20xx年年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题

xx年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 课程代码：00830Ⅰ。Directions：Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestpletesthestatementandputtheletterA，B，CorDinthebrackets.（2%×10=20%）1.Chomskyusestheterm（）torefertotheactualrealizationofalanguageuser‘sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinlinguisticmunication.A.langueB.petenceC.paroleD.performance2.Intermsoftheplaceofarticulation，thefollowingsounds[t][d][s][z][n]sharethefeatureof（）。A.palatalB.alveolarC.bilabialD.dental3.TransformationalGenerativeGrammarwasintroducedby（）in1957.A.L.BloomfieldB.F.SaussureC.N.ChomskyD.M.A.K.Halliday4.Naturallanguagesareviewedtovaryaordingto（）setonUGprinciplestoparticularvalues.A.AdjacentConditionB.parametersC.CaseConditionD.Caserequirement5.Synonymsareclassifiedintoseveralkinds.Thekindtowhich“girl”and“lass”belongiscalled（）synonyms.A.stylisticB.dialectalC.emotiveD.collocational6.Theillocutionarypointof（）istoexpressthepsychologicalstatespecifiedintheutterance.A.representativesB.missivesC.expressivesD.declaratives7.ModernEnglishwordsman，woman，child，eat，fight，ect.originatefrom（）。A.MiddleEnglishB.OldEnglishC.FrenchD.NormanFrench8.Inadiglossiccountry，thetwodiglossicformsofalanguagearegenerallytwovarietiesofthesamelanguage，buttherearesituationsinwhichtheH-varietymayhaveno（）relationshipwiththeL-variety.A.geicB.socialC.directD.close9.Manyaphasicsdonotshowtotallanguageloss.Rather，differentaspectsoflanguageareimpaired.Aphasicsin（）arearevealword-findingdifficultiesandproblemswithsyntax.A.Werniker‘sB.visualC.motorD.Broca‘s10.（）motivationourswhenthelearnerdesirestolearnasecondlanguageinordertomunicatewithnativespeakersofthetargetlanguage.A.InstrumentalB.FunctionalC.IntegrativeD.SocialⅡ。Directions：Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword，thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly，andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.（1％×10=10％）11.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse，itissaidtobed.12.Stops，fricatives，affricates，liquids，andglidesallhavesomedegreeofoandarethereforeconsonants.13.Misthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.14.Aisthemovementofanauxiliaryverbtothesentence-initialposition，suchas“be”，“have”，“do”etc.15.Riswhatalinguisticformreferstointherealworld；itisamatteroftherelationshipbetweenformandthereality.16.InAustin‘searlyspeechacttheory，cwerestatementsthateitherstateordescribe，andwerethusverifiable.17.Intheprocessoffirstlanguageacquisition，childrenusuallyconstructtheirpersonalgrammars，andtheirlanguagedevelopsinsesuntilitathegrammaticalrulesoftheadultlanguage.18.Asmunityisonegroup，allofwhosememberssharethesamelanguageoratleastasinglelanguagevariety.19.Peoplemaymunicatetheirfeelingsorthoughtsviansignalssuchasfacialexpressions，gestures，postures，orproxemicspace.20.Althoughthedevelopmentofamunicativesystemisnotuniquetohumanbeings，thenaturalacquisitionoflasasystemofhighlyabstractrulesandregulationsforcreativemunicationiswhatdistinguisheshumansfromallotheranimalspecies.Ⅲ。Directions：Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse，youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2％×10=20％）21.（）Thewritingsystemofalanguageisalwaysalaterinventionusedtorecordspeech；thustherearestillmanylanguagesintoday‘sworldthatcanonlybespoken，butnotwritten.22.（）Insuchsoundbinationsas/bi：p/，/geip/and/su：p/，thevoicelessstop/p/，ourringinthefinalposition，isunaspirated，i.e.pronouncedwiththestrongpuffofairwithheldtosomeextent.23.（）Thepartofspeechofthepoundisalwaysdeterminedbythepartofspeechofthesecondelement，withoutexception.24.（）Therelationshipbetweentheembeddedclauseanditsmatrixclauseisoneofaparttothewhole.25.（）Thecontextualistviewofmeaningholdsthatmeaningshouldbestudiedintermsofthesituationalcontextandlinguisticcontext.26.（）Searle‘sclassificationofillocutionaryactsisbasedontheclassificationofperformativeverbs.27.（）Onekindoflanguagechangeresultsinanincreaseofthenumberofexceptionalorirregularmorphemes.Thiskindofchangehasbeencalledinternalborrowing—thatis，we“borrow”fromonepartofthegrammarandapplytherulegenerally.28.（）Therearedifferencesinthewaypeopleofvariousagecategoriesspeak.Thedifferencesmosteasilynotedbythelaymanarelikelytobegrammaticalinnature.29.（）Thelefthemisphereofthebrainissuperiortotherighthemispherebecausethelefthemisphereislanguage-dominant.30（）AchildborntoaChineseorEnglishspeakingfamilytakesaboutthesamenumberofyearstoacquiretheirnativetongue，regardlessoftheirgeneralintelligence.Ⅳ。Directions：Explainthefollowingterms，usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.（3％×10=30％）31.assimilationrule32.root33.boundmorphemes34.surfacestructure35.grammaticality36.elaboration37.bilingualism38.creole39.theSapir-Whorfhypothesis40.fossilizationⅤ。Answerthefollowingquestions.（10％×2=20％）41.Thephonologicalfeaturesthatourabovethelevelofindividualsoundsarecalledsuprasegmentalfeatures.Discussthemainsuprasegmentalfeatures，illustratingwithexampleshowtheyfunctioninthedistinctionofmeaning.42.Explainandgiveexamplestoshowinwhatwayponentialanalysisissimilartotheanalysisofphonemesintodistinctivefeatures.