初中主语从句讲解

精品文档精品文档PAGEPAGE8精品文档PAGE主语从句名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连词有：A.连词：that,whether,if（这三个词都不作从句的成分，同时，that无含义，而whether和if都表“是否”）B.疑问代词：who,whom,whose,what,whichC.疑问副词：when,where,why,how（一）主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的从句。1.that引导主语从句that引导主语从句时不同于其他的连词，既无词义也不作成分，只起单纯的连接作用，且通常不可以省。为了强调that引导的主语从句而置之于句首时，that不可省。①Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscarwasobvious.很明显司机不能控制住他的车了Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.她被选上让我们很高兴③Thathewillcomeiscertain.他要来已经千真万确了★通常，that引导主语从句时用it做形式主语，把从句置于句尾，此时that有时可省。例如：①Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.很明显司机不能控制住他Itmadeusveryhappythatshewaschosen.她被选上让我们很高兴③Itiscertainthathewillcome.他要来已经千真万确了★如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句，就只能用先行词it结构。例如：Isitcertainthathewillcome?Isittruethathewouldtaketherisk?▲it做形式主语有以下几种不同的结构：(1)It+be+形容词+that-从句①Itislikelythathewillcome.他可能会来②Itisstrangethatshehasevertrustedhim.她相信他，真令人奇怪(2)It+be+名词+that-从句Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.鲸鱼并不是鱼，这是常识It'sapitythatheshouldhave?catchedthetrain.(3)It+be+-ed分词+that从句Itissaidthatheisafamouswriter.据说他是个着名作家Itisreportedthattherewillbeastormthisafternoon.据报道下午将有一场暴风▲在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that从句中的谓语动词常用(should)do。（参见虚拟语气部分）Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beheldthisafternoon.会议被建议在下午举行Itisdemandedthathe(should)leaveatonce.他被要求立即离开(4)It+seem/happen/appear等不及物动词+that从句。Itseemsthatheiswrong.看起来似乎他错了Itappearsthattheyareinneedofhelp.看起来他们需要帮助2.whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。（置于句首时必须用whether引导，置于句尾时，间或可用if。）Whetherhewillwinthegameisnotclear.他是否会赢得比赛还不清楚。Whetherhewillcomeisuncertain.他是否会来还不确定Itisnotclearwhether/ifhewillcome.Itwasuncertainwhetherhewouldcome.连词代词what,who,which,whose等引导的主语从句。这些连接代词作用相当于代词，在从句中担当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。Whatweneedismoretime.我们需要的是更多时间Whowasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.谁应该对这场事故负责还不清楚。Whosebookitisnotimportant.这是谁的书并不重要。Whichschoolyouwanttogomattersmuch.你想去哪所学校很重要连接副词when,where,why,how引导的主语从句。这些连接副词相当于副词，在从句中充当状语。Whyhedidthisisnotknown.他为什么做这件事还不知道。Whenhewillcomeisstillunknown.他什么时候来还不知道。Itisnotknownwhyhedidthis.他为什么做这件事还不知道注意：wh-引导的主语从句也常用it作形式主语。也可用whatever,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever等词引导主语从句，表示“无论什么”、“无论谁”、“无论何时”、“无论在（到）哪里”等。Whateverhegaveyoushouldbehandedin.他无论给你什么都要上交Whoevertoldyouthatwaslying.无论谁告诉你，那都是撒谎Whoevercomesiswelcome.无论谁来都是欢迎的[参考答案]1-10CBACDDDCAA11-20CBDACBDBAC21-30BABBCBAA主语从句专项练习1.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever2.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for3.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotknown4.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate5.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.A.That⋯thatyouhadexpectedB.What⋯thatyouhadexpectedC.That⋯whatyouhadexpectedD.What⋯whatyouhadexpected6.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does7.It________Bobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat8.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how9.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which10.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what11.____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether12..____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where13._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who14._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That15.______hewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This16.______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What17.._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether18..Is_______truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek.A.thatB.itC.isD.he19.._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How20..________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who21.________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what22.Ithasnotbeendecided________theywillleaveforBeijing.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.why23.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If24.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How25.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what26.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That27.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped28.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where29．____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If30.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what