2014初中英语宾语从句课件（共28张PPT）

TheObjectiveclause宾语从句主句连接词从句HeaskedmewhereIhadputhisbook.连接词从句主句e.g.Ithinkyoushouldstudyhard.构成：主句+连接词+从句定义：在句子中用作宾语(在谓语动词之后)的从句叫宾语从句。(that)第二、宾语从句三要素：连接词时态语序他叫什么名字？他怎么去上学？What’shisname?Howdoeshegotoschool?Iamnotsure___________________________________________________whathisnameis.howhegoestoschool.从句用陈述句语序(主语+谓语＋…)1.当从句为陈述句时，连接词用that。that在句中无意义,在口语中可省略.e.g.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.Iknow…Hewillbebackinanhour.Ithink…看从句的的类型Iknowthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Ithinkthathewillbebackinanhour.2.当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用if或whether。e.g.IsAlice15yearsold?Iwonder…看从句的的类型Iwonderif/whetherAliceis15yearsold.Morepractice:Iwanttoknow:他明天是否回来。你是否喜欢可乐。3.当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用特殊疑问词。e.g.HowoldisAlice?Iwanttoknow…Howoftendoyougotothelibrary?看从句的的类型IwanttoknowhowoldAliceis.Couldyoutellme____________.连接词从句句式陈述句that(无词汇意义)一般疑问句if,whether(是否)特殊疑问特殊疑问词祈使句肯定句否定句ask/tell…+sb.+to+v.ask/tell/…+sb.+notto+v.宾语从句是祈使句时：Theteachersaid,“Keepsilent.”Theteacher()thestudents()()silent.Mumsaid,“Don’tplayfootballonthestreet,boys.”Mumtoldthem________onthestreet.（三）、宾语从句的时态你昨天什么时候起床的？你每天几点到校？你明天几点出发？Whendidyougetupyesterday?Whendoyougettoschooleveryday?Whenwillyoustarttomorrow?Iwonder…Iwonderwhenyougotupyesterday.Iwonderwhenyougettoschooleveryday.Iwonderwhenyouwillstarttomorrow.主现从不限Iwonder他是否去过北京。ifhehasbeentoBeijing.Whatisyourfavouriteactivity?Whatishedoing?MyfatherwillgotoBeijingnextweek.Hehasfinishedhishomework.Iknow…Iknewwhatyourfavouriteactivitywas.whathewasdoing.主过从四过myfatherwouldgotoBeijingnextweek.hehadfinishedhishomework.（三）、宾语从句的时态Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.Mymothertoldme…(合并句子)Mymothertoldme_________________________________________thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoon.注意:当从句叙述的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Ourteachersaidthemoonmovesaroundthesun.连接后连接前从句时态主句时态现在时(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),一般将来时,Couldyou……,Wouldyouplease…..保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.注:“Whereisthenearestbank?”Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmewhere___________________.2.“Ihavegivenupsmoking,”saidmybrother.Mybrothersaidthathe____________________.3.“Areyougoingtolearnswim?”askedTom.Tomaskedmeif/whetherI________________________.4.“Whatwillwedonext?”wehaven’tdecided.Wehaven’tdecidedwhatwe________________.5.“Whatdidyousay?”Ididn’thear.Ididn’thearwhatyou____________________.thenearestbankishadgivenupsmokingwasgoingtolearntoswimwilldonexthadsaidExercise:疑问句中，could，would表婉转的语气，不表示过去时。将下列句子合并为一:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.Iasked__________________ontheway.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme___________________atthemeeting?3.Dotheyliketoplayfootball?Tomasked.Tomasked________________________toplayfootball.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.Hesaid__________________________hishomework.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Tomsaid____________________________back.6.Sheaskedme:“What’swrongwithyou?”Sheaskedme_________________________withme.wheretheystoppedwhatyouwillspeakif/whethertheyliked(that)hewasdoing(that)hewouldcomewhatwaswrong注:what’swrongwithsb.及what’sthematterwithsb.,语序不变.7.“Don’tplayinthestreets,”theteachersaidtotheboy.8.“Whenandwherewilltheconcertbeheld?”Iwondered.9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WilltheygotoBeijing?”Theyhaven’tdecided.11.“Whenshouldwestart?”Doyouknow?Theteachertoldtheboynottoplayinthestreets.Iwonderedwhenandwheretheconcertwouldbeheld.Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?Doyouknowwhenweshouldstart?Doyouknowwhentostart?疑问词+主语+谓语疑问词+to+v.(不定式)作为宾语,成为简单句.Theyhaven’tdecidedif/whethertheywillgotoBeijing.Hehasn’tdecidedwhichseatheshouldtake.Hehasn’tdecided__________________________.2.Ireallydon’tknowwhereIcanfindmylostkey.3.Canthecomputertelluswhatweshoulddonext?4.Canyoutellmewhentostart?Canyoutellme________________________?5.Ican’tdecidewhichonetochoose.whichseattotakeIreallydon’tknowwheretofindmylostkey.Canthecomputertelluswhattodonext?whenwewillstartIcan’tdecidewhichoneIshouldchoose.宾语从句疑问词+todo确定连接词(根据从句的句式)2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句,即主谓顺序)3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)（四）总结：如何改写宾语从句第三、宾语从句特殊情况（一）连词that不能省略的几种情况;1.从句的主语是that。如：Hesaysthatthatisarealking’shat.2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：I’mafraidthatifyou’velostit,youmustpayforit.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4.若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.（二）、If和whether用法区别注：if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。但二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.这是否对，我不能说。2.宾语从句与ornot直接连用时，应用whether，不能用if。如：Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：Shecan’tdecidewhethertogotoAmerica.4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：Tomwantstoknowifhewon’tcomeheretomorrow.6.if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：IfSimoncomesheretomorrow,I’llcallyou.第四、宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式．即：主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。此外，这类宾语从句的反意疑问句也比较特殊，请同学们自己总结。Translatethefollowingsentences.1.我认为不会下雨．I____________thatit____________.2.我认为你的 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 不对.I_____________youranswer＿＿right.３.我们相信他还没走.We_____________thathe____________.第五、宾语从句转化为简单句1.由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，若主句和从句主语一致可以转化成“特殊疑问句+todo”.如(请总结常见这一句型中的动词)Idon’tknowhowIcanlearnEnglishwell.______________________________________Hewonderwhenheshouldattendthemeeting.______________________________________2.当主句谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,choose,agree等词时，宾语从句主从句主语一致，宾语从句可简化为V.+todo的结构。如：LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.→LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.→____________________________________3.当主句的谓语动词是tell,order（命令）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为v.+sb.todo的结构。例如：Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.→Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.MymothertoldmethatIcouldn’tgoout.→_________________________________4.动词see,hear,find等词后面的宾语从句可转化为“v+sb.doing的结构。例如：LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.→LiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.Iheardthatabirdwassinginginthetree.→_____________________________5.动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化.Itseemsthatheisunhappy.→Heseemstobeunhappy.Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.→Theboysseemedtowin.6.动词find后的宾语从句，也可以转化为简单句IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.→_____________________________Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.→___________________________________