9AU2grammar (3)

ObjectClauses宾语从句什么是宾语从句宾语从句的连接词宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态宾语从句三要素什么是宾语Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。我们知道姚明WeknowYaoMing．我们知道他打篮球很好。Weknow宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。一什么是宾语从句？试比较宾o宾o主s谓vhecanplaybasketballwell.主s谓v宾othat连接词我们知道他打篮球很好。谓v主sDoyouknowthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员)?DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut?Pleasetellmewhereshehasgone.Pleasetellmetheanswers.FindouttheObjectClausesyesnoyesno常见的宾语从句有哪些？1.宾语从句常被放在一些动词的后面，由that来引导。Iknowthat…Ithinkthat…Ibelievethat…Ihopethat…Imeanthat…Mostpeoplebelievethatlightcoloursarebetterthandarksones.Shehopesthatyellowcanbringhersuccess.e.g.I’mafraidthathecan’tcome．恐怕他不能来了。Sheissurethatyellowcanbringhergoodluck.Iamcertainthatshewillacceptmyadvice.这类形容词多 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示感情，如happy,glad,pleased,sad,sure,afraid,certain等等。2.宾语从句常被放在由“连系动词＋形容词”构成的“系表”结构后，由that引导。疑问2：that是不是必须存在？“Iamfeelingblue”means(that)“Iamfeelingsad”.在非正式英语和口语中，that可以省略。疑问1：that在宾语从句中作何理解？只起连接主、从句的作用，它本身无意义。SandyischattingonlinewithMillieaboutroomcolours.Trytoaddthattoeachobjectclause.Millie:Didyouknowthereisarelationshipbetweencoloursandmoods?Sandy:Certainly.Ithinkcoloursinfluenceoureverydaylivesinmanyways.thatthatn.关系adv.必定地adj.每天的；日常的Millie:Howshouldwechoosethecoloursfortheroomsofahouse?Sandy:Mostpeoplethinklightcoloursarebetterthandarkones.Millie:Yes.Inoticelightcoloursmakeroomsseemlarger.thatthatSandy:Sure.Ialsoknowbulecanmakeusfeelrelaxed.Millie:Yes.Mymumsaysblueissuitableforbedrooms.Ialsofindsomepeoplepreferorangefortheirdiningrooms.thatthatthatSandy:True,butitdependsonpersonaltaste.Anyway,weshouldchoosethecolourwhichmakesusfeelcomfortable.adj.个人的；私人的疑问3：是不是宾语从句只能用that引导？if/whether是否什么时候用that或if/whether？一般疑问句做宾语用if/whether引导我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接IaskDoeshewanttogoswimming?hewantstogoswimmingIf/whetherIask结论：if和whether后连接的句子通常由一般疑问句变化而来，带有疑问的含义，即对某事不确定。所以前面的谓语动词多为ask,see,wonder,findout,don’tknow,can’tdecide…Youmaywonder…Cancoloursinfluenceourmoods?请选择合适的引导词将两句合二为一。Youmaywonderif/whetherinfluenceourmoods.cancolourscolourscan注意：无论是that还是if/whether引导，宾语从句都要使用陈述句语序。即：连接词（引导词）+主语+谓语动词WillSandycometomybirthdayparty?Idon’tknow__________________________.3.Isthisdeskmadeofwood?Amyisasking______________________.4.Doblackclothessuitme?Sandyisnotsure____________________________.2.WillSandycometomybirthdayparty?Lucydoesn’tknow______________________________.5.Doestheblackdresssuitme?Sandyisnotsure____________________________.Sandywillcometomyparty.whether/ifwhether/ifSandywillcometoherbirthdayparty.whether/ifthisdeskismadeofwoodwhether/ifblackclothessuitherwhether/iftheblackdresssuitsher注意：人称要保持一致。注意：do,does,did开头的一般疑问句不用挪回原句，但是后面动词要做相应变化。。FinishtheexercisesonP27.TheClass1,Grade9studentsareshopping.Completethesentencesbyusingiforwhethertomakeobjectclauses.1.Kittycannotdecide______________________________________________sheshouldchoosethereddress.ShouldIchoosethereddress?if/whether2.Sandydoesn’tknow____________________________________________whiteclothessuither.Dowhiteclothessuitme?vt.适合if/whether3.Amyisasking_________________________________________________thesportsbagismadeofcotton.Isthesportsbagmadeofcotton?if/whether4.Simonisnotsure______________________________________________thegreenT-shirtmatcheshistrousers.DoesthegreenT-shirtmatchmytrousers?if/whether5.Danieloftenwonders_____________________________________________________________________________heshouldstayathomeinsteadofgoingshoppingwithhisclassmates.ShouldIstayathomeinsteadofgoingshoppingwithmyclassmates?if/whetherDanielwantstotellhisonlinefriendTommyaboutcolours.Helphimcompletehisemailusingthat,iforwhether.DearTommy,Haveyouevernoticedthecoloursaroundyou?Coloursarereallyinteresting.Areportsays(1)_____bluecanhelpusfeelrelaxedbecauseitrepresentspeace.Youmaywonder(2)__________itrepresentsanythingelse.Yes.Bluealsomeanssadness.Idonotknow(3)___________youlikegreen.thatif/whetherif/whetherSomepeoplethink(4)____greencangiveusenergy,butitalsorepresentsenvy.Didyouknow(5)____redrepresentsgoodluckinChina?Itisoftenusedforcelebrations!Pleasetellmeyourfavouritecolourand(6)___________youknowanythingelseaboutcolours.Writebacksoon.Bestwishes,Danielthatthatif/whethern.庆祝1.Dadknowsalotaboutcolours.2.Isredjustthecolourofheatandpower?3.WasyellowoncethecolouroftherulersinancientChina?4.DidtherulersinancientEuropeliketowearpurple?5.Doallthedoctorsintheworldwearwhiteuniforms?adj.古代的Ibelieve(1)____________________________.Iwonder(2)_________________________________________________________________.Iwanttoknow(3)__________________________________________________________.Idonotknow(4)___________________________________________________________.Iamnotcertain(5)_______________________________________________________.if/whetherredisjustthecolourofheatandpowerthatDadknowsalotaboutcoloursif/whetheryellowwasoncethecolouroftherulersinancientChinaif/whethertherulersinancientEuropelikedtowearpurpleif/whetherallthedoctorsintheworldwearwhiteuniformsIf与whether的区别Idon’tknow______hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek._______hewillcomeisnotdecided.与ornot连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherif/whether可互换,但是有时只能用whether,不能用if特殊疑问句做宾语Whichcoatdidyoulikebest?Iwonderwhichcoatyoulikebest.用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？Whichtiedoyoulikebest？特殊疑问句变成陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身IwonderIwonderATTENTIONwhichtieyoulikebest?当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.SimonsaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)Finishofftheexercisesinworkbook.二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态语序Doyouthinkbluecanbringpeacetoourmindandbody?Ithinkthatbluecanbringpeacetoourmindandbody.Colourscaninfluenceourmoods.Colourscanmakeusfeelhappyorsad,energeticorsleepy.Manywomenliketowearwhiteontheirweddingday.Doyouagreeordisagree?Iknowthat…Idon’tthat…Somepeoplebelievethatcolourscaninfluenceourmoods.Shehopesthatyellowcanbringhersuccess.Anobjectclausefunctionsastheobjectofasentence.Itcanbeputafterverbssuchasknow,think,believe,hopeandmean.Heisgladthatthewallsinhisroomareblue.Sheissurethatyellowcanbringhergoodluck.Anobjectclausecanalsofollowadjectivessuchascertain,sureandglad.Ithink(that)blueisbetterthanpink.“Iamfeelingblue”means(that)“Iamfeelingsad”.Didyouthink(that)yourfavouritecolourmatchesyourcharacteristics?IninformalEnglishweoftendropthat.宾语从句是指一个句子充当宾语，在主句与从句之间有一个引导词。今天，我们就谈谈连接词that引导的宾语从句。请同学们关注以下几点：连词that引导宾语从句，只起连接主、从句的作用，它本身无意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。e.g.Hesays(that)heisaYoungPioneer.他说他是个少先队员。一、引导词本身的省略与不省略1.可以省略2.不可以省略从句的主语是that时，that不省略。e.g.Weknowthatthatisaninterestingstory．我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。二、何时使用that引导的宾语从句that引导的宾语从句，表示陈述一件事，即由陈述句转化而来。e.g.Hesays(that)heislisteningtotheweatherreport．他说他正在听天气预报。1.主句的谓语动词是think,hear,hope,wish,remember,forget,know,say,guess等时，常接that引导的宾语从句。e.g.Ihope(that)hewillbefinesoon．我希望他很快好起来。三、that引导的宾语从句相关的内容1.语序不论什么情况下，宾语从句都要用陈述语序，即“主语＋谓语＋其它”。e.g.Doyouthink(that)theradioistoonoisy?你认为收音机太吵吗？2.时态that引导的宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句可以用符合句意要求的任一时态。e.g.Hesays(that)theyhavereturnedalready.他说他们已经回来了。如果主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态的某种形式（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。e.g.Hesaid(that)heboughtanewdictionary.他说他买了本新词典。[注]如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、格言、谚语等等，尽管主句用一般过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。e.g.Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.我们老师告诉我们，光比声音传播得快。Youmaywonderif/whethercoloursinfluenceourmoods.Sandyasksif/whetherorangecancheerherup.Weuseiforwhethertointroduceanobjectclausethatexpressesayes/noquestion.Suchanobjectclauseoftenfollowsverbssuchasask,see,wonderandfindout.Thewordorderintheclauseshouldbethesameasthatinastatement.whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。其语序必须是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。e.g.Askhimwhether/ifhecancome.问下他是否能来。但在有些情况下，whether和if的用法有一定区别。whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用，而if一般不能。如：正：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.误：Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。如：正：Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.误：Ifitistrueornot,Ican’ttell.3.whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。如：正：Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.误：Idon’tknowiftoacceptorrefuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if不能。如：正：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.误：IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.5.whether可以引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。如：正：Itwasuncertainwhetherhewouldcome.误：Itwasuncertainifhewouldcome.Danielhassomequestionsaboutcolourstoaskhisdad,buthisdadhasnotcomehomeyet.Helphimwriteanoteforhisdad.2.Anobjectclausecanalsofollowadjectivessuchascertain,sureandglad.IninformalEnglishweoftendropthat.Anobjectclausefunctionsastheobjectasentence.Itcanbeputafterverbssuchasknow,think,believe,hopeandmean.3.Weuseiforwhethertointroduceanobjectclausewhenitexpressesayes/noquestion.Suchanobjectclauseoftenfollowsverbssuchasask,see,wonderandfindout.Thewordorderintheclauseshouldbethesameasthatinastatement.一、根据首字母或中文提示写单词。1.Ihadverylittlecontactwithteenagersinmye___________life.2.Therewasa___________(庆祝活动)inthatshoppingmallthatnight.3.Thesea________weaponsareallcastoutofbronze(青铜).4.Thinkitoverandletmeknow________(是否)youagreewithme.verydaycelebrationncientwhether—Howlongdoesittaketogettotheairport?—Fortyminutes.Butit’sfoggytoday.I’mnotsure_______thehighwaywillclosesoon.Let’ssetoffearlier.A.whetherB.whenC.howD.why二、选择 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。2.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesun＿＿＿＿round.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are3.Ibelievethatourteam＿＿＿＿thebasketballmatch.A.winB.wonC.willwinD.wins4.Idon’tknow＿＿＿＿tovisittheoldman.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.who5.Shewantedtoknow_____hermotherlikedthepresent.A.whichB.thatC.ifD.what6.Doyouknowif______backnextweek?Ifhe______back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.willhecome,willcomeFinishofftheexercisesinworkbook.