《BeijingOpera京剧》PPT课件讲义

Itisapplicabletoworkreport,lectureandteachingBeijingOpera京剧BeijingOperaPart1:TheoriginofBeijingoperaPart2:TheprofessionandartisticformPart3:facialmakeupandcostumesPart4:FamouscharactersandcomparisonPart5:conclusioncontentsTheoriginofBeijingoperaAncientChineseOperaoriginatedinQingandHanDynasty,whichcamefromtraditionalsongsanddances,suchastheNuoplay(傩戏)andCommunity‘sFire(社火).DramaformedmaturedinYuanDynastyandYuanZajuisasignofmaturityofChineseclassicaldrama.DouEYuan,byGuanHanQing,isoneoftherepresentativesofYuanZaju.In1790s,fourwell-knownoperagroupsfromAnhuiprovinceheadedtoBeijingtocelebrate80thbirthdayoftheQianlongEmperorandthenAnhuiOpera(徽剧)integrated(整合)withShanxiOpera(秦腔)andKunquOpera(昆剧)TheyarenamedSanqing(三庆班)Sixi(四喜班)Hechun(和春班)andChuntai(春台班)In1828,someoperagroupsfromHubeiprovincearrivedinBeijingandthentheErhuang(二黄)TonemergedwithXipi(西皮)ToneofHubeiforminganewtypeofmusiccalledPihuang(皮黄)ThegroupsfromAnhuiprovinceandHubeiprovincealwaysactedinthesamestage.Gradually,anewoperawithBeijingdialect(方言)pronunciationwasborn.TheprofessionofBeijingoperaMaleRole(Sheng)生生旦净丑FemaleRole(Dan)旦PaintedFaceMale(Jing)净ComedyActororClown（小丑）(Chou)丑 MainRolesinBeijingOperaShengMaleroles:middle-agedoroldmen(老生)(2)youngmen(小生)(3)menwithmartial(军事的；战争的）skills(武生)Shenginchinesemaymeans“strange”or“rare”,butthemosttabooinactingis“sheng”.Thereasonbythatnameofshengistoaskedactorssophistication(成熟老练，老于世故).SothechiefmaleroleisawellknowncharacterThelaoshengisdignified(庄严地；高贵的）olderrole.Thesecharactershaveagentleandcultivated（有教养的）disposition（性情）andwearsensible（明智的）costumesLaoshengXiaoshengYoungmalecharactersareknownasxiaosheng.Thesecharacterssinginahigh,shrill(尖锐的）voicewithoccasionalbreakstorepresentthevoicechangingperiodofadolescence（青春期）WushengThewushengisamartialcharacterforrolesinvolvingcombat(战斗）.Theyarehighlytrainedinacrobatics（杂技）,andhaveanaturalvoicewhensingingDanfemaleroles:(1)awomanwithastrictmoralcode（道德准则）(青衣)(2)Younggirl(花旦)(3)anelderlywoman（大龄女人）(老旦)TheDanreferstoanyfemaleroleinBeijingOpera.Oldwomenwereplayedbylaodan.Martialwomenwerewudan.youngfemalewarriorsweredaomadan.virtuous(贞洁的)andelitewomenwereqingyi,andvivacious(活泼的)andunmarriedwomenwerehuadanWudanLaodanDaomadanHuadanQingyiDan,whichmeans“morning”or“masculine”(阳性的），iscontrarytothefeminine(阴性的）natureofthecharacters.Womenbelongtofeminine.Sotheoppositemeaningsis“Dan”Jingpaintedface:categories(派别)ofleading(正净)(2)assisting(副净)(3)militaryjing(武净)Itischaracterizedbysinging(唱)Itischaracterizedbyacting(做)Itfeaturesacrobatics(杂技)andstunts(打)ChouClown(丑角):（1）gentlecomedian(文丑)（2）militarycomedian(武丑)（3）femalecomedian(女丑)Chouhasthemeaning"ugly".Thisreflectsthetraditionalbeliefthattheclown'scombinationofuglinessandlaughtercoulddriveawayevilspirits.WenChou,civilianrolessuchasmerchants（商人）andjailers.WuChou,minormilitaryroles.TheWuChouisoneofthemostdemandinginPekingoperabecauseofitscombinationofcomicacting,acrobaticsandastrongvoice.TheartisticformofBeijingoperaBeijingOperaisacomprehensiveperformingarts.Thataresing,read,doandfight.SingandReadmakeupthe"song",oneofthetwoelementsfortheperformingartsDoandFightmakeupanotherbigfactor"dance"TheSingsingingisgoodatusingvocalskillstoexpressthecharacter'spersonality,emotionalandmentalstateTheRead“read”meansNianBai,cooperatewithsingandcomplementeachother,alsotheimportantartmeansofcharactersthoughtsandfeelingsTheFight“Fight”generaldividedinto“Handlework"and“Blanketwork“anditalsoreferstosomehardskills“Do”generallyreferstotheformofdancemovementsandisoneofthemainsignofdrama.TheDofacialmakeupFacialmakeup(脸谱)originatesfrommasksofsacrifice（祭祀）.ThefacialmakeupcanSuggestedcharacter,introducecharacteristicanddistinguish(区分)betweengoodevilbeautyandugliness.reddenotesuprightness(正直)andloyalty(忠诚)Whiterepresentsevilorcraftycharacters.blackisgiventocharactersofsoundnessandintegrity(正直).Yellowrepresentsferocious(凶恶)orsinistercharacters.BlueandGreenrepresentneutralcharacterespeciallyforoutlawsofthemarshesGoldandsilver(银色)aregiventocharacterofmysteryespeciallyforghostsandgods.CostumeofBeijingoperaCOSTUME:1、Thefirstclothing2、Thesecondclothing3、ThethirdclothingThefirstclothingClassify:Python(大蟒)ImprovepythonFlagofpythonOfficerdressImproveofficerdressLearnpettyofficerdressThejudgeclothescranecloakandCape……PythonImprovepythonOfficerdressImproveofficerdressThejudgeclothescranecloakandCapeThemagistrate(地方官)maywearanofficerdresswhenthereisperformanceoflocalofficialsTheemperor,officialsperformancegentlemenarecommonlyusedinclothingleisuretime:Cape,opencloakandpleatsForfemalecourtofficials,mainlyclothing,suchasthequeenwife:femalepython,femaleofficerdresstemple,etc.Toshapewomen'swife,miss,maids,andpovertyofwomengarmenthas:femaleCape,,skirts,pants,jacket,etc.ThesecondclothingDependImprovedependArrowclothesJacketHoldclothingGreentunicTeagarmentsleeveDependImprovedependArrowclothesJacketHoldclothingGreentunicTeagarmentsleeveCommonlyknowntwokinds.filmclasshardclassThethirdclothingWaterjacket:Theworkclothesprovidedbytheactor,andwithoutprejudice(偏见)totheprotectionofthecoatandthetwooftheclothesintheperformance(fromtheweather,orexcessivesweating).filmclassFatcoat:Mainportray(描绘)differentcharactershaveahealthysoulbody,whichissimilartothefunctionofshoulderpads.Coloredtrousers:Coloredtrouserscanroughlybedividedintothreekindsofnames,namelyredcoloredtrousers,blackcolorpants,variegated(杂色的)colorpants.Collar:Becauseoftheclothingstyle,twoclothesaremostlyT-shirtsinordertomakethecharactersoftheperfectshape,intheshownotdewneck.Thereforeinfrontofthedressactorstotakeonaneckcollar.Socks:(clothsocks)Itistwokindsofstyle,thewaisthighsocks,designedforblessingshoe,wearthesoapshoescharacterwears,secondwaistshortsocks,designedforDanwearcoloredshoesuse.Thickbottom:thebottomthicknessisbasedonactorheightoractorsperforminglevel,NorthKorea:itisspecialmadeforWenChou,aboutoneinchthick.Character:theoldshoeciviliancommonlayershoe,shortsidebottomthicknessofaninch.hardclassClimbcloudshoe:maleimmortalcharacterscommonlyused,shortsidebottomthicknessistwoinch,twoinchfive.Soapshoes:FortheslaveThinbottom:malemartialartsactorofuniversal.Coloredshoes:itisacommonuseforwomen.Colorthinbottom:thinbottomisafemalemartialartsactorofuniversal.ThefamouscharactersofPekingoperaMeiLanfang(October22,1894–August8,1961)wasoneofthemostfamousPekingoperaartistsinmodernhistory,exclusively(专门地)knownforhisQingyiroles.MeiwasborninBeijingin1894intoafamilyofPekingoperaandKunquperformersofTaizhou,Jiangsuancestry.Hemadehisstagedebutin1904whenhewas10yearsold.MeiplayedanimportantpartintheperformancetraditionofKunqu,notedparticularlyforhisinterpretationsofDuLiniangandBáiSùzhēnandBeautyYu.WangPeiyuwasborninSuzhouatMarch4,1978,sheisafamousfemalelaosheng.In1992,shewasadmittedtotheShanghaiOperaSchoolRepresentativeworks:《失空斩》《搜孤救孤》《捉放曹》《文昭关》《击鼓骂曹》ThecomparisonbetweeneastandwestaboutoperaWestpartOperastartedinItalyattheendofthe16thcenturyandsoonspreadthroughtherestofEurope.Operaseriawaselevatedintoneandhighlystylisedinform.EastpartPerformingtroupesoftenhaveseveralofeachvariety,aswellasnumeroussecondaryandtertiary(第三的)performers.Withtheirelaborate(精巧的)andcolorfulcostumes,performersaretheonlyfocalpointsonPekingopera‘scharacteristicallysparse（稀少的）stage.ConclusionWords:Integrate[ˈɪntɪgreɪt]Dialect[ˈdaɪəlekt]Martial[ˈmɑ:ʃl]Sophistication[səˌfɪstɪˈkeɪʃn]Dignified[ˈdɪgnɪfaɪd]Cultivate[ˈkʌltɪveɪt]Disposition[ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn]Portray[pɔ:ˈtreɪ]adj.庄严的; 高贵的n.方言，土语; 语调使整合; 使完整vt. vt.耕作，种植; 教养n.性情，性格; 意向，倾向adj.军事的; 战争的; 尚武的vt.描绘; 描述; 画像; 描画n.老练，精明; 强词夺理Sensible[ˈsensəbl]Shrill[ʃrɪl]Adolescence[ˌædəuˈlesəns]Combat[ˈkɔmbət]Acrobatics[ˌækrəˈbætɪks]elderlywomanSparse[spɑ:s]Category[ˈkætiɡəri]adj.尖锐的;  刺耳的adj.明智的;  合乎情理的vt.与…战斗;  与…斗争n.青春期;  青年期adj.稀疏的;  稀少的n.类型;部门;种类n.杂技;  杂技艺术大龄女人