助力2014高考英语任务型阅读专项特训1

【助力2014】高考英语任务型阅读专项特训（1）第PAGE页【助力2019】高考英语任务型阅读专项特训（1）Howisitthatsiblings(兄弟姐妹)canturnoutsodifferently?Eachsiblinggrowsupinadifferentfamily.Thefirst-bornis,forawhile,anonlychild,andthereforehasacompletelydifferentexperienceoftheparentsthanthosebornlater.Thenextchildis,forawhile,theyoungest,untilthesituationischangedbyanewarrival.Themotherandfatherthemselvesarechangingandgrowinguptoo.Onesiblingmightliveinastableandclosefamilyinthefirstfewyears;anothermightberaisedinafamilycrisis,withadisappointedmotheroranangryfather.Siblingcompetitionwasidentifiedasanimportantshapingforceasearlyasin1918.Butmorerecently,researchershavefoundmanywaysinwhichbrothersandsistersarealastingforceineachothers’lives.Dr.AnnetteHendersonsaysfirst-bornchildrenpickupvocabularymorequicklythantheirsiblings.Thereasonforthismightbethatthelaterchildrenaren’tgettingthesameone-on-onetimewithparents.Butthatdoesn’tmeanthattheyoungerchildrenhaveproblemswithlanguagedevelopment.Later-bornsdon’tenjoythatmuchtalkingtimewithparents,butinsteadtheyharvestlessonsfrombiggerbrothersandsisters,learningentirephrasesandgettinganunderstandingofsocialconceptssuchasthedifferencebetween“I”and“me”.[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]ACambridgeUniversitystudyof140childrenfoundthatsiblingscreatedarichworldofplaythathelpedthemgrowsocially.Love-haterelationshipswerecommonamongthechildren.Eventhosesiblingswhofoughtthemosthadjustasmuchpositivecommunicationastheothersiblingpairs.Onewaychildrenseekmoreattentionfromparentsisbymakingthemselvesdifferentfromtheirsiblings,particularlyiftheyarecloseinage.Researchershavefoundthatthefirsttwochildreninafamilyaretypicallymoredifferentfromeachotherthanthesecondandthird.Girlswithbrothersshowtheirdifferencestoamaximumdegreebybeingmorefemininethangirlswithsisters.A2019researchpaperstudiedadolescentsfrom185familiesovertwoyears,findingthatthosewhochangedtomakethemselvesdifferentfromtheirsiblingsweresuccessfulinincreasingtheamountofwarmththeygainedfromtheirparents.Title:Reasonsforthe(71)___________betweeensiblings[来源:1ZXXK][来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K][来源:1ZXXK][来源:学*科*网]DifferentfamilysituationsThefirstchildlivesinastableandclosefamily,(72)_________thingsdifferentlyfromlaterones.Thenextchildmay(73)__________upinacrisis.Thechild(74)__________laterleadstothechangeofthefamilyagain.Parentsthemselvesarechangingtoo;SiblingcompetitionChildrenmaebe(75)__________bythecompetition.Itisfoundthatbrothersandsistershavealasting(76)___________oneachother.Thefirst-born(77)__________vocabularymorequickly.Theyoungerdon’t(78)__________haveproblemswithlanguage.GrowingsociallyLove-haterelationshipsarecommomamongthechildren.(79)___________moreattentionfromparentsTheywanttobedifferent,especiallyifthe(80)_______inageissmall.Thefirsttwoaremoredifferentfromeachother.Girlswithbrothersarethemostdifferent.DifferentsiblingssucceedingettingmorewarmthKey:71.difference72.experiencing73.grow74.arriving75.shaped76.effect/influence77.learn78.necessarily79.seeking80.gap（2）ThefastdevelopmentofInternetmakesitconvenientforpeopletohaveaccesstothelatestinformationallovertheworld,whichbroadenspeople'shorizons．However,sometimestheInternetisabusedbysometospreadrumors（谣言）onpurpose,resultinginsideeffectonpeople'slife．Therefore,TheInternetSocietyofChinareleasedawrittenproposallastMondaywhichdemandedofInternetcompaniesandwebsitestostrengthenself-disciplineandpreventthespreadofonlinerumors．ThreemajorwebsitesinChinavoicedtheirsolutionsTuesdaytofightagainstonlinerumorsinresponsetothewarningonMonday．Chiefsofsina.com,baidu.comandqq.comhavepromisedthegovernmentthattheywillfirmlycooperatewithrelevantdepartmentstodealwiththeonlinespreadingofrumors,sayingtheywillimproveself-managementandtakeeffectivemeasurestowardthisgoal．．HesaidSinawasmakingeffortstocontrolthereleaseofcontentsonWeibo.comandimproveitsabilitytofindoutandremoverumorspostedonit．Weibo.comandanothermajorChinesemicrobloggingsitet.qq.comstoppedtheircommentfunctionsfromMarch31toApril3aftertheywerepunishedforallowingrumorstospread．AchieffromBaidu.comsaiditwascallingoffillegalandfake（虚假）informationinitssearchresultsanditwouldfurtherincreasetechnicalandmanpowerinvestmenttoremovedisinformation．．Themeasurehasreceivedwidespreadsupportfromusersandnowpeoplecanenjoyarelativecleanandsafenetenvironment．BenefitsoftheInternet●Makingitconvenientforpeopletoaccessthelatestinformation1●Broadeningpeople'shorizons2●Beingabusedbysometospreadrumors3●Havingsideeffectonpeople'slifeAresponsefromgovernmentAproposalwasreleased,_4ofInternetcompaniesandwebsitestostrengthenself-disciplineandpreventthespreadofonlineResponsesfromwebsites●Promisingto5withrelevantdepartmentsfirmly●Improvingself-managementandtakeeffectivemeasuresMeasures6_bythreemajorwebsites◆●Controllingthereleaseofcontentson●Improvingitsabilityto_7andremoverumorspostedonit．◆●Cancelling8andfakeinformationinitssearchresults●Furtherincreasingtechnicalandmanpowerinvestmenttoremovedisinformation．◆●Learningfromthepastexperience●Betteringthesafety9foritsmicrobloggingserviceResults●Themeasurehasreceivedwidespreadsupportfromusers．●Peoplecanenjoyacleanandsafenetenvironment10参考 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 ：tely;4.demanding;5.cooperate;6.taken;7.discover;8.illegal;9.strategy;10.relatively（3）Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhasanideaofitsmeaning.However,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfusing,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives(目标).Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledgeorfacts.Eveninthetruescience,distinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypotheses(假设)andtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientistcontinuestoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandlatertheunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureofthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatend,specialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.However,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtocomebeforethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdevotingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes--forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.The(71)ofscience(72)___________ofscience●Todefinescience,wemay(73)callitclassifiedknowledgeorfacts.●Itisessential,thoughnot(74),forustodistinguishfactfromfiction.ObjectivesofscienceScienceis(75)______atdiscoveringandunderstandingtheunknown.Twobasic(76)___________tonewdiscoveryPurescienceScientists,whomaybeblamedfor(77)______thepracticalsideoftheirwork,makediscoveriesoutof(78)_______.(79)_________scienceKnowledgeisputtoeconomic(80),forexample,improvinghealth,raisinglivingstandardsandcreatingnewproducts.71.nature72.Definition73.simply74.easy76.approaches77.ignoring78.curiosity79.Applied（4）Throwthebottlesandboxesofdrugsoutofyourhouse.Anewtheorysuggeststhatmedicinecouldbebadforyourhealth,whichshouldatleastcomeasgoodnewstopeoplewhocannotaffordtobuyexpensivemedicine.Thisnewtheoryarguesthathealingisatourfingertips:wecanbehealthybydoingYogaonaregularbasis.Supportersofmedicaltreatmentarguethatmedicineshouldbetrustedsinceitiseffectiveandscientificallyproven.TheysaythatthereisnoneedforspiritualmethodssuchasYoga.Thesewasteourtime,somethingwhichisquitepreciousinourmaterialworld.Thereismedicinethatcankillourpain,x-raysthatshowusourbonesorMRIthatscansourbrainfortumors(肿瘤).Wemustadmitthatthesemethodsareveryeffectiveintheexamplesthattheyprovide.However,therearesome“everydaycomplaints”suchasbackpains,headaches,insomnia,whicharetreatedcurrentlywithmedicine.Whenyouhaveaheadache,youtakeanAspirin;whenyoucannotsleep,youtakeXanaxwithoutthinkingofthesideeffectsofthese.Whenyouusethesepillsforalongperiod,youbecomeaddictedtothem;youcannotsleepwithoutthem.Wepayhugeamountsofmoneyandbecomeaddictedinsteadofgettingbetter.Howaboutasaferandmoreeconomicalwayofhealing?WhendoingYoga,youdonotneedanythingexceptyourenergysoitisveryeconomical.ItspopularityhasspreadparticularlythroughoutAmericaandWesternEurope.Inquantum(量子)physics,energyisrecognizedasthefundamentalsubstance(物质)whichtheuniverseconsistsof.Yogadependsontheenergywithinourbodies.Itisasimpleandeffectivewayofrestoringtheenergyflow.Therearenosideeffectsanditisscientificallyexplained.OpponentsofalternativehealingmethodsalsoclaimthatseriousillnessessuchasHIV/AIDSandcancercannotbetreatedwithoutdrugs.Theythinksobecausethesepatientsspendtherestoftheirlivesinthehospitaltakingmedicine.HowcanYogamakethesepeoplehealthyagain?Itisveryunfortunatethatthesepatientshavetoliveinthehospitallosingtheirhairbecauseofchemotherapy(化疗),losingweightbecauseofthesideeffectsofthemedicinetheytake.Actually,itiscommonknowledgethatexceptforwhenthecancerisrecognizedatanearlystage,drugsalsocannottreatAIDSorcancer.Mostofthemedicinesthesepatientsusearetoeasetheirpainandtheirsufferings.Insteadofdrugswhichareexpensiveandhavemanysideeffects,youcanuseyourenergytoovercomethehardshipsoflife,findanemotionalbalance,leavethestressofeverydaylifeandletgooftheeverydayworries.WeshoulddefinitelystartlearningYogaandavoidillnessesbeforeitistoolate.Title:HealthandHealingatYourFingertips(71)▲toanewtheoryAnewtheoryarguesthatdoingYoga(72)▲cankeeppeoplehealthywhilemedicinemightdo(73)▲topeople’shealth.Supportofmedicaltreatment●Peopleshould(74)▲medicineasitisveryusefulforkillingpain.●MedicineiseffectiveandscientificallyprovenwhileYugaisakindofspiritualmethodanddoingYogaisonlya(75)▲oftime.●Illnesses(76)▲HIV/AIDSandcancercanonlybetreatedwithdrugs.SupportofYoga●DoingYogaissaferandnotas(77)▲astakingmedicine.●Mostofthemedicinesthatpatientswithsome(78)▲diseasesusearetoeasetheirpainandtheirsufferingsbutcannotcurethem.●Yogahasnosideeffectsandalsothereisa(79)▲explanation.Itcanrestoretheenergyflowinpeople’sbodies,whichcan(80)▲ouremotions,controlthoughts,overcomethehardshipsoflife,leavethestressofeverydaylifeandletgooftheeverydayworries.71.Introduction72.regularly73.harm74.trust/take75.waste76.like77.expensive78.serious79.scientific80.balance（5）BeggarsareoftenseensittingunderblanketswithheadssadlybowedaspeoplepassthembyinCambridge’smarketcenter．Someaskpeoplepassingbyforchangeandsomejustsitandwaittobegivenmoney．Afewuseaggressivebehaviortoearnmoney．Tosolvetheproblemofaggressivebegging，an“alternativegiving”planhasbeensuggested．Tenbluemoneyboxeswillbeplacedinbusyplacessuchasthemarketandtherailwaystation．Itaimstoencouragepeoplenottogivemoneydirectlytobeggarsbutinsteadtogivegenerouslytolocalhomelesscauses．Supportersofthisplanthinkitwillbeaneffectivewaytosolvethebeggars’alcoholanddrugproblems．Butthepoliceopposetheplanarguingthatbeggarswhodonotreceivecashmayturntocriminality(犯罪)tofeedtheiraddictions．Thehomelesscharity“Crisis”saidthesuccessofanyplanwilldependonitsstyle．Theythinkthatimaginativeandpositiveplanscanhelpcreatelocalunderstandingandsympathyinsteadofhardness．Mostofthebeggarsdisliketheplanbecausetheythinktheywillnotgetenoughmoneyfromtheboxesfortheirshowers，food，andclothes．Beggingisabigsocialproblembothindevelopinganddevelopedcountries．Governmentsmustplayabigroleinsolvingthisproblem．Trainingbeggarstoworkandhelpingthemtofindappropriatejobsisoneoption．Thisisespeciallytruefordevelopingcountrieswheremanylow-skilljobsexist．Thegeneralcommunityshouldalsobeeducatedtoseebeggarsnotasdirtyanddangerous，butaspeoplewhoneedunderstandingandhelp．BeggingproblemIntroductiontothebeggingproblemSomebeggarsask3.________formoney．Somebeggarsjustsitandwaittobegivenmoney．An“alternativeplan”totheproblemInsomebusyplaces，suchasthemarketandrailwaystation，tenblueboxeswillbeplacedto4.peopletogivemoneytolocalhomelesscauses．Different1.______towardsthesuggestedplanSupportersofthisplanthinkitvery5.______tosolvetheproblemsrelatedtobeggars．Thepoliceopposetheplanarguingthebeggarsmayturntocriminalitybecauseof6.______ofcash．Thehomelesscharitysaidthatitremainstobeseenwhetherthisplanwouldwork7．_______．Mostofthebeggarsdisliketheplanbecausethemoneythattheywillgetfromtheboxwillnotbeenoughto8.________theirshowers,foodandclothes．2．totheproblemGovernmentsmustbeactivein9．______thisproblembytrainingbeggarstoworkandhelpingthemtofindproperjobs．Thepublicshouldn'tlook10.____uponbeggarsbutunderstandandhelpthem．1.attitudes2.Solutions3.passers-by4.encourage5.effective6.lack7.successfully/well8.cover9.solving10.down（6）RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvedroundcriminallaw.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupidcrimes.Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattacks,littleeffortisspentonsearching.Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.Athirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforce,theyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservants,theyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetimesomeofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.Ifthedetectivehastodeceivetheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-minded—asheseeit—ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detectivefeel,isthatnine-tenthsoftheirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.Thismakesthemrathercynical(愤世嫉俗的).Policein1.________worldPoliceonTVKnowledgeof2.___lawHehastoknowasmuchasaprofessionallawyerandappliesittotheir3.____work.Thereisno4.________forthemtoknowaboutit.Different5.________timespentHe6.________mostofhisworkinglifetocollectingandprovidingevidenceneededtoprovehiscaseincourt.___.Differentpressures8.________andthepublicputmuchpressureondetectivesandpolicemen.Theygotnopressurefromthepublic.RelationshipwiththesocietyHefeels9.________fromcitizens,astheyholddifferent10.________towardpunishmentofthecriminals.Nocontactwiththepublic.1.real2.criminal3.daily4.need5.ways6.devotes7.ends8.Law9.separated10.attitudes（7）Thereareanumberoflanguagesspokenthroughouttheworld.Everypersonknowsatleastonelanguage,whichhelearnsinhischildhoodandisroutinelyusedforspeakingandwriting.However,manypeoplearefondoflearningtwoormorelanguages,sotheytrytobebilingual,whichmeansthattheytrytohavetheknowledgeoftwoormorelanguages.Andbeingbilingualcanbringapersonanumberofbenefitsinvariousaspects.Forexample:Apersoncangetcognitive(认知的)benefitsfromit.Thebilingualpeoplehavetwoormorewordsforeachideaandobject.Therefore,abilingualpersoncandevelopacreativethinking.Thebilingualsareawareofwhichlanguageshouldbespokenwithwhichpersoninaparticularsituation.Sotheyaremoresensitive(敏感的)totheneedsofthelistenerthanthepeoplewhoonlyuseonelanguage:Beingbilingualalsoimprovesandenrichesaperson'smentaldevelopment.w.w.w.zxxkBeingbilingualhasapositiveeffectonaperson'scharacter.Thebilingualsareabletoswitchbetweendifferentlanguagesandtalktodifferentpeopleinvariouslanguages.Itincreasesasenseofself-esteem(自尊).Beingbilingualcreatesapowerfullinkindifferentpeoplefromdifferentcountries.Abilingualeducationoffersbettercurriculumresults.Thebilingualstendtoshowahigherperformanceinexaminationsandtests.Thebilingualsfinditquiteeasytolearnandspeakthree,fourormorelanguages.Beingbilingualofferspotentialemploymentbenefits.Itoffersawiderchoiceofjobsinvariousfields.Thebilingualscangetagreatmanycareeropportunitiesintransport,tourism,publicrelations,marketingandsales,banking,translation,law,teachingandsoon.Soitcanbeconcludedfromtheabovethatweshouldtryourbesttolearnandmastertwoormorelanguages.Title:1.__________ofbeingbilingualHavingtheknowledgeoftwoormorelanguages.BenefitsCognition●Makeapersonthink3.__________.●Makeapersonmoresensitivetothelistener's4.__________.●Improveandenrichaperson'smentaldevelopment.●Increaseaperson'ssenseof6.________.●Createapowerfullinkindifferentpeoplefromdifferentcountries.Curriculum●Enableapersonto7._____betterinexaminationsandtests.●Makeapersoneasilylearnandspeakmorelanguages.●Offerapersonmore9.__________infindingjobs.Weshouldtryourbesttolearnandmastertwoormorelanguages.4.needs/demands5.Character6.self-esteem7.perform/do8.Employment/Career10.Conclusion（8）Anewsetofbrainimagesshowswhy:ReadingtheRomanalphabetsandChinesecharactersusesdifferentpartsofthebrain.TheresultsalsosuggestthatChineseschoolchildrenhavereadingproblemsinadifferentpartofthebrainusedinreadingalphabet-basedlanguages.Thisshowsthatthelearningdisorderdyslexia(inabilitytoreadproperly)isnotthesameinverycultureanddoesnothaveauniversalbiologicalcause.   Scientistsdescribedtheresultsas“veryimportantandrevolutionary”.Whiledyslexiahascertaincommonroots,theysaid,theynowhavesomeproofthatthiskindoffunctionalproblemworksdifferentlyaccordingtothedifferentdemandsthatWesternandEasternlanguagesplaceonthebrain.   Dyslexiaisacommondevelopmentaldisorderinwhichpeopleofnormalintelligencehavedifficultylearningtoread,spellandmasterotherlanguageskills.Theresultssuggestthattreatingdyslexiaaroundtheworldprobablywillrequiredifferenttreatments.   “Readingiscomplex,”saidGuinevereEden,GeorgetownUniversityprofessor.“Thisshowsweneedtobemoreopen-mindedaboutdiversetreatmentapproaches.”Itsoriginsarecomplex.Thereappearstobeageneticaspecttotheillness.Italsomayresultfrombraininjurybeforebirththatchangesvisualandhearingpathwaysinthebrain.   EarlierbrainscansshowthatEnglish-readingdyslexicsdon’tfunctionproperlyinaleftpartofthebrainassociatedwiththeawarenessof44soundsfromtheEnglishalphabet.However,accordingtothenewstudy,readingChineseusessomedifferentpartsofthebrainlocatedintheleft-frontofthebrain.Itisassociatedwithsymbolinterpretation.Unlikealphabetletters,Chinesecharactersrepresententirethoughtsandphysicalobjects.DyslexiaDefinitionalearning(1)______inwhichpeopleof averageIQfindit(2)_____tolearntoreadandacquireotherlanguageskillsOriginsGeneticcausesorbrain(3)______beforebirth,whichaffects(4)andhearingabilities Findingoftheearlierstudy(5)_____readingdyslexicsdon’tfunctionproperlyinaleftpartofthebrainDiscoveryofthenewstudyReadingChineseusesthe(6)_____partofthebrainConclusionReadingRomanalphabetsandreadingChinesecharactersplacedifferent(7)____onthebrain.Dyslexiaisnotthesameinevery(8)_____anddoesnothavethesame(9)_____roots.(10)_______Dyslexianeedstobetreatedindifferentways（9）Peoplesayteenagersarenogood.Theymaketoomuchnoiseinshoppingmalls;theydrivereckless高考资源网lyupanddownAmerica’smainstreets;theycarrychipsontheirshouldersasbigastheSearsTower.Andatleastsomeofthetimethosethingsaretrue.Butweshouldn’tforgetthattherearehardmomentsinthelifeofateenagertoo.　　Iwatchedsuchamomentnotlongagoatawoman’sfuneral(葬礼).Ididn’texpecttheeventtoaffectme.Throughmuchoftheceremony,infact,Iremaine