高中语法名词

中国教育 培训 焊锡培训资料ppt免费下载焊接培训教程 ppt 下载特设培训下载班长管理培训下载培训时间表下载 领军品牌审核：学员编号：年级：高二课时数：3学员姓名：辅导科目:英语学科教师：授课主题名词及考点授课日期及时段课程类型专题复习1、学生可以理掌握可数名词单数变复数的 规则 编码规则下载淘宝规则下载天猫规则下载麻将竞赛规则pdf麻将竞赛规则pdf 及名词所有格教学目标2、学生可以灵活运用变化规则及名词所有格教学重点：可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化重点难点教学难点：名词“数”的单复数变化规则中的特殊情况教学 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 一、上节课内容复习及错题讲解预习案（学生思考）1.什么是名词？（Noun)2.名词有哪几类？3.画出下列词中的名词，并指出他们属于名词的哪一类？Diana;Beijing;Americans;woodsuccessreamapplesfamilyadvicesoil我对名词的困惑：________________________________________________________【考纲解读】关于名词,高考主要考查:1.名词词义辨析和习惯搭配。名词词义辨析包括同义词辨析、近义词辨析、同形词辨析和不同词义的名词在语境中的辨析。另外,高考还考查容易混淆的名词的辨形、辨义以及名词的惯用法等。这些问题主要出现在完形填空中。2.名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。这些问题常出现在短文改错或语法填空中。3.名词的“旧词新意”和“名词动化”现象,主要以隐形考查的方式出现在阅读理解和完形填空试题中。~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~（二）知识梳理+经典例题【预习导学】全力以赴赢在仁杰1中国教育培训领军品牌探究案一、探究一:名词的单复数(一)可数名词的规则变化(口诀）名词单数变复数，直接加占多数；来结尾，直接加上-es；词尾是f或fe，；辅母+y在词尾，把变再加；词尾字母若是o，要加请记好，黑人，英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯Task1:根据以上口诀用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：。1>Therearesomany(wolf)intheforest.2>Therearethree(chair)intheclassroom.3>These(tomato)arered.4>(hero)aregreat.5>Mybrotherlooksaftertwo(baby)6>Ihavealotof(toy)inmybedroom.7>Ihelpmymotherwash(dish)inthekitchen.(二)可数名词的不规则变化1．常见单复数同形的名词一个中国人和一个日本人骑着一只羊和鹿去吃水煮鱼。____________；________；________；_________；____________水果；其中fish,fruit 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示种类时，可加复数词尾，即fishes,fruits。2.中日不变，英法变，其余-s添后面ChineseJapaneseGerman---(三）不可数名词Task1.单句改错,并总结不可数名词的考点。全力以赴赢在仁杰2中国教育培训领军品牌1.WhatalotofworksIhavetofinishtoday!2Hehasgotmanygoodnewsfromhere.3.Willyoupleasemakearoomfortheladyoutside?4.Yesterdayafternoon,IpaidvisittoMrJohnson.5.Duringhervisit,shedrank12cupoftea.6.Thepartylastnightwassuccess.（四）以复数形式出现的名词根据汉语意思写出下列单词。1.Shewearsapairofnew(裤子)today.2.Shelooksprettywhenwearing(眼镜)3.The(环境)inourneighborhoodisverybeautiful.4.Idon’tknowhowtoshowmy(感谢)toyou.(五）集体名词Hisfamilynotabigfamily.HisfamilywatchingTVnow.总结：1.（人民people；警察police复数）;家庭family班级class队team2.集体名词作主语时，表示整体---谓语用单数；代表成员---谓语用复数(六）有些词即可是可数,也可以是不可数，意思不一样Task:请写出下列单词。可数不可数可数不可数light灯灯光，exercise练习fish鱼类work作品glass玻璃杯life生命chicken小鸡orange橘子paper报纸，试卷time次数Chinese中国人Japanese日本人全力以赴赢在仁杰3中国教育培训领军品牌German德国人room房间（七）有些可数名词的复数形式有特殊的含义rainswaterssandswoodsglasseslooksmanners探究二：名词所有格名词所有格的表达（TrueorFalse)1.妇女节离现在还有两周Women’Dayisintwoweek’stime.（）Women’sDayisintwoweeks’time.（）总结：一般单数名词的词尾加;以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，在词尾加；不以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格，在词尾加.2.史密斯先生是我爸爸和妈妈的朋友。MrSmithismyfatherandmother`sfriend.（）MrSmithismyfather’sandmother`sfriend.（）3.露西的房间比汤姆和莉莉的都大。Lucy`sroomisbiggerthanTom`sandLily`s.（）Lucy`sroomisbiggerthanTomandLily`s.（）总结：表示几个人共有一物，只在用所有格形式；如表示各自拥有时，则都要用所有格形式。4.Thevillageisfarawayfromhereindeed.It`swalk.A.afourhourB.afourhour’sC.afour-hoursD.afourhours’5.Herfatherreturnedhomeafterfiveyears’absence.（）Herfatherreturnedhomeafterfiveyear’sabsence.（）总结：表示时间、距离等无生命的名词的所有格是在后面直接加或.全力以赴赢在仁杰4中国教育培训领军品牌6.他是我们学校的一名学生。Theirschool’sstudentswentforapicnicyesterday.（）Thestudentsoftheirschoolwentforapicnicyesterday.（）总结：表示无生命的名词一般用短语表示所有关系.7.这是我妈妈的一张照片Thisisaphotoofmymother’s.（）Thisisaphotoofmymother.（）总结：Of所有格用名词普通格或人称代词宾格，双重所有格中of后用或物主代词。而picture,photo,portrait等词用of所有格侧重同位关系，用双重所有格侧重所有与部分关系。.我妻子的一个朋友我的一个朋友[知识积累]名词常见后缀集锦1．动词变名词的后缀后缀例词correct→______________改正attract→_____________吸引conclude→________________结论；结束-ion/-tion/decide→__________________决定-sion/-ationadmit→______________接纳；准许入学invite→______________邀请explain→_______________解释expect→_____________期望teach→_____________老师-er/-orannounce→______________播音员conduct→______________指挥；售票员punish→________________惩罚achieve→_________________功绩；成就-mentargue→______________辩论；论据equip→________________装备；设备全力以赴赢在仁杰5中国教育培训领军品牌appear→_______________出现；外貌perform→________________表演；节目-ance/-enceexist→_______________存在；生存prefer→_______________偏爱hear→-_____________听力；听觉-ingbegin→_____________开始fail→_____________失败；没做到press→-_____________压力-ure/-turemix→-_______________混合；混合物depart→_______________离开；出发recover→________________恢复；痊愈-ydiscover→-______________发现choose→-____________选择其他vary→____________多样化；种类tend→_______________趋向；趋势2．形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词-ageshort→______________不足；短缺efficient→_______________效率；功效fluent→________________流利；流畅-cyaccurate→_____________准确性private→_______________隐私；私密free→_______________自由；自主-domwise→-_________________明智；智慧-encedifferent→-__________________差异全力以赴赢在仁杰6中国教育培训领军品牌silent→_________________沉默weak→_______________虚弱；弱点-nesskind→____________仁慈；好意careless→_____________________粗心大意strong→-______________力气；强项-thwarm→-______________温暖；热情honest→_______________诚实difficult→__________________困难-y残酷；残暴cruel→____________-tysafe→-____________安全-itydisable→______________无能；伤残responsible→_____________________责任【考点突破】考点1名词词义辨析，包括同缀、形近、意近和无关联词1.Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome______andthenletmeknow.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority2.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce________istotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.power3.Someschoolswillhavetomake________inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements4.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom，Dave.—I’dliketo，butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy________.A．requestsB．excusesC．apologiesD．regrets5.Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother，theboylosthis________andhadabadfall.A．balanceB．chanceC．memoryD．place6.Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehis________whenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask.A．emotionB．talentC．identityD．treasure7.WhenRichardsaid，“Youaremuchmoreagreeableandprettiernow，”Joan’sfaceturnedredattheunexpected________.A．commandB．comparisonC．complimentD．contribution8.Windisnowtheworld’sfastestgrowing________ofpower.A．sourceB．senseC．resultD．root全力以赴赢在仁杰7中国教育培训领军品牌考点归纳名词词义辨析是高考的热点，主要考查考生结合语境区分词义的能力，因而在记忆单词时，一定要结合语境体会其意义。近几年考查的名词词义辨析主要有以下几种形式：1．“同缀”词的词义辨析，即相同词缀的名词辨析。近几年高考中常出现的有：①expressionattentionsatisfactionimpression②accommodationoccupationadaptationappreciation③equipmentarrangementassessmententertainment④consequenceindependencecompetenceintelligence2．“形近”词的词义辨析，近几年高考中常出现的形近词有：①commandcomparisoncomplimentcontribution②commitmentcompetitionambitionaccompany3．“意近”词的词义辨析，近几年高考中常出现的意近词有：①advice；question；offer；idea②anger；rudeness；regret；panic4．“无关联”词的词义辨析，近几年高考中出现的有：①symbolportraitidentitystatue②differencecomparisonconnectionbarrier③luckvaluetimefact考点2名词的一词多义与熟词新义1.—Canyoutellusyour________forhappinessandalonglife?—Livingeverydaytothefull，definitely.A．recipeB．recordC．rangeD．receipt2.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslight________ofrainlatertonight.A．effectB．senseC．changeD．chance3.Thefailurewasabig________tohim，buthewasn’tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.A.blowB.issueC.excuseD.factor4.—Couldyoutellmethe________ofmakingsuchtastycakes?—Well，Ijustfollowthedirectionsinthecookbook.A．featureB．planC．costD．trick考点归纳名词的一词多义与熟词新义是考查的重点和难点。掌握熟词新义重在多阅读、多积累。Thosewhosufferfromheadachewillfindtheygetrelieffromthismedicine.relief的常见含义为“安慰，宽慰”，此处表示“缓解”。全力以赴赢在仁杰8中国教育培训领军品牌考点3抽象名词具体化抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下四类：一、表示情感、情绪的词，强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词有：抽象名词抽象名词具体化drink饮料Adrinkcomfort安慰；慰藉Acomfort一feeling感觉；感情agoodfeelingsuccess成功asuccessfailure失败afailuresurprise惊奇asurpriseexperience经验anexperiencedifficulty困难adifficultycoffee咖啡twocoffeesbeauty美，美丽abeautypleasure愉快，高兴apleasurepride骄傲apridehonor荣誉，信誉anhonor二、表行为的抽象名词，强调其具体表现形式时，常以a/an＋抽象名词，或a/an＋形容词＋抽象名词。常用短语、句型如下：haveawonderfulsupper；haveabrightfuture；haveagoodtime；haveapopulationof；haveagoodknowledge/understandingof；haveanincomeof；receiveagoodeducation；receiveawarmwelcome；coveranareaof；reachaheightof；It’sawasteoftime/money；It’sagreathelptome.；It’sapitythat...三、表示具体动作意义的抽象名词，加a/an与某些动词(have，take，make，give)等词连用时，表示某一次短暂的动作。haveaswim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep；takeawalk/bath；give/takeatry；makeanadvance/anearlystart/anapology；take/haveagreatinterest；gooutforawalk全力以赴赢在仁杰9中国教育培训领军品牌四、接同源宾语的短语，通常名词表示具体化意义。dieaheroicdeath；live/leadahappy/simple/hard/poor/bitterlife；dreamastrangedream【 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 总结】名词解题方法方法1利用固定搭配和习惯表达Itissaidthatdogswillkeepyou________foraslongasyouwantwhenyouarefeelinglonely.A.safetyB.companyC.houseD.friend方法2利用句子的平衡、对比等结构Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter，thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir________andweaknesses.A．strengthsB．benefitsC．techniquesD．values方法3充分把握具体的语境Alwaysreadthe________onthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine.A．explanationsB．instructionsC．descriptionsD．introductions【扩展交流】[典题精选][我来改正][常设误点](1)可数名词单复数的错用①(2015·四川高考)AsItoldyoulast①可数名词前有数词、数量词、sometime,Imadethreenewfriendhere.①____________或oneof...等修饰，则该名词应用复②(2015·陕西高考)Mumtaughtme②____________数形式；somebasicstepofbaking.Iinsisted②在指示代词this,that后用单数名ondoingmostofthebakingmyself.词；在these,those后用复数名词。①(2014·辽宁高考)We’vecalled(2)混淆名词的可数与不可数severaltimeaboutCleo’searly①有些词既可作可数名词又可作不morningbarking.①____________可数名词，例如time表示“次数”为②(2016·长春市质检)Lookingback②____________可数名词，表示“时间”为不可数名ontheprogressesthatIhavemade词；experience表示“经历”时为可数sofar,Ireallyappreciateyour名词，表示“经验”时为不可数名词；全力以赴赢在仁杰10中国教育培训领军品牌support.②误把不可数名词当作可数名词，例如纯抽象名词：progress,luggage/baggage,advice,weather,information,equipment,furniture等都只能用作不可数名词。(2016·济宁市一模)I’velearnedEnglishforsolongthatIcan_______________(3)词性错用communicatewithnativespeakersof______________误把动词、形容词等当作名词。Englishwithoutdifficult.[典题精选][我来改正][常设误点]①(2014·陕西高考)ThatdayIdidn’t(1)不定冠词a和an的错用learnmuchaboutanimals,insectsor①在元音音素前应用不定冠词an；trees,butIlearntaimpressivelesson①___________②在辅音音素前应用不定冠词a；aboutgravity!②_____________③有些单词以元音字母开头但却是②(2016·邢台市高三摸底考试)But③_________以辅音音素开头，前面应用冠词ahehadonlyan100-yuannote.而不用an；还有一些单词以辅音字③(2016·嘉峪关市一中三模)He母开头但却是以元音音素开头，前wasanEuropeanbillionairewhogot面应用冠词an而不用a。everythinghewanted.①(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparents...Awomansaw(2)不定冠词a(n)和定冠词the的错用himcryingandtoldhimtowait①_____________①表示特指时用定冠词the；outsideashop.②__________②表示泛指时用不定冠词a(n)。②(2016·郑州二模)Mostofusfeelnervouswheneverwe’retakingtheimportantexam.①(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)This(3)单数可数名词前冠词的缺失①_____________customsoonbecameanothermealof一般情况下，单数可数名词前应有②_____________day.适当的冠词a(n)或the。a(n)表示类全力以赴赢在仁杰11中国教育培训领军品牌②(2016·江西九校联考)Forrest指或泛指，the表示特指。Gumpwasborninsmallvillage.①(2013·浙江高考)Tomorrowisfirstdayofschool.(4)定冠词the的缺失②(2016·衡水一中模拟)Inorderto①_____________①在序数词前常用定冠词the；realizehisdream,BillGates,richest②_____________②在形容词最高级前也常用定冠词manintheworld,gaveupstudyingthe。inHarvardUniversity.①新课标全国卷Ⅱ(2014·)Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtrees(5)冠词的多余aroundtheclassroombuildings.①_____________可数名词复数或不可数名词表示泛②(2016·南昌市一模)Ithinkit’sa②_____________指时不用冠词。greatfunandIcanmakemorefriends.(6)常见固定搭配中冠词的缺失与多①(2015·浙江高考)Iwasalways余interestedtoseethedriversinhurry①_________在固定搭配中，有的用不定冠词inthemorning.②__________a(n)，有的用定冠词the，而有的不②(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Asresult,带任何冠词，如：inahurry,onthe~~~~~~~theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.right,infact,asaresult等。~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~三、随堂检测1.(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew_____(day)withhissister...3.(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Recent_______(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatwork...4.(2016·高考全国甲卷短文改错)Ifwegoonatripabroad，wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks._____________________________全力以赴赢在仁杰12中国教育培训领军品牌5.(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.6.(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed，__________otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.7.(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor___________while，exercising，ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.8.(2016·高考全国乙卷短文改错)Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.________________________________9.(2016·高考全国甲卷短文改错)Butinthatcase，wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.___________________________________10.(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)Atthefirst，IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.___________________________________11.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I'dskippednearbyGuilin，adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverthatarepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_______________(painting)．12.(2014·高考辽宁卷语法填空)Unbelievable！Oh...，ifyoudon'tmind，I'llstopandtakeadeep．13.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.___________________________________14.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Oneday，littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.___________________________________15.(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Forexample，wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.______________________16.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven全力以赴赢在仁杰13中国教育培训领军品牌_________mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~四、归纳总结~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~五、课后作业短文改错：We’llneverforgetadaywhenmyclassmatesIpaidandavisitachemistryfactory.Itwasalargeonewithnearly20,000workers.Itlookslikeagardenandwesawcolorfulflowers,grassandtreesthere.Wealsovisitedsomeworkshopandfoundworkersworkinghard.Wetalkedtothemandlearnedalotof.Weunderstoodthemfurther.Onthewayhomewefeltverytiring,butweboththoughtwehadaverygoodday.Wereallyhopedwhatwecouldgetmorechancesofleavingtheschoolandlearnaboutsociety全力以赴赢在仁杰14中国教育培训领军品牌完形填空：In1990areportwaspublishedaboutwhattheearthmightbelike20yearsfromthenon.Thereportwasaresultofathree-year___1___.Accordingtothereport,thepictureoftheearthintheyear2010isnota___2___one.Theworldwillbemore___3___becausethepopulationwillcontinuetogrow.Thepopulationcouldbe___4___6300million,almost2150millionmorethanin1985.Morepeoplewouldmoveintocities,especiallycitiesin___5___countries.CitieslikeCairoandJakartaprobablywould___6___have15millionbythen.Foodproductionwill___7___,butnotenoughtofeedallthepeople.Farmerswillgrow90%morefoodthantheydidin1985,___8___mostoftheincreasewouldbeincountriesthat___9___produceenoughfoodfortheirpeople.Littleincreaseis___10___inSouthAsia,AfricaandtheMiddleEast.Poorfarmingwaysare___11___largeareasofcropland,changingfarmsintodeserts.Morefarmlandis___12___ascitiesbecomelargerandmorehousesarebuilt.___13___willgetworseasindustrialcountriesburnmorecoalandoil.Manyoftheworld’s___14___coulddisappearasmoreandmoretreesarecutdown.Energywillcontinuetobeaseriousproblem.Theexpertssaytheirpictureoftheearthfortheyear2010___15___.Theyonlycarriedoutthesituationthat___16___today.Bychangingthesituation,by___17___theproblems,thepicturecanbechanged.Thereis___18___timeforthenationsoftheworldtowork___19___aplanofaction.Buttheywarnedthat___20___toolongtomakedecisionswouldgreatlyreducethechancesofsuccess.1.A.learningB.projectC.noticeD.study2.A.pleasedB.pleasantC.safeD.blue3.A.dangerousB.beautifulC.crowdedD.terrible4.A.nomorethanB.asmanyasC.asmuchasD.aslargeas5.A.developingB.developedC.bigD.mountainous6.A.noneB.eachC.allD.neither7.A.insistB.reduceC.increaseD.continue8.A.soB.butC.orD.however9.A.alreadyB.hardlyC.partlyD.never10.A.wantedB.lackedC.foundD.expected11.A.destroyingB.protectingC.disturbingD.interrupting12.A.savedB.lostC.discoveredD.used全力以赴赢在仁杰15中国教育培训领军品牌13.A.AirpollutionB.WaterpollutionC.SomediseasesD.Allfarmland14.A.animalsB.plantsC.forestsD.people15.A.mustbetrueB.willcometrueC.can'tbetrueD.maybewrong16.A.happensB.developsC.existsD.appears17.A.settlingB.workingoutC.answeringD.dealing18.A.noB.stillC.lessD.plentyof19.A.aboutB.inC.outD.for20.A.workingB.suggestingC.spendingD.waiting.全力以赴赢在仁杰16中国教育培训领军品牌全力以赴赢在仁杰17