheshortrun，themostpracticalwaytousethenewtechnologywillbeingeneticscreening.DoctorswillbeabletodetectallsortsofflawsinDNAlongbeforetheycanbefixed.Insomecasestheknowledgemaylead　　totreatmentsthatdelaytheonsetofthediseaseorsoftenitseffects.Someonewithageneticpredispositiontoheartdisease，forexample，couldfollowalow-fatdiet.Andifscientistsdeterminethatavitalproteinismissingbecausethegenethatwassupposedtomakeitisdefective，theymightbeabletogivethepatientanartificialversionoftheprotein.Butinotherinstances，almostnothingcanbedonetostoptheravagesbroughtonbygeneticmutations.(409words)　　1.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleagues_____.　　[A]knowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogram　　[B]havefoundthebasicbuildingblocksoflife　　[C]haveaccomplishedsomegeneticdiscoveryduringthepasthalf-century　　[D]aremakingabreakthroughinDNA　　2.CollinsandAndersonarecitedinthetexttoindicateallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.　　[A]time-consumingeffortisneededtoaccomplishthedetailedmapofinhumanDNA　　[B]humangene-therapyoperationsmaybeappliedtothepatients　　[C]gene-therapynowisalreadygenerallyusedtothetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases　　[D]informationaboutDNAmaybeusedinthetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases　　3.Theword“pirate”(line2，paragraph3)means______.　　[A]onewhorobsatseaorplundersthelandfromthesea　　[B]onewhomakesuseoforreproducestheworkofanotherwithoutauthorization　　[C]totake(something)bypiracy　　[D]tomakeuseoforreproduce(another'swork)withoutauthorization　　4.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat_____.　　[A]engineeringaperfecthumanisnotfeasibleforthetimebeing　　[B]it‘simpossibleforscientiststoengineeraperfecttomato　　[C]manydiseaseswillneverbeconqueredbyhumanbeings　　[D]doctorswillbeabletocureallsortsofflawsinDNAinthe　　longrun　　5.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe______.　　[A]DNAandHeredity　　[B]TheGeneticRevolution　　[C]ABiomedicalRevolution　　[D]HowtoApplyGeneticTechnology　　词汇注释　　stuff物质　　preamble开端　　nookandcranny排列　　potency力量　　susceptible易受感染的　　predisposition易患病的体质　　难句讲解　　1.TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogramsome3billionbitslongthatspellsouttheinstructionsformakingproteins，thebasicbuildingblocksoflife.　　[简析]本句话的主干是“Theyknowthat…”。they指的是前面句子中提到的scientists;第一个引导的是宾语从句，some3billionbitslong修饰computerprogram，第二个that也修饰computerprogram;thebasicbuildingblocksoflife是在解释proteins.　　2.Anderson，whopioneeredthefirstsuccessfulhumangene-therapyoperations，isleadingthecampaigntoputinformationaboutDNAtouseasquicklyaspossibleinthetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases.　　[简析]本句话的主干是“Andersonisleadingthecampaign…”。Who引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰Anderson;toputinformation…短语修饰campaign，其中的touse…作目的状语。　　3.DNAintheirhandshasbecomebothablueprintandadrug，apharmacologicalsubstanceofextraordinarypotencythatcantreatnotjustsymptomsorthediseasesthatcausethembutalsotheimperfectionsinDNAthatmakepeoplesusceptibletoadisease.　　[简析]本句话的主干是“DNAhasbecomebothablueprintandadrug”。intheirhands修饰DNA;apharmacologicalsubstance…是在解释前面的drug，其中的第一个that引导的定语从句修饰pharmacologicalsubstance;第二个that引导的定语从句修饰imperfections.　　4.Andifscientistsdeterminethatavitalproteinismissingbecausethegenethatwassupposedtomakeitisdefective，theymightbeabletogivethepatientanartificialversionoftheprotein.　　[简析]本句话的主干是“…theymightbeabletogivethepatientanartificialversionoftheprotein”。If引导的是条件状语从句，其中的第一个that引导的是宾语从句，because引导的时原因状语从句;第二个that引导的定语从句修饰gene.