全国通用版2019版高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷25Unit5Firstaid新人教版必修5146

Unit5FirstaidⅠ.阅读理解A(2018·广西师大附属外校高三模拟)Everyday,peoplecomeintocontactwiththousandsofchemicals.Thesechemicalsaresaidtobeharmlesstohumanhealth.Infact,thechemicalsareconsideredsosafethatwewashwiththem.Weputthemonourbodiesandevenourfaces.Otherchemicalproductsareusedthroughoutourhomes.Bythetimeyouwalkoutofyourfrontdoor,youhavealreadybeenexposedtothousandsofchemicals.Onitsown,eachchemicalseemsharmless.Butincombinationwithotherchemicals,theymaybecomedeadly.Thatisthefindingofatwo­yearstudybyahigh­profile(高调的)taskforceofscientists.Thetaskforcewastoldtoinvestigatethecancer­causingpossibilityofchemicalmixtures.LindaGulliverwasoneofthe174scientistsonthetaskforce.Theirjobwastostudythecancer­causingpotentialof85chemicals.All85aresaidtobecommonintheenvironment.MsGulliverexplainsthatchemicalshavethepotentialorabilitytoformdangerousmixtures.Evensimplemineralscanbecomedangerouswhenmixedwithchemicalsfoundinplasticsorbeautyproducts.Workingingroups,thescientistsexploredhowdifferentchemicalmixturescouldleadtocancer.MsGulliver'steamlookedattheabilityofdifferentcombinationstosupporttheincreaseofmalignant(恶性的)humancells.Shesaysthecurrentwaytoidentifywhetherchemicalscausecanceristotestthemoneatatime.Thismethodleads,sheadds,toalonglistofsupposedly“safe”chemicals.Sheandherteamsaythatapproachneedstochange.“Wedefinitelyneedcertainresearch…tofindoutwhatmixturesofchemicalswouldbemoreharmfulthanothers;whatgroupsofchemicals,whentogether,wouldproducemoreharmfuleffects.Andatthemoment,thatisnotknown.”Anestimatedoneinfivecancershasbeenlinkedtochemicalexposure.Itmayturnoutthatthecancer­causingvillain(恶棍)isnotasinglechemicalatall.语篇导读本文为科普说明文，揭示了多种安全的化学物质相混或成致癌物。1．Whateffectmayonesinglechemicalhaveonusaccordingtothetext?A．Itmaydestroyourbody.B．Itmaynotcausedangertous.C．Itmayletussufferfromcancer.D．Itmayletourbodymakeachange.解析B　细节理解 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。根据第三段第一句可知，一种化学物质可能不会对我们造成危害，故选B项。2．WhatcanwelearnaboutMsGulliver'sresearch?A．Shehasfound85cancer­causingchemicals.B．Shehasfoundreasonsforfivekindsofcancers.C．Shehasfoundthatonlyonechemicalcancausecancer.D．Sheisnotsurewhatmixturesofchemicalsaremoreharmful.解析D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，格利佛也不确定哪一种化学物质的混合物更具危害，故选D项。3．Accordingtothetext,wecaninferthatthestudy________.A．isjustwastingtimeandmoneyB．isstillinneedofgreateffortsC．willcausepanicinpublicD．willberesistedbythepublic解析B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可以推知，这项研究仍需要很大的努力，故选B项。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MixturesofSafeChemicalsMayCauseCancerB．BeingExposedtoOneChemicalIsDangerousC．HowMixturesofSafeChemicalsComeintoBeing？D．WhatIstheRealCauseforCancer?解析A　标题归纳题。根据 全文 企业安全文化建设方案企业安全文化建设导则安全文明施工及保证措施创建安全文明校园实施方案创建安全文明工地监理工作情况 尤其是最后一段最后一句可知，文章主要揭示了多种安全的化学物质相混可能会形成致癌物，故选A项。B(状元桥原创)Manybirdsmaybesmall,butthey'regreatnaturalathletes.Everyyear,birdsliterallycrossmountains,desertsandseastoreachtheirfavoritebreeding(繁殖)andfeedinggrounds.Arcticterns—eachweighingaboutafifthofapound—migratehalfwayaroundtheworld,flyingtoGreenlandinspringandtheSouthPoleinwinter.Birdsrarelygo“asthecrowflies”—inadirectlinefromPointAtoPointB．So,howdotheychoosetheirroutes?Answeringthisquestionshedslightonwhat'slikelyadrivingforceinbirds'evolution.Migrationcanberiskybusiness,whichmeansthosemigratoryroutesthathavesurvivedtothisdaylikelyhavemajorbenefitsforthosethattakethem,eveniftheymightseemcircuitous(迂回的)atfirstglance.Birdbiologistshavealreadyfiguredoutafewfactorsthatmakecertain,longerroutesbetterforbirds,includingavoidingtheopenocean,andhavingsafereststopsalongtheway.Now,anewstudyoffersevidencethatbirdsconsiderannualwindpatternstoo.Together,thesefactorsmakecertainpathsappealingtobirdsofmanykinds,creatingtheworld'sgreatmigratoryflyways.Tochecktheeffectofwindonmigratoryroutes,biologistscreatedamathematicalmodelofmorethanamillionpotentialmigrationroutes,allaroundtheworld.Theyadded21years'worthofworldwidewinddataintothemodel.Theythencomparedhowlongitwouldtakeabirdtoflybetweenpairsofpointsaroundtheworldifthebirdtooktheshortestroute,versusthewind­optimized(风向最佳的)route.Windoptimizationcouldreducethetimeittakestomigratebetweenplaces,theresearchersfound.It'simportanttorememberthatabirddoesn'tactuallyplanitsmigration.Itmayfollowwhatitlearnedfromitsparents.Abirdcan'tbeabletopredictwhatwindswillblowoveritsroute.语篇导读本文为说明文。每年，大量的鸟儿都会从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方，下面且看它们是如何选择迁徙线路的。5．Whydoesthewritermention“Arcticterns”inthefirstparagraph?A．Becausetheyarerarebirdsthatflyinadirectway.B．Becausetheyarethemostintelligentbirdsthatknowwheretomigrate.C．Becausetheyarejustexamplesofmanybirdsthatmigratewiththeseasonchanges.D．Becausetheyaretheheaviestbirdsthatcanmigratelongintheworld.解析C　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，北极燕鸥虽然小但擅长飞，它只是文章开头第一句的一个例子而已：许多鸟类虽小，但他们是伟大的天生运动员，它们因季节的变化而迁移，故选C项。6．Howmightthebirdsmigratealltheway?A．Swiftly.　　　　　　B．Visually.C．Gracefully.D．Indirectly.解析D　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知，鸟类迁徙路线不是笔直的；第二段进一步说明为什么鸟类迁徙是迂回的，故选D项。7．Whatfactorsmightbirdstakeintoaccountwhentheyarechoosingtheirmigrationroutesaccordingtobirdbiologists?A．Migrationcompany.B．Windpattern.C．Breedinggrounds.D．Challengingroutes.解析B　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在长途迁徙中，鸟类主要是要考虑这样几个因素：避免空旷的海域，拥有安全的休息站和风向，故选B项。8．Whatisthebestpossibletitleforthispassage?A．ThefunctionofmathematicalmodelB．BirdmigrationroutesC．TheeffectofwindonbirdmigrationD．Naturalathletesintheworld解析B　标题归纳题。全文围绕着“鸟类为什么迁徙，如何选择迁徙线路，以及在迁徙的过程中如何利用风向”等问题展开，同时也告诉读者鸟类学家们对鸟类迁徙的线路的研究。B项3个关键词都出现并能概括文章大意。A、C和D项都是片面的信息，故选B项。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018·长郡中学高三实验班选拔)TraditionalChineseweddingcustomshavebeenaroundforthousandsofyears.Theymayvaryfromplacetoplaceandtimetotime,buthavebeenholdinganimportantpositioninthelivesofChinesepeople,1．causing(cause)afar­reachingimpactonthewaytheChineseleadtheirlives.ThetraditionalChinesemarriageusually2．involves(involve)somenecessaryprocedures,suchasmatch­making,engagement,meetingthebride,andthreebows.3．Inaddition,atypicalChineseweddingnowadaysgoeslikethis—whenanewcoupleisengaged,4．whatfollowsisa5．choice(choose)ofthedateoftheirmarriage.MostpeoplewouldfavoraholidayorspecialChinesefestivalfortheirrelativesandfriends6．toattend(attend)thewedding.However,quiteafewothers,especially7．thoseinthecountryside,wouldfixaluckydatesothattheirmarriagewouldhave“DoubleHappiness”.Theweddingceremonyisusuallyhosted8．warmly(warm)andtheweddingceremonyveryoftenendswith9．auniquebanquet.Toastsaremadetowishthenewcouplelonglife,everlastingloveandhappiness,earlybirthofa10．healthy(health)babyandsoon.语篇导读本文为说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。1．causing　解析考查非谓语动词。空处 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示自然而然的结果，主语They和动词cause之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。2．involves　解析考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的usually可知，此处表示经常发生的动作，故用一般现在时；主语ThetraditionalChinesemarriage为单数，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。3．In　解析考查介词。inaddition此外，除此之外，为固定搭配。4．what　解析考查连词。空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用what引导该主语从句。5．choice　解析考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应用名词。6．toattend　解析考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。7．those　解析考查代词。空处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数，故用代词those。8．warmly　解析考查词性转换。副词作状语修饰动词hosted。9．a　解析考查冠词。空后的banquet为可数名词，表示泛指，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。10．healthy　解析考查词性转换。空处修饰后面的名词baby，表示“一个健康的婴儿”，故用形容词。Ⅲ.短文改错DearTom，I'msorrytohearthatyouarehavingproblemswithyourexams.YouarenotYoutoldmethatyouwereYousaidyoucouldn'tgetintoyournormalstateinanexam,Wishyoua⑩greaterprogressinyourstudy.Yourssincerely，LiHua①解析lonely表示孤独的(含有感情色彩)；alone表示独自一人。此处是说不是你一个人(alone)有这个问题，很多同学也有一样的问题。②解析thesameas和……一样。③解析too＋adj./adv.＋todosth太……而不能做某事。④解析avoid后不能直接跟形容词；avoiddoingsth避免做某事。⑤解析takesthseriously认真对待某事。⑥解析if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。⑦解析此处在that前加上and，表示上下句子是并列关系；或者将that改为which变成非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，which在从句中作主语。⑧解析suggest(建议)引导的从句用虚拟语气：(should＋)动词原形。⑨解析动作反及本身用反身代词。⑩解析progress意为“进步”时为不可数名词，其前不能用不定冠词a修饰。PAGE4