北京八达岭野生动物园导游词

导游词示 范文 销售月计划范文二年级看图写话和范文歌颂党的朗诵稿语文万能作文党代会闭幕式讲话 本|ExcellentModelText_______________________________资料编码：CYKJ-FW-698第PAGE\*Arabic\*MERGEFORMAT2页/总NUMPAGES\*Arabic\*MERGEFORMAT2页编号：______________北京八达岭野生动物园导游词编辑：__________________日期：__________________单位：__________________北京八达岭野生动物园导游词用户指南：该导游词资料适用于日常生活工作中，为提升效率而制作的包含框架和正文 模板 个人简介word模板免费下载关于员工迟到处罚通告模板康奈尔office模板下载康奈尔 笔记本 模板 下载软件方案模板免费下载 文件。可通过修改使用，也可以直接沿用本模板进行快速编辑。　　北京英文导游词一：　　LadiesandGentlemen:　　WelcometotheGreatWall.StartingoutintheeastonthebanksoftheYaleRiverinLeaningProvince,theWallstretcheswestwardsfor12,700kilometerstoJiayuguanintheGobidesert,thusknownastheTenThousandLiWallinChina.TheWallclimbsupanddown,twistsandturnsalongtheridgesoftheYanshanandYinshanMountainChainsthroughfiveprovinces——Liaoning,Hebei,Shanxi,Shaanxi,andGansuandtwoautonomousregions——NingxiaandInnerMongolia,bindingthenorthernChinatogether.　　HistoricalrecordstracetheconstructionoftheoriginoftheWalltodefensivefortificationbacktotheyear656B.C.duringthereignofKingChengoftheStatesofChu.ItsconstructioncontinuedthroughouttheWarringStatesperiodinthefifthCenturyB.C.Walls,then,wasbuiltseparatelybytheseducalstatestowardoffsuchharassments.Laterin221B.C.ThemostextensivereinforcementsandrenovationswerecarriedoutintheMingDynasty(1368——1644)whenaltogether18lengthystretcheswerereinforcedwithbricksandrocks.itismostlytheMingDynastyWallthatvisitorsseetoday.　　TheGreatWallisdividedintotwosections,theeastandwest,withShanxiProvinceasthedividingline.Thewestpartisarammedearthconstruction,about5.3metershighonaverage.Intheeasternpart,thecoreoftheWallisrammedearthaswell,buttheoutershellisreinforcedwithbricksandrocks.ThemostimposingandbestpreservedsectionsoftheGreatWallareatBadalingandMutianyu,notfarfromBeijingandbothareopentovisitors.　　TheWallofthosesectionsis7.8metershighand6.5meterswideatitsbase,narrowingto5.8metersontheramparts,wideenoughforfivehorsestogallopabreast.Two—storiedwatch—towersarebuiltatapproximately400—metersinternals.Thetopstoriesofthewatch—towerweredesignedforobservingenemymovements,whilethefirstwasusedforstoringgrain,fodder,militaryequipmentandgunpowderaswellasforquarteringgarrisonsoldiers.Thehighestwatch—toweratBadalingstandingonahill—top,isreachedonlyafterasteepclimb,like"climbingaladdertoheaven".　　Therestand14majorpasses(Guan,inChinese)atplacesofstrategicimportancealongtheGreatWall,themostimportantbeingShanghaiguanandJiayuguan.YetthemostimpressiveoneisJuyongguan,about50kilometersnorthwestofBeijing.　　Knownas"TianXiaDiYIGuan"(TheFirstPaUnderHeaven),ShanghaiguanPaissituatedbetweentwosheercliffsforminganeckconnectingnorthChinawiththenortheast.Ithadbeen,therefore,akeyjunctioncontestedbyallstrategistsandmanyfamousbattleswerefoughthere.ItwasthegateofShanghaiguanthattheMinggeneralWuSanguiopenedtotheManchuarmytosupprethepeasantrebellionledbyLiZichengandsosurrenderedthewholeMingempiretotheManchus,leadingtothefoundationoftheQingDynasty.(1644—1911)　　Asaculturalheritage,theWallbelongsnotonlytoChinabuttotheworld.TheVenicechartersays:"Historicalandculturalarchitecturenotonlyincludestheindividualarchitecturalworks,butalsotheurbanorruralenvironmentthatwitnessedcertaincivilizations,significantsocialdevelopmentsorhistoricalevents."TheGreatWallisthelargestofsuchhistoricalandculturalarchitecture,andthatiswhyitcontinuestobesoattractivetopeopleallovertheworld.In,theWallwaslistedbyUNESCOasaworldculturalheritagesite.　　北京英文导游词二：　　Tian'anmen(theGateofHeavenlyPeace)，islocatedinthecenterofBeijing.Itwasfirstbuiltin1417andnamedChengtianmen(theGateofHeavenlySuccession)。AttheendoftheMingDynasty，itwasseriouslydamagedbywar.WhenitwasrebuiltundertheQingin1651，itwasrenamedTian'anmen，andservedasthemainentrancetotheImperialCity，theadministrativeandresidentialquartersforcourtofficialsandretainers.ThesouthernsectionsoftheImperialCitywallstillstandonbothsidesoftheGate.　　Thetoweratthetopofthegateisnine—roomwideandfive–roomdeep.AccordingtotheBookofChanges，thetwonumbersnineandfive，whencombined，symbolizethesupremestatusofasovereign.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties，Tian'anmenwastheplacewherestateceremoniestookplace.Themostimportantoneofthemwastheissuingofimperialedicts，whichfollowedthesesteps：1)TheMinisterofRiteswouldreceivetheedictinTaihedian(HallofSupremeHarmony)，wheretheEmperorwasholdinghiscourt.Theministerwouldthencarrythedecreeonayunpan(trayofcloud)，andwithdrawfromthehallviaTaihemen(GateofsupremeHarmony)2)TheMinisterwouldputthetrayinaminiaturelongting(dragonpavilion)。BeneathayellowumbrellaandcarryitviaWumen(MeridianGate)，toTian'anmenGatetower.3)Acourtierwouldbeinvestedtoproclaimtheedict.Thecivilandmilitaryofficialsliningbothsidesofthegatewaybeneaththetowerwouldprostratethemselvesinthedirectionoftheemperorinwaitingforthedecreetotheproclaimed.3)Thecourtierwouldthenputtheedictinaphoenix—shapedwoodenboxandloweritfromthetowerbymeansofasilkcord.ThedocumentwouldfinallybecarriedinasimilartrayofcloudunderayellowumbrellatotheMinistryofRites.4)Theedict，copiedonyellowpaper，wouldbemadeknowntothewholecountry.Suchaprocesswashistoricallyrecordedas"ImperialEdictIssuedbyGoldenPhoenix".DuringtheMingandQingdynastiesTian'anmenwasthemostimportantpassage.ItwasthisgatethattheEmperorandhisretinuewouldgothroughontheirwaytothealtarsforritualandreligiousactivities.OntheWestsideofTian'anmenstandsZhongshanPark(Dr.SunYat—sen'sPark)，andontheeastside，theWorkingPeople'sCulturalPalace.TheParkwasformerlycalledShejitan(AltarofLandandGrain)，builtin1420forofferingsacrificialitemstotheGodofLand.Itwasopenedtothepublicasaparkin1914anditsnamewaschangedin1928tothepresentoneinmemoryofthegreatpioneeroftheChineseDemocraticRevolution.TheWorkingPeople'sCulturalPalaceusedtobeTaimiao(theSupremeAncestralTemple)，wheretabletsofthedeceaseddynasticrulerswerekept.ThestreaminfrontofTian'anmeniscalledWaijinshuihe(OuterGoldenRiver)，withsevenmarblebridgesspanningoverit.Ofthesesevenbridges，historicalrecordssaythemiddleonewasfortheexclusiveuseoftheemperorandwasaccordinglycalledYuluqiao(ImperialBridge)。　　ThebridgesflankingitoneithersideweremeantforthemembersoftheroyalfamilyandwerethereforecalledWanggongqiao(Royal'sBridges)。FartherawayoneachsideofthetwowerebridgesforofficialsrankingabovethethirdorderandwerenamedPinjiqiao(ministerialBridges)。TheremainingtwobridgeswerefortheusebytheretinuebelowthethirdorderandwerecalledGongshengqiao(commonBridges)。TheyaretheoneinfrontoftheSupremeAncestralTempletotheeastandtheoneinfrontoftheAltaroflandandGraintothewest.ThetwostonelionsbytheGateofTian'anmen，oneoneachsideweremeantassentries.Theygazetowardthemiddleaxis，guardingtheemperor'swalkway.InfrontofthegatestandsapairofmarblecolumnscalledHuabiao.Theyareelaboratelycutinbas—relieffollowingthepatternofalegendarydragon.Behindthegatestandsanotherpairofsimilarcolumns.ThestoryofHuabiaomaybetracedtoacoupleofsources.OneoftheversionsaccreditsitsinventiontooneoftheChinesesagekingsnamedYao，whowassaidtohavesetupawoodenpillarinordertoallowtheordinarypeopletoexposeevil—doers，henceitwasoriginallycalledaslanderpillar.Lateritwasreducedtoasignpost，andnowitservesasanornament.Thebeastsittingonthetopofthecolumniscalled"hou"，alegendaryanimal，whichissaidtohavebeenawatcherofanemperor'sbehaviour.Hewasdoingsuchdutiesaswarningtheemperoragainststayingtoolongoutsidethepalaceorindulginginpleasureandurginghimtogotothepeoplefortheircomplaintsorreturninduetime.Therefore，thetwopairsofbeastsweregiventhenames"Wangjunhui"(Expectingtheemperor'scomingback)and"wangjunchu"(Expectingtheemperor'sgoingout)respectively。　　北京英文导游词三：　　iampleasedtoserveasyourguidetoday.　　thisisthepalacemuseum;alsoknowasthepurpleforbiddencity.itisthelargestandmostwellreservedimperialresidenceinchinatoday.undermingemperoryongle,constructionbeganin1406.ittook14yearstobuildtheforbiddencity.thefirstrulerwhoactuallylivedherewasmingemperorzhudi.forfivecenturiesthereafter,itcontinuedtobetheresidenceof23successiveemperorsuntil1911whenqingemperorpuyiwasforcedtoabdicatethethrone.in,theunitednationseducational,scientificandculturalorganizationrecognizedtheforbiddencitywasaworldculturallegacy.　　itisbelievedthatthepalacemuseum,orzijincheng(purpleforbiddencity),gotitsnamefromastronomyfolklore,theancientastronomersdividedtheconstellationsintogroupsandcenteredthemaroundtheziweiyuan(northstar).theconstellationcontainingthenorthstarwascalledtheconstellationofheavenlygodandstaritselfwascalledthepurplepalace.becausetheemperorwassupposedlythesonoftheheavenlygods,hiscentralanddominantpositionwouldbefurtherhighlightedtheuseofthewordpurpleinthenameofhisresidence.infolklore,theterm”aneasternpurplecloudisdrifting”becameametaphorforauspiciouseventsafterapurplecloudwasseendriftingeastwardimmediatelybeforethearrivalofanancientphilosopher,laozi,tothehanghupass.here,purpleisassociatedwithauspiciousdevelopments.thewordjin(forbidden)isself—explanatoryastheimperialpalacewasheavilyguardedandoff—explanatoryastheimperialpalacewasheavilyguardedandoff—limitstoordinarypeople.　　theredandyellowusedonthepalacewallsandroofsarealsosymbolic.redrepresentshappiness,goodfortuneandwealth.yellowisthecoloroftheearthontheloessplateau,theoriginalhomeofthechinesepeople.yellowbecameanimperialcolorduringthetangdynasty,whenonlymembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowedtowearitanduseitintheirarchitecture.　　theforbiddencityisrectangularinshape.itis960meterslongfromnorthtosouthand750meterwidefromeastwest.ithas9,900roomsunderatotalroofarea150,000squaremeters.a52—meter—wide—moatencirclesa9.9—meter—highwallwhichenclosesthecomplex.octagon—shapedturretsrestonthefourcornersofthewall.therearefourentrancesintothecity:themeridiangatetothesouth,theshenwugate(gateofmilitaryprowess)tothenorth,andthexihuagate(gateofmilitaryprowess)tothenorth,andthexihuagate(westernflowerygate)tothewest,thedonghua(easternflowerygate)totheeast.　　manpowerandmaterialsthroughoutthecountrywereusedtobuildtheforbiddencity.atotalof230,000artisansandonemillionlaborerswereemployed.marblewasquarriedfromfangshancountrymountpaninjixiancountyinhebeiprovince.granitewasquarriedinquyangcountyinhebeiprovince.pavingblockswerefiredinkilnsinsuzhouinsouthernchina.bricksandscarletpigmentationusedonthepalatialwallscamefromlinqinginshandongprovince.timberwascut,processedandhauledfromthenorthwesternandsouthernregions.　　thestructureinfrontofusisthemeridiangate.itisthemainentrancetotheforbiddencity.itisalsoknowsaswufenglou(five—phoenixtower).mingemperorsheldlavishbanquetshereonthe15thdayofthefirstmonthofthechineselunaryearinhornoroftheircounties.theyalsousedthisplaceforpunishingofficalsbyfloggingthemwithsticks.　　qingemperorsusedthisbuildingtoannouncethebeginningofthenewyear.qingemperorqianglongchangedtheoriginalnameofthisannouncementceremonyfrombanli(announcementofcalendar)tobanshou(announcementofnewmoon)toavoidcoincidentalassociationwithanotheremperor`sname,hongli,whichwasconsideredatabooatthattime.qingdynastyemperorsalsousedthisplacetoholdaudienceandforotherimportantceremonies.forexample,whentheimperialarmyreturnedvictoriouslyfromthebattlefield,itwasherethattheemperorpresidedovertheceremonytoacceptprisonersofwar.　　(afterenteringthemeridiangateandstandinginfrontofthefivemarblebridgesongoldenwaterriver)　　nowweareinsidetheforbiddencity.beforewestartourtour,iwouldliketobrieflyintroduceyoutothearchitecturalpatternsbefourus.tocompletethissolemn,magnificentandpalatialcomplex,avarietyofbuildingswerearrangedonanorth—southaxis,and8—kilometer—longinvisiblelinethathasbecomeaninseparablepartofthecityofbeijing.theforbiddencitycoversroughlyone–thirdofthiscentralaxis.mostoftheimportantbuildingintheforbiddencitywereearrangedalongthisline.thedesignandarrangementofthepalacesreflectthesolemndignityoftheroyalcourtandrigidly–stratifiedfeudalsystem.　　theforbiddencityisdividedintoanouterandaninnercount.wearenowstandingonthesouthernmostpartoftheoutercount.infrontofusliesthegateofsupremeharmony.thegateisguardedbyapairofbronzelions,symbolizingimperialpoweranddignity.thelionswerethemostexquisiteandbiggestofitskind.theoneontheeastplayingwithaballisamale,andballissaidtorepresentstateunity.theotheroneisafemale.underneathoneofitsforeclawsisacubthatisconsideredtobeasymbolofperpetualimperialsuccession.thewindingbrookbeforeusisthegoldenwaterriver.itfunctionsbothasdecorationandfirecontrol.thefivebridgesspanningtheriverrepresentthefivevirtuespreachedbyconfucius:benevolence,righteousness,rites,intellenceandfidelity.therivertakestheshapeofabowandthenorth—southaxisisitsarrow.thiswasmeanttoshowthattheemperorsruledthecountryonbehalfofgod.