人教高中英语必修4-Unit 1课时练习及解析

人教版高中英语必修四Unit1课时练习Ⅰ.单项填空1．Heapologizedtomeforhis________metohisparty.A．delayinviting　　　　　　B．delayingtoinviteC．delaytoinviteD．delayinginviting解析：首先delaydoing为固定搭配；此外apologizetosb.for后加动名词结构，his为动名词的逻辑主语。答案：D2．(2012年平顶山月考)Ifyougrowupin________largefamily，youaremorelikelytodevelop________abilitytogetonwellwith________others.A．/；an；theB．a；the；/C．the；an；theD．a；the；the解析：第一次提到一个普通事物，要用不定冠词；特指一种能力，要用定冠词；“其他人，别人”用others，不加冠词。答案：B3．Notcontent________hernewcar，________Selinanowwantsabikefortripsintothecitycenter.A．with；/B．for；andC．to；butD．about；so解析：becontentwithsth.为固定搭配，此处为形容词短语作状语，故第二空不用连词，因此选A。答案：A4．—Itlooksheavy.CanIgiveyouahand?—________.A．No，thanksB．Yes，mypleasureC．No，nevermindD．Yes，Ido解析：考查情景交际。从对话中可知是回答对方的请求帮助。No，thanks与上文呼应。答案：A5．Asheworksinaremotearea，hevisitshisparentsonly________.A．occasionallyB．anxiouslyC．practicallyD．urgently解析：occasionally偶尔。答案：A6．—Whydidshespendsomuchtimesearchingshopaftershoponlyforablouse?—Oh，shewasvery________aboutherclothes.A．specialB．particularC．especialD．unusual解析：beparticularabout意为“挑剔”。答案：B7．Theflowers________sweetinthebotanicgardenattractvisitorstothebeautyofnature.A．tosmellB．smellingC．smeltD．tobesmelt解析：此处考查的是分词的用法。分词的逻辑主语是theflowers，分词与逻辑主语之间存在着主谓关系，所以用现在分词。答案：B8．(2012年昆明模拟)Thecoupletriedeveryeffortto________thejudges，whotriedtheircase，oftheirinnocence，resultinginthecontrary.A．proveB．convinceC．chargeD．confirm解析：考查词义辨析。convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信……，故选B项。答案：B9．Hemadeapromise________hewouldentertainus________dinnerthenextday.A．that；withB．that；toC．which；withD．which；to解析：promise后应为同位语从句，应用关联词that；entertainsb.todinner招待……吃饭，固定搭配。答案：B10．WhenIwasachild，ourfamilywasso________thatwecouldhavemeatfordinneronlyattheSpringFestival.A．generousB．badlyoffC．welloffD．unfortunate解析：由句意“……我家是那样穷以致只有在春节才能吃上肉”可知选B，“穷的”。答案：B11．(2012年盘锦模拟)—Howcouldyou________mysistersoeasilyinthecrowd?—Becauseshestoodoutinherreddress.A．pickupB．pickoutC．takeupD．takeout解析：由下句可知，此处应是“辨别出，找出”；pickout辨别出，符合句意。答案：B12．It________himalongtimetofallasleep.A．spentB．tookC．madeD．cost答案：B13．Thisyear，theattractionenjoyedagreatnumberoftourists________upto200,000.A．totalledB．totallingC．countingD．counted解析：countto数到……，意义与本句不相符。number为逻辑主语，与total之间是主动关系，故用totalling(upto200,000)，意思是“旅游人数合计达20万”。答案：B14．________bytheheavysnowfalls，ChenZhou，acityinSouthChina，wascutofffromtheoutside，________waterandelectricityshortage.A．Havingstruck；facingB．Havingstruck；facedC．Struck；facingD．Struck；faced解析：考查非谓语动词。郴州市受到了暴雪袭击，因此strike应该用被动形式struck，同时它还面临水电短缺，face这里是“面临；面对”，在本句中与主语是主动关系，应该用facing作伴随状语。答案：C15．Bytheyearshecomesbacktolife，scientistsprobably________acureforthisincurabledisease.A．willbediscoveringB．arediscoveringC．willhavediscoveredD．havediscovered解析：by引导的时间状语多用一般时态，主句往往用现在完成时态。by引导的时间表示过去意义时，主句用过去完成时态；表示将来时，主句用将来完成时态。答案：CⅡ.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。A(2012年湖南卷，C)Harvardresearchershavecreatedatough，low­cost，biodegradable(可生物降解的)materialinspiredbyinsects'hardoutershells.Thematerial'sinventorssayithasanumberofpossibleusesandsomedaycouldprovideamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativetoplastic.Thematerial，madefromshrimp(虾)shellsandproteinsproducedfromsilk，iscalled“shrilk.”Itisthin，clear，flexibleandstrong.Amajorbenefitofthematerialisitsbiodegradability.Plastic'stoughnessandflexibilityrepresentedarevolutioninmaterialsscienceduringthe1950sand'60s.Decadeslater，however，plastic'sverydurability(耐用性)israisingquestionsabouthowappropriateitisforone­timeproductssuchasplasticbags，orshort­livedconsumergoods，usedinthehomeforafewyearsandthencastintoalandfillwheretheywilldegradeforcenturies.Whatisthepointofmakingsomethingthatlasts1,000years?Shrilknotonlywilldegradeinalandfill，butitsbasiccomponentsareusedasfertilizer(肥料)，andsowillenrichthesoil.Shrilkhasgreatpotential，theinventorssaid.Materialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnature，foundineverythingrangingfromshrimpshells，insectbodiestolivingplants.Thatmakesshrilklowcost，anditsmassproductionpossibleshoulditbeusedforproductsdemandingalotofmaterial.Workonshrilkiscontinuinginthelab.Theinventorssaidthematerialbecomesflexiblewhenwet，sothey'reexploringwaystouseitinwetenvironments.They'realsodevelopingsimplerproductionprocesses，whichcouldbeusedfornon­medicalproducts，likeforcomputercasesandotherproductsinsidethehome.They'reevenexploringcombiningitwithothermaterials，likecarbonfibers，togiveitnewproperties.16．Paragraph1ofthepassageismainlyaboutshrilk's________.A．remarkabledesignB．interestingnameC．majorfeaturesD．basicelements解析：细节理解题。由句子“Itisthin，clear，flexibleandstrong.”可知C项正确。答案：C17．Whathasbecomeaconcernaboutplastic?A．Usingitproperly.B．Producingitcheaply.C．Developingitspropertiesquickly.D．Evaluatingitscontributionsfairly.解析：细节理解题。由第二段“plastic'sverydurabilityisraisingquestionsabouthowappropriateitisfor...”可知A项正确。答案：A18．Accordingtotheinventors，shrilkhasgreatpotentialpartlybecause________.A．itcanhelpplasticdegradeB．itcanbefoundinlivingthingsC．itsmassproductionhasbeenrealizedD．itsrawmaterialsareabundantinnature解析：细节理解题。由第四段“shrilkhasgreatpotential，theinventorssaid，materialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnature，...”可知D项符合句意。答案：D19．Whataretheinventorsdoinginthelab?A．Replacingcarbonfiberswithshrilk.B．Testingshrilk'suseinwetconditions.C．Makingshrilkoutofusedhouseholdgoods.D．Improvingshrilk'sflexibilityformedicalpurposes.解析：细节理解题。由第五段“workonshrilkiscontinuinginthelab.”及“...sothey'reexploringwaystouseitinwetenvironments.”可知B项符合文意。答案：B20．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．RecentProgressinEnvironmentalProtectionB．BenefitsofInsectsinScientificResearchC．TheHarmofOne­timeProductsD．APossibleAlternativetoPlastic解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍一种新产品——shrilk，它可能成为塑料的替代品。故D项符合。答案：DBWhenIwas13，mybedroomwallswerecoveredwithpostersoftheMonkeesandtheBeatles.Iwrotefanlettersanddaydreamedaboutmeetingtheobjectsofmyaffections.IbeggedmyparentstoattendeveryrockconcertandwatcheveryTVshowfeaturingmyfavoritecelebrities(名人)；myfriendsandIdiscussedforhoursallthethingswewouldsayanddowhenwemetourfavoritemoviestarsandpopsingers.Idrovemymothercrazy！Butafterafewyears，myobsession(迷恋)withstarsfadedasImaturedandgainedtheconfidencetosocializewith“real”boys.Inthe35yearssinceIwasateenager，celebrityworship(崇拜)hasincreasedamongteensduetotheexplosionoftelevisioncelebritygossipshows，andinstantaccesstocelebritynewsontheInternet.It'snowonderthatmanyteensareobsessedwithstarswhennewsprogramsoftenarefilledwithentertainmentstoriesandthelivesofcelebrities.Celebrityworshipsyndrome(综合征)isnowconsideredapersonalitydisorder.Whileitisnormalforteenagerstofollowthelivesoftheirfavoritestars，parentsshouldtrytomonitoreverythingtheirchildfindsinteresting.Parentsshouldtakeactioniftheysuspectateenistooobsessedwithcelebritiesandshowinglittleinterestinschoolorwithdrawingfromthefamily.Whenteenstalkalotaboutcelebritiesandviewthemasjustmeansofentertainment，thisisconsiderednormalcelebrityworship.However，whenateenagerisobsessedwithastarandoftenexpressesadesiretohaveaclosepersonalrelationshipwithacelebrityorfeelstheyhaveaspecialconnectiontoastar，thismaybethetimeforconcern.Recentstudieshaveshownthatteenswhodevelopanunhealthyobsessionwithcelebritiesoftensufferfromlowself­confidenceanddepression.Teenswhoareoverlyobsessedwithstarsoftenhavedamagedrelationshipswiththeirparents.【语篇解读】　青少年崇拜名人无可厚非，可是过度地迷恋明星就是名人崇拜综合征，是一种病态人格，其负面作用不可不引起父母的关注。21．Thefirstparagraphisintendedtotellus________.A．it'snormalforateentohavecelebrityworshipB．celebritworshipcancauseseriousproblemsC．parentsneedn'tworryaboutcelebrityworshipD．celebrityworshiponlyexistsamongteens解析：推理判断题。由第一段内容可知，作者在青少年时期曾经十分迷恋名人，几年过后，随着自己逐渐变得成熟和自信心的增强，他对明星的迷恋渐渐消失，由此可推知作者在第一段通过自己的经历想告诉我们对青少年而言，名人崇拜是正常的事情。答案：A22．Welearnfromthesecondparagraphthat________.A．teenstodayarenotsoobsessedwithcelebritiesB．theauthorissurprisedatcelebrityworshipC．themediagreatlycontributestocelebrityworshiptodayD．celebritiesexposetheirlivestoomuch解析：推理判断题。本段提到青少年之所以对名人越来越崇拜是因为受电视节目和因特网的影响，由此可推断媒体是造成当今名人崇拜的重要原因之一。答案：C23．Parentsshouldbecomeconcernedwhentheirchildren________.A．talkalotaboutcelebritieswithothersB．putupcelebritypostersontheirbedroomwallsC．asktogototheirfavoritestar'sconcertD．desireaclosepersonalrelationshipwiththeirfavoritestar解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However，whenateenager...thismaybethetimeforconcern.”可知，当孩子渴望与他们最喜欢的明星有密切的私人关系时，父母就应该关注了。答案：D24．Thelastparagraphimpliesthat________.A．parentsshouldnotcaretoomuchaboutachild'scelebrityworshipB．celebrityworshipsyndromecanbeaseriousproblemifleftoverlookedC．childrencannormallygetoutofcelebrityworshipwhentheyareolderD．childrenwithcelebrityworshipusuallyhaveahighopinionofthemselves解析：推理判断题。最后一段的第一句提到名人崇拜综合征现在被认为是病态人格；最后两句提到不健康的名人迷恋会导致自信心降低和心理压抑，甚至破坏孩子与父母之间的关系，由此可推断如果忽视名人崇拜综合征可能引发严重的问题。答案：B25．Whatismostlikelytobetalkedaboutintheparagraphfollowingthepassage?A．Theharmofcelebrityworshipsyndrome.B．Moresignsofcelebrityworshipsyndrome.C．Whattodowithchildren'scelebrityworshipsyndrome.D．Whowillsuffermostfromcelebrityworshipsyndrome.解析：文章结构题。文章最后阐述的是名人崇拜综合征的种种危害，所以接下来最可能叙述的是如何应对这种病症。答案：C