(完整word版)新译林8AUnit8Naturaldisasters知识总结,推荐文档

8AUnit8Naturaldisasters一.词汇拓展1.shakev.→shaking(n.)摇动2.directv.→direction(n.)方向3.livev.→alive(adj.)活着的4.safeadj.→safety(n.)安全5.fear(n.)→fearful(adj.)可怕的、担心的二.重点短语1.washaway冲走wash代词awaybeallwet全湿了starttorain开始下雨wakeup醒来wake代词upwakeup+名词mopupthewater把水拖干净crashintoatree撞在树上startbigfire引起大火fallfromthetree从树上掉下来aheavystormwiththunderandlightening伴有雷电的大暴雨catchfire着火11.intheearlymorning在清晨12.feelaslightshake感觉到轻微的晃动13.hearaloudnoiselikethunder听到像雷声的噪音14.starttoshake开始摇晃shakehandswithsb.15.screaminfear恐惧地尖叫16.runoutofthebuilding跑出楼房17.trymybesttorunout尽我所能的跑出18.begintocalmdown开始平静下来19.saytooneself自言自语20.calmdown平静下来21.silentsilencesilently安静寂静的22.notatall一点也不23findone’swayout找到出路24.hearaboutthefire听说火灾hearof听说hearfrom收到...的来信Wasanyonehurt?有没有受伤？hurtv.adj.fearv.fearfulfearless害怕Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind.一丝恐惧掠过我的脑海。27.directionn.inalldirections方向,方位四面八方28.shoutforhelp大声呼救shoutat因为责备而大叫shoutto因为距离远而大叫29.pulloneselfslowlythroughthedark把自己从黑暗中拉出30.trytofindmywayout试着找到我的出路31.hearsomenoiseaboveme听到我头顶上有噪音32.hearshoutsfromexcitedpeople听到兴奋人们的叫喊声133.moveawaythebricks移走砖头34.seethebrightdaylight看见明亮的日光35.as⋯aspossible尽可能36.coveryourmouthandnosewiththewettowel用.湿毛巾盖住你的嘴和鼻子37.thebuildingonfire着火的房子38.gotohighground去高出39.hideunderstrongdesk藏在坚硬的桌下40.followtrafficrules遵守交通规则41.protectyourselffromthethicksmoke保护自己免受浓烟tellustogohomeearly告诉我们早点回家becauseoftheheavysnow因为大雪askmetogohome叫我回家keepfollowingaroundus保持跟随在我们周围hearthewindblowing听到风吹losemyumbrellainthewind在风中弄丢了我的伞walkslowlyinthedeepsnow在深雪中慢慢行走arriveatthebusstop到达汽车站hearthenoiseofthetraffic听到交通的噪音hitBeijing袭击北京52.Whathappened?发生了什么？sthhappentosb某.事发生在某人身上happentodo碰巧做某事53.atfirst=firstofall=inthebegining首先，起初54.aliveadj.作表语活着的livingadj.作定语有生命的55.hourslater=aftersomehours56.safeadj.safetyn.safelyadv.keeponeselfsafekeepawayfrom57.breakdown故障，抛锚breakup打破，破碎breakaway脱离breakin打断，闯入breakinto破门而入breakoff折断，突然停止breakout爆发58.howtodealwithwhattodowith59.clear...from从...清理三.重点句子Iwassleepingwhenitstartedtorain.我正在睡觉，突然下起雨来。Didn’tyouheartherain?你没听到下雨吗？WhowillmopupthewaterifIgowithoutyou?你如果你不和我一起去的话，谁把水拖干净呢?4.Iwassleepingwhentheearthquakestarted地.震开始的时候我在睡觉。5.Outside,thepeoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassesandbrickswerefallingdown.外面，碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来，人们四处逃散。6.Icouldnotseeanythingatall,andIdidn’tknowifanyoneelsewasnearme.我根本看不见任何东西也不知道是否有人在我附近。7.Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind,butItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.我的脑海中滤过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。8.Luckily,therewasjustenoughspaceformetomove.幸运的是，有足够的空间让我移动。29.Iwaswalkingtothebusstop.我走向公交车站。10.Wereyouwaitingforataxi?你在等出租车吗？11.Hewasringingsomeonetocomeandhelpwhenyousawus.你看见我们的时候他在打电话向人求助12.When/while/AsMilliewaswatchingTV,Andycameintotheroom.当Millie在看电视时，Andy走进的房间。13.MillewaswatchingTVwhenAndycameintotheroom..当Millie在看电视时，Andy走进的房间。14.WhenSimonarrived,Amywasgettingsomesnowfromtheground.Simon到的时候Amy从地面上拿了些雪。16.Whatshouldwedowhentheearthquakehappens?地震发生时我们应该做什么？17.Whatshouldwedowhenthereisaflood?发洪水时我们应该做什么？18.whatshouldwedoifourbuildingisonfire?我们得房子着火了我们应该做什么？Ishareanumbrellawhilewewerewalkingtothebusstop.走向汽车站时我分享我的伞。Whenwearrivedatthebusstop,wesawmanypeoplewaitingthere当.我们到达车站时，我们看见许多人在那里等待。Peopleweretryingtoclearthesnowfromthestreets人.们试图将街上的雪扫除。四.词句解析1.mindn.头脑，想法v.介意；在乎[拓展](1)mind用作名词时，其常用搭配：bodyandmind身心makeupone'smindtodosth下定决心去做某事(2)mind用作动词时，其常用搭配：minddoingsth介意做某事mindsb/one'sdoingsth介意某人做某事Nevermind.不介意，没关系。(3)“Would/Doyoumind＋n./pron./v.-ing？”意为“您介意⋯⋯吗？”。此句型的答语要针对mind进行回答。表示“介意，在乎”时，用“Yes”，后跟句子表示“不让对方做某事”；表示“不介意，不在乎”时，用“No”，后跟句子表示“允许对方做某事”。—Doyoumindmyclosingthewindow?你介意我关上窗户吗？—Yes,you'dbetternot.是的(介意),你最好别关。—No,certainlynot.当然不介意(你可以关上)。2.⋯butItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.⋯⋯但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。[点拨](1)calmdown意为“冷静下来”，为“动词＋副词”结构的短语，可单独使用，也可加宾语。宾语是名词时，可放在两词中间或down后面；宾语是代词时，只能放在两词中间。Calmdown！We'llfindher.3镇定点儿！我们会找到她的。Itwasdifficulttocalmdownthefootballfans.要使那些足球迷们平静下来是困难的。Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.他深吸了几口气来让自己平静下来。(2)since在本句中意为“既然；由于”，引出既成事实。Sinceyouliketheflowersomuch,whydon'tyoubuyit?既然你这么喜欢这枝花，为什么不把它买下来呢？五.语法过去进行时掌握过去进行时was/were+doing表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一阶段一直进行的动作，其肯定、否定和疑问形式如下：was/were(+not)ingformIwas(+not)You/We/Theywere(+not)dancing.He/She/Itwas(+not)WasIWereyou/we/theydancing?Washe/she/itIwas.Yes,you/we/theywere.he/she/itwas.Iwasnot/wasn’t.No,you/we/theywerenot/weren’t.he/she/itwasnot/wasn’t.while,when,as掌握while和when在过去进行时中的用法：表示两个持续性的动作在过去同时发生用while，when后接一个短暂性的动作。持续性的动作用过去进行时，短暂性的动作用一般过去时。e.g.：IwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV..Thebellrangwhilehewasreadingbooks.Whenthebellrang,hewasreadingbooks.(以上这两句主从句前后可以互换)1、“主短从长”型：即主句是一个短暂性动作，而从句是一个持续性动作，此时三者都可用。如：Jimhurthisarmwhile［when，as］hewasplayingtennis.吉姆打网球时把手臂扭伤了。AsWhen，While］shewaswaitingforthetrain，shebecameveryimpatient.她在等火车时，变得很不耐烦。2、“主长从长”型：即主句和从句为两个同时进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调主句动作或状态延续到从句所指的整个时间，此时通常要用while。IalwayslistentotheradiowhileI’mdriving.我总是一边开车一边听收音机。4Hedidn’taskmein;hekeptmestandingatthedoorwhilehereadthemessage.他没有让我进去，他只顾看那张条子，让我站在门口等着。但是，若主句和从句所表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边⋯⋯一边”之意时，则习惯上要用as。如：Heswunghisarmsashewalked.他走路时摆动着手臂。3、“主长从短”型：即主句是一个持续性动作，而从句是一个短暂性动作，此时可以用as或when，但不能用while。如：Itwasraininghardwhen[as]wearrived.我们到达时正下着大雨。When[As]hecamein,Iwaslisteningtotheradio.他进来时，我在听收音机。4.过去进行时+while+过去进行时一般过去时+while+过去进行时过去进行时+when+一般过去时即时自测用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.Luckily,Tom’sflightlanded________(safe)attheairport.2.WhenIgothome,mydaughter________(do)herhomework.3.Herbehaviour________(deep)troubledus.单项选择()1.-YesterdaySuzyfelloverandwashurtbadlywhileshe____asnowball.-I'msorrytohearthat.A.madeB.wasmakingC.makesD.ismaking()2.Thegirlsaresinginganddancing________theboysareplayingfootball.A．WhenB．asC．SinceD．While()3.MycousinDanielisoldenoughtodress．A．herselfB．himselfC．yourselfD．myself()4.—Doyoumind________？—Ofcoursenot.A．myclosingthewindowB．ifIclosethewindowC．IclosingthewindowD．A&B()5.________nobodyisabsent,let’sbeginourclass.A．WhenB．ButC．SinceD．While()6.Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp______itisneeded.D.whenA.unlessB.sinceC.although5