PAGE1PAGE1PAGE6教师寄语:Romanwasn’tbuiltoneday.(冰冻三尺非一日之寒。)第十四讲反义疑问句考点、热点回顾1. 反意疑问句的概念反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句,指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问疑问,用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或
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示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问句部分用否定式;陈述部分为否定式时,附加部分用肯定式(前肯后否或前否后肯)。如:He’slate,isn’the? 他迟到了,不是吗?Heisn’tlate,ishe? 他没有迟到,不是吗?反意疑问句的附加部分不管是肯定的,还是否定的,通常都可译为“是吗”“对吗”“是不是”“对不对”“不是吗”“不对吗”等。2. 反意疑问句的缩写问题当反意疑问句的附加部分为否定式时,习惯上只用缩写形式,不能分开来写。如:正:Youlovehimverymuch,don’tyou? 你很爱他,对不对?误:Youlovehimverymuch,donotyou? 你很爱他,对不对?3. 反意疑问句的主语问题反意疑问句部分的主语应与陈述部分主语一致,且只能是代词,不能是名词。如:误:JimlikesEnglishverymuch,doesn’tJim?正:JimlikesEnglishverymuch,doesn’the? 吉姆很喜欢英语,对吗?4.反义疑问句疑问句部分动词的使用疑问句部分动词的使用要根据陈述句而定.Be动词1.Youareanactor,____________?2.Sheisgoingtovisitme,___________?3.Itwasn’tfineyesterday,________?行为动词:1.Itoftenrainshere,___________?2.Youhaveaheadache,________?3.Icalledyouyesterday,_______?4.Itdoesn’trainhere,______?5.Youdidn’tcallmeyesterday,______?助动词/情态动词:1.YouwillgotoAmerica,___________?2.WehaveeverbeentoShanghai,________?3.Hehasn’tdonehishomework,_________?4.Youshouldtryyourbest,____________?5.反义疑问句的回答问题不管前句是肯定的还是否定的,回答时内容是肯定的,就用yes;反之,则用noItdidn’trainlastweek,___it?上周没下雨吧?是的,没下雨。No,itdidn’t.不,下雨了。Yes,itdid.Itwillraintomorrow,_____it?是的,会下雨。Yes,itwill.不,不会下雨。No,itwon’t.6.特殊形式(1).当陈述部分的主语是everybody,everyone,someone,nobody,noone,somebody等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用they,也可用he。如: SomebodyphonedwhileIwasout,____________? Everyoneenjoyedtheparty,____________? Nobodywantstogothere,doeshe? (2).当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything,nothing,anything,something时,附加疑问句中的主语一般用it,不用they。如: Everythingseemsallrightnow,____________? Nothingiskeptingoodorder,____________? (3.)当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或these,those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如: Thisisimportant,____________? Thatisn’tcorrect,____________?TheseareyourfriendsTomandJack,____________?(4).陈述部分有haveto+动词原形(hasto/hadto+v.),疑问部分常用don't+主语(doesn,t+主语或didn't+主语)。Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,____________?Shehastodoherhomework,____________?(5).如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you,在美国英语中,在非正式场合还可以用he。如: Onecan’tbetoocareful,____________? Oneshoulddohisduty,____________?(6).如果陈述部分用I’m…结构,附加疑问部分一般用aren’tI。如: Iamstrongandhealthyaren’tI? I’mlateagain,________?I’mnottheonlyonetocome,________? (7).当陈述句为therebe结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如: There’snohelpforit,____________? There’ssomethingwrong,____________? (8).陈述部分带有seldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,little,nowhere,nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如: Bobrarelygotdrunk,____________? Fewpeopleknowhim,____________? Sheseldomgoestothecinema,____________? 如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如: Hewasunsuccessful,____________? Tomdislikesthebook,____________?Itisimpossible,____________? (9).当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如: ShesaysthatIdidit,____________? Itoldthemnoteverybodycoulddoit,____________? 但当陈述部分的主语是I/we,谓语是think,believe,suppose,expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。 Isupposethathe’sserious,____________? Idon’tthinkshecares,____________? (10).当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如:XiaoLinhasbeenwritinglettersallafternoonbutheshouldfinishthemnow,shouldn’the? (11).在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分一般用willyou,won’tyou。如: Don’topenthedoor,willyou? Givemesomecigarettes,willyou? Takearest,willyou? 但是,以let’s开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shallwe;以letus开头的祈使句,疑问部分用willyou。如: Let’shaveabasketballmatchthisafternoon,shallwe? Letusgooutforarest,willyou? (12).当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustn’t。如: Youmustworkhardnextterm,mustn’tyou? Imustanswertheletter,mustn’tI? 但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如: Youmusthavemadeamistake,haven’tyou? Theymusthaveseenthefilmlastweek,didn’tthey? Hemustbeinthelibrary,isn’the? (13).当陈述部分含有情态动词usedto时,疑问部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如: Theoldmanusedtosmoke,didn’the?或usedn’the? Tomusedtolivehere,usedn’the?或didn’the? (14).当陈述部分带有情态动词oughtto时,疑问部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如: Heoughttoknowtheanswer,oughtn’the? Weoughttoreadthisbook,oughtn’twe?或shouldn’twe? (15).当陈述部分含有hadbetter时,疑问部分用had。 如:You’dbetterfinishyourhomeworknow,hadn’tyou?(16).陈述部分有wouldrather+动词原形,附加疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语。Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?(17).陈述部分有You'dliketo+动词原形,附加疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou? (18).感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如: Whatacleverboy,isn’the? Whatalovelyday,isn’tit? (19).陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it。如: Learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,doesn’tit? Betweensixandsevenwillsuityou,won’tit? Wheretoholdthemeetinghasnotbeendecided,hasit? (20).陈述句中的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时用may,且用肯定形式。如: IwishtohaveachancetolearnEnglish,mayI? (21).当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如: Youhaveanewbike,haven’tyou(或don’tyou)? Shedoesn’thaveanymoneyinherpocket,doesshe?(22).带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,附加疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语。Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?Hedarenotsayso,dareyou?当dare,need为实义动词时,附加疑问部分用助动词do+主语。Shedoesn'tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?典型例题反义疑问句1.It’sveryhottoday, _______________ ?2. HecanspeakChinese, _______________ ?3. Meimeistudiesinamiddleschool, _______________ ?4.Henevergetsuplate, _______________ ?5.Don’t go outatnight, _______________ ?6.Heneverlovescoldweather, _______________ ?7.Youfinishedthetaskyesterday, _______________ ?8.It _______________ a gooddayforswimming,isit?9.TomhasbeentoSingapore, _______________ ?10.Thestory islittleinteresting, _______________ ?单项选择1.Lindaatenothingthismorning,___?A.didn’tsheB.wassheC.didsheD.wasn’tshe2.There’shardly___milkinthebottle,_____there?A.no,isn’tB.some,isC.little,isn’tD.any,is3.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,___?A.doesheB.hasheC.hasn’theD.doesn’the4.—Heseldomcamehere,_____?—Yessir.A.didn’theB.doesheC.doesn’theD.didhe5.Everythingseemsallright,_____?A.doesitB.don’ttheyC.won’titD.doesn’tit7.Onecan’tbetoomodest,can_____?A.oneB.heC.itD.we8.Noonefailedintheexam,_____?A.washeB.didoneC.didtheyD.didn’the10.NeitheryounorIamaartist,_____?A.amIB.aren’tweC.areweD.amn’tI11.Hecan’tbeherfather,_____he?A.isB.isn’tC.canD.can’t12.Theyhavenotimetovisitthemuseum,_____?A.dotheyB.haven’ttheyC.don’ttheyD.willthey14.You’dbettergoatonce,_____you?A.hadn’tB.didC.didn’tD.don’t15.You’dratherworkthanplay,_____you?A.hadn’tB.wouldn’tC.didn’tD.mustn’t三.课后练习1.Idon’tthinkthatthenecklaceismadeofdiamond,________? A.doI B.doyou C.isn’tit D.isit 2.Hiswifehadthecarpetsandthecurtainscleaned,________? A.hadn’t B.had C.didn’tshe D.didshe 3.It’smyson’sweddingnextweek,andIhavetodomybestforthat,____________? A.haven’tIB.don’tI C.don’the D.isn’tit 4.Harrywouldn’tbecomeateacherifithadn’tbeenfortheholiday,____________? A.wouldhe B.hadit C.wouldit D.hadhe 5.Noonelefthereyesterday,________? A.didn’ttheyB.didtheyC.didn’toneD.didone 6.Birdsrarelybuildnestsinourgarden,________? A.don’ttheyB.dotheyC.didn’ttheyD.didthey 7.YoumusthavebeentotheGreatWall,____________? A.mustn’tyouB.haven’tyouC.aren’tyouD.mustyou 8.learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,________? A.doesn’titB.don’ttheyC.doesit D.dothey 9.Theymusthavestayedathomelastnight,________? A.mustn’ttheyB.haven’ttheyC.didn’ttheyD.mustthey 10.Letusgotoplayfootball,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.doweD.arewe11.Let’sstartoutearlytomorrowmorning,________? A.shallweB.willyou C.doyou D.can’tyou 12.There’snotmuchnewsintoday’snewspaper,________? A.isn’titB.isitC.isn’tthere D.isthere 13.Theyneedourhelpbadlyatthemoment,________? A.needn’ttheyB.needtheyC.don’tthey D.dothey 14.Sheisunfitfortheposition,________? A.isshe B.isn’tsheC.doesn’tshe D.doesshe 15.IwishtovisitAmerica,________? A.don’tIB.canI C.mayI D.mayyou 16.She’sbeenaworkerhereformanyyears,________? A.isn’tshe B.isshe C.hasn’tshe D.hasshe 17.Whatbeautifulflowers,________? A.aren’tthey B.aretheyC.isn’titD.isit 18.Motherusedtoliveinapoorvillage,____________? A.usedshe B.usedn’tsheC.didn’the D.didhe 19.You’dbettergoatonce,________? A.wouldn’tyouB.hadyouC.hadn’tyou D.shouldyou 20.IamveryinterestedinMarkTwain’snovels,________? A.aren’tIB.amnotI C.aren’tyou D.areyou Keys:1-5DCBAB 6-10BBACD 11-15ADABC 16-20CABCA