初中时态归纳

ThismanuscriptwasrevisedbytheofficeonDecember22,2012初中时态归纳初中时态用法汇总一、构成1、一般现在时：Dodoesamisare2、一般过去时：Didwaswere3、一般将来时：Will/shalldo、begoingtodoWill/shallbe、begoingtobe4、现在进行时：Am/is/aredoing5、过去进行时：Was/weredoing6、现在完成时：Have/hasdoneHave/hasbeen二、各种时态的基本用法1、一般现在时：.经常性或习惯性的动作；表示现阶段的状态。2、一般过去时：表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。3、一般将来时：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。4、现在进行时：表示现在（说话时）或现阶段正在进行的动作。5、过去进行时：表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。6、现在完成时：1).表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2）表示过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。三、各种时态的特殊用法1、一般现在时：1).客观事实或真理。　此用法出现在宾语从句中，主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等3).在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来。4）here和there开头的倒装句用一般现在时表示进行例：Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell!5）按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作用一般现在时表示将来。如火车或飞机2、一般过去时表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。3、一般将来时1）、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。例：I’llcomeandseeyoueverySaturdaynextyear.明年我将每个星期六来看你。2）shall用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中。3）begoingtodosthA、表示主观上的计划、打算。B、有某种迹象表明的（乌云—下雨）4）willdosthA、表示客观上将要发生的动作（太阳升起）B、表示“意愿”C、时间或条件状语从句中（主将从现，主将用will）D、表示“请求”willyou(please)dosth?5)现在进行时表示将来A、趋向性动词：comegoleavefly------B、最近按照计划或安排将要进行的动作6）be+todosth表示将来Mydreamistobeascientist7）按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作用一般现在时表示将来。如火车或飞机8）在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来4、现在进行时1).表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但说话时不一定正在进行。　例：Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.　（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）2）现在进行时表示将来A、趋向性动词：comegoleavefly，start，arrive、------B、最近按照计划或安排将要进行的动作3）表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，常与always连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。5、过去进行时1).用于when，while引导的时间状语从句中。　例：Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.　　Whilehewaswaitingatthebusstop，thetrafficaccidenthappened.（While后的分句必须用进行时）　WhileIwasreading，mysisterwassleeping.（表示对比，都用进行时）2)过去进行时往往是表示背景。6、现在完成时1).表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事。　例：WehavebeentotheSummerPalacetwice.2)常见延续性动词和非延续性动词之间的转换leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,open---open,close---closed,fallill---beill,getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,wakeup---beawak,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout，puton→wear；catchacold→haveacold等。3）第二种用法：表示过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。在这种用法中谓语动词必须是延续性动词或者非延续性动词的否定形式。4）Itis+时间段+since从句（从句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词的过去式）四、时间状语1、一般现在时：1）常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。2）every----2、一般过去时yesterday，thedaybeforeyestereay,last----,------ago，theotherday，in1982等。inthepast,justnow.3、一般将来时tomorrow，tomorrowmorning，thedayaftertomorrow,nextweek（year，term…），in（twodays…），soon，4、现在进行时常和now，thesedays,Look！Listen！canyouseecan’tyousee或其他铺垫句连用。5、过去进行时then,atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,attenyesterday,或者描述事情发生的背景6、现在完成时第一种用法常与already,yet,ever,never,just，before等词连用。第二种用法常与for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句；in/duringthelast/past+时间段；sofar，recently；等连用。五、相似时态区别1、一般过去时和过去进行时2、一般过去时和现在完成时初中英语语法练习动词时态专项训练一、用所给词的适当形式填空：1．He______swimmingintherivereverydayinsummer.(go)2.It________youareright.(seem)3.Look,thechildren______basketballontheplayground.(play)4.He______totheradiowhenIcamein,(listen)5.Itisverycold.Ithinkit______.(rain)6.—Ineedsomepaper.—I______someforyou.(bring)7.Ican’tfindmypen.Who______it(take)8.Hesaidthathe______backinfiveminutes.(come)9.Ididn’tmeethim.He______whenIgotthere.(leave)10.I______mybike,soIhavetowalktoschool.(lose)11.He______downandbegantoreadhisnewspaper.(sit)12.Heisveryhungry.He_________anythingforthreedays.(noteat)13.I______withyouifIhavetime.(go)14.Wewillgotothecinemaifit______fine.(be)15.Iwilltellherthenewswhenshe______toseemenextweek.(come)16.“When______you______thecar”“In1998.”(buy)17.We______goodfriendssincewemetatschool.（be）18.What______you______atfiveyesterdayafternoon(do)19.Thebikeisnice.Howmuch______it______(cost)二、选择最佳答案填空（）1.We’llgoswimmingiftheweather______finetomorrow.A.isB.wasC.willbeD.isgoingtobe（）2.It______fiveyearssincehehasleftforBeijing.A.wasB.hasbeenC.isD.isgoingtobe（）3.Pleasedon’tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend______back.A.cameB.comesC.havecomeD.willcome（）4.Bytheendoflastyearhe______about1500Englishwords.A.learnsB.learnedC.waslearningD.hadlearned（）5.Listen!Someone______inthenextroom.A.criedB.cryingC.iscryingD.hascried（）6.Youmusttellhimthenewsassoonasyou______him.A.seeB.seesC.willseeD.isseeing（）7.Hetoldmethathe______toseeusthenextday.A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.wouldcome（）8.Wecan’tfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe______home.A.isgoingB.wentC.hascomeD.wouldcome（）9.Theteachertoldusthatthesun______biggerthantheearth.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe（）10.Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystation______A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe（）11.We______totheGreatWallseveraltimes.A.goB.weregoingC.havegoneD.havebeen（）12.Itseemedthattheoldman______forsomethingoverthere.A.looksB.lookedC.waslookingD.haslooked（）13.Hewassurethathe______hiswalletintheoffice.A.leftB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hasleft（）14.Youmuststudyhardifyou______wanttofailtheexam.A.won’tB.don’tC.haven’tD.hadn’t（）15.—I’mafraidyoucan’tsithere.—Sorry,I______know.A.don’tB.won’tC.can’tD.didn’t（）16.Asshe______thenewspaper,Granny______asleep.A.read,wasfallingB.fellC.wasreading,wasfallingD.read,fell（）17.—Jimisnotcomingtonight.—Buthe______!A.promises（许诺）B.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised（）18.—What’shername—I______.A.forgetB.forgotC.hadforgottenD.amforgetting三、动词时态能力综合测试（）1.Heoften______hisclothesonSundays.A.washingB.washesC.haswashedD.wash（）2.I’mChinese.Where______fromA.doyoucomeB.youarecomingC.youcomeD.areyoucoming（）3.May______toschool.A.neverwalksB.isneverwalkingC.walkneverD.neveriswalking（）4.Wewillstartassoonasourteacher______.A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.iscoming（）5.Howlongago______playingfootballA.haveyoustoppedB.hadyoustoppedC.didyoustopD.doyoustop（）6.It______hardwhenIleftmyhouse.A.israiningB.rainsC.wasrainingD.willrain（）7.Ithinkthisquestion______toanswer.A.easyB.iseasyC.waseasyD.willeasy（）8.Don’ttalksoloudly.Yourfather______.A.sleepsB.issleepingC.sleptD.hadslept（）9.Howmanypeopledoesthedoctorknowwho______ofthedisease(疾病)A.aredyingB.isdyingC.hasdiedD.dies（）10.I______myhomeworknow.A.finishB.finishedC.havefinishedD.hadfinished（）11.He______forthreeyears.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninthearmyC.joinedD.hasservedthearmy（）12.Hisgrandfather______forthirtyyears.A.diedB.wasdeadC.hasbeendeadD.hasdied（）13.I______frommybrotherforalongtime.A.nothaveheardB.havenotheardC.haveheardnotD.donothear（）14.Maths,oneofthemostimportantsubjects,______alwaysinterestedhim.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is（）15.—DidyourbrothergotoAmericalastyear—______.A.No,hedidnevergothereB.No,hehasnevergonehereC.No,heneverwasthereD.No,he’sneverbeenthere（）16.He______thatfactorysince1958.A.hasleftB.hasworkedinC.hasgonefromD.hascometo（）17.Ourteacher______toBeijingthreetimes.A.wentB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.hasbeen（）18.LastweekJohn______hisleg.A.feltandbrokenB.fellandbrokeC.feelsandbreaksD.fallenandbroken（）19.Jack______histhickcoatbecauseitwassnowing.A.putsonB.putonC.takesonD.tookon（）20.He______thepictureonthewall.A.hangedB.hungC.hashangedD.washanged（）21.Nextmonth______twentyfive.A.hasmysisterB.mysisterwillbeC.mysistershallhaveD.mysisterisgoingtobe（）22.You______heragaininafewweeks.A.willseeB.haveseenC.hadseenD.havebeenseen（）23.Bytheendoflasttermwe______Englishfortwoyears.A.havestudiedB.havebeenstudiedC.wouldstudiedD.hadstudied（）24.MrsBrown______inNewYorkforthreeyearsbeforeshewenttoLondon.A.livedB.hadlivedC.haslivedD.willlive（）25.Whenwearrived,thedinner______.A.alreadybeganB.hasalreadybegunC.hadalreadybegunD.wasjustbegun（）26.IwillgohomefortheholidayassoonasI______myexams.A.willfinishB.finishC.finishingD.finished（）27.When______,I’lltalktohim.A.doesPetercomeB.PeterwillcomeC.PetercomesD.canPetercome（）28.Mysister______toseeme.She’llbeheresoon.A.comesB.iscomingC.hadcomeD.came（）29.Theysaidthey______ouranswerthenextday.A.hadheardB.wouldhearofC.wouldhearD.willhear（）30.Theoldmansaidthatlight______fasterthansound.A.wentB.willgoC.travelsD.willtravel答案：一、1.　goes2.seems3.areplaying4.waslistening5.israining6.willbring7.took8.wouldcome9.hasleft10.lost11.sat12.hasn'teaten13.willgo14.is15.comes16.didbuy17.havebeen18.weredoing19.doescost二、1.A2.B3.B4.D5.C6.A7.D8.C9.A10.B11.D12.C13.C14.B15.A　　16.A　　17.　B　18.　A　三、1.B2.A3.A4.A5.C6.C7.B8.C9.A10.C11.B12.C13.B14.D15.D16.B17.D18.A19.B20.A21.B22.A23.B24.B25.C26.B27.C28.B29.C30.C动词时态练习1.Iwilltellhimassoonashe_____backA.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came2.Mary_____onshoeswhenshe____them.A.tries…buysB.tries…buiesC.trys…buysD.trys…buies3.Thegirloften______coldwhenshe______.A.cathcs…dancesB.catches…dancesC.catchs…danceesD.catches…dancee4._____he____himselfthereNo,Idon'tthinkso.A.Do…enjoyB.Does…enjoiesC.Does…enjoysD.Does…enjoy5._____yourteacher____fromthemveryoftenCertainly.A.Do…hearB.Does…hearC.Do…receiveD.receive6._____yourmother_____somecleaningonSundays?A.Does…doesB.Do…doesC.Does…doD.Do…do7._____Tom_____toworkhardtohelphisfamilyYes,he_____.A.Has…x…doesB.Has…x…doesC.Does…has…hasD.Does…have…does8.Whichteacher_____lessonstoyoueverydayA.does…givesB.does…giveC.do…giveD.gives9.Smithdoesnotgofishingonweekdays,_________,hedoes.A.doeshe…NoB.doeshe…YesC.doesn'the…NoD.doesn'the…Yes10.MrBlackoften_____fishingonSundays,_____heA.goes…doesn'tB.goes…isn'tC.doesn'tgo…doesD.doesn'tgo…is11.Heusually_____TVonSundayevening.A.watchB.watchesC.watchingD.iswatching12.We'llgotoplaywithsnowifit______tomorrow.A.snowB.snowsC.willsnowD.snowed13.NeitherInorhe______French.A.speakB.doesn'tspeakC.speaksD.doesn'tspeak14.Nobody______howtorunthismachines.A.knowB.haveknownC.knowsD.isknowing15.TheYoungPioneer_____waterfortheoldmaneveryday.A.carryB.bringC.takesD.carries16.Someare______intheriverandsomeare______games.A.swimming…playingB.swimming…plaiingC.swimming…IplayingD.swimming…plaing17.Look!Theboystudentsare_____footballwhilethegirlsare_____.A.playing…danceB.playing…dancingC.play…dancingD.play…dance18.He_____todohislessonsateighteveryevening.A.isbeginningB.isbeginningC.beginD.begins19._____he_____onwellwithhisfriendsthistermA.Does…getsB.Does…getC.Is…gettingD.Is…geting20.MrSmith_____shortstories,buthe____aTVplaythesedays.A.iswriting…iswritingB.iswriting…writesC.writes…iswritingD.writes…writes21.I_____tothecinema.I______thereeverySunday.A.go…goB.amgoing…goC.go…amgoingD.amgoing…amgoing22.Look,they______agoodtime,____theyA.have…doB.have…don'tC.arehaving…areD.arehaving…aren't23.You______aboutthefuturenow,______youA.don'tthink…don'tB.aren'tthinking…aren'tC.don'tthink…doD.aren'tthinking…are24.Shealways______somethingwhenevershe______.A.studied…playedB.studied…plaiedC..studied…plaiedD.studied…played25.Heoften_____lateintheforest.It_____meverymuch.,A.stayed…worriedB.staied…worriedC.stayed…worryedD.staied…worried26.I______thattheboy_____withnotearsinhiseyes.A.noticed…cryedB.noticed…criedC.noticed…criedD.noticed…cryed27.We_____thefloorand_____allthewindows.A.mopped…cleannedB.moped…cleanedC.mopped…cleanedD.moped…cleaned28.WhenI_____theChildren'sPalace,thechildren_____withjoy.A.visited…jumppedB.visited…jumpedC.visited…jumpedD.visited…jumpped29.______asportsmeetlastSundayYes,they______.A.Didtheyhave…didB.Didtheyhave…hadC.Hadthey…hadD.Hadthey…did30.____you_____outforawalkaftersupperYes,I______.A.Did…went…wentB.Did…go…wentC.Did…went…didD.Did…go…did31._____Jack_____onwithhisworkor______tohavearestA.Did…went…stoppedB.Did…go…stopC.Did…went…stopD.Did…go…stopped32.Yougavethematalktwodaysago,_____youYes,I______.A.did…didB.did…gaveC.didn't…didD.didn't…gave33.____yourbrother_____alettertoMyfather.A.Who…wroteB.What…wroteC.Whodid…writeD.Whatdid…write34.They_____abouttheTVnewstheninthesitting-room.Theyoften____suchtalksA.talked…hadB.talk…haveC.weretalking…hadD.aretalking…have35.He______somecookingatthattime,so_____me.A.did…heardB.did…didn'thearC.wasdoing…heardD.wasdoing…didn'thear36."_____youangrythen""They_toomuchnoise.”A.Are…weremakingB.Were…weremakingC.Are…madeD.Were…made37.ThistimeyesterdayJack_____his,bike.He_____TV.A.repaired…didn'twatchB.wasrepairing…watchedC.repaired…watchedD.wasrepairing…wasn'twatching38.We_____forTomattenlastSunday.Heoftenkeptus______.A.werewaiting…waitingB.werewaiting…waitC.waited…waitingD.waited…wait39.Whenyou_____atthedoor,I_____somewashing.A.knocked…didB.wasknocking…didC.knocked…wasdoingD.knock…amdoing40.Theboy_____EnglishontheradiowhenI_____hisdoor.A.learned…wasopeningB.waslearning…openedC.learned…openedD.islearning…open41.Whenthey______throughtheforest,abear_____atthem.A.walked…wascomingB.werewalking…cameC.weretalking…comesD.walk…iscoming42.Ayoungman_____herwhileshe_____herwork.A.watched…wasfinishingB.waswatching…finishedC.watched…finishedD.waswatching…wasfinishing43.Whilemother_____somewashing,I______akiteforKack.A.did…madeB.wasdoing…madeC.wasdoing…wasmakingD.did…wasmaking44.I_____myselfFrenchfrom7to9yesterdaymorning.I_____towork.A.wasteaching…didn'tgoB.taught…didn'tgoC.wasteaching…wentD.taught…went45.He_____amodelplanewhenIcametoseehim.A.makesB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.made46.I______aletteratninelastnight.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.iswriting47.Theteacher_____(give)usahistorylessonwhenTomwalkedintotheclassroom.A.gaveB.isgivingC.wasgivenD.wasgiving48.Therewillbeafootballmatchintwodays,thatis_______.A.lastSundayB.nextSundayC.everySundayD.thisSunday49.We______classmeetingthisNovember.A.hadB.haveC.willhaveD.arehaving50.He______inhisgardeneverymorningnextyear.A.willworkB.worksC.workedD.isworking51.Becareful.Thetrain______.A.willcomeB.C.comesD.iscoming52.Lookatthoseclouds.It_____soon,I'mafraid.A.isgoingtorainB.israiningC.willrainD.won'train53.Theradiosaysit______thedayaftertomorrow.A.isgoingtosnowB.issnowingC.willsnowD.snows54._____he_____someshoppingtomorrowafternoonA.Will…doesB.isgoingtodoC.is…doingD.Shall…do55.Whatday_____it______tomorrowWednesday.A.is…goingtobeB.will…beC.shall…beD.does…be56.Theboy_______sixteenyearsoldnextyear.A.isgoingtobeB.isgrowingtobeC.willbeD.is57._____you____meupatsix,pleaseA.Are…goingtowakeB.Are…wakingC.Will…wakeD.Do…wake58.Ifhe______tocollege,he_____alotmore.A.willgo…willlearnB.willgo…isgoingtolearnC.isgoing…isgoingtolearnD.goes…willlearn59.Whenshe_____nexttime,l______hereverything.A.isgoingtocome…shalltellB.willcome…shalltellC.comes…willtellD.come…willtell60.Whatday____it____tomorrowIt____Tuesday.A.is…goingtobe…isB.will…be…willC.is…goingtobe…isgoingD.willbe…willbe参考答案：1—5BABDB6—10CDDBA11—15BBCCD16—20CBDCC21-25BDDDA26—30BCBAD31—35BCCCD36—40BDACB41-45BDCAC46—50BDDCA51—55DACBB56—60CCDCD