2019精选教育句子成分讲解与练

句子成分讲解与练习?句子的主要成分为:?主语，谓语，宾语， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语，?定语，补语，状语,同位语?Imetmybestfriend,Tom,atthestationyesterday.主语谓语宾语同位语地点和时间状语定语主语：句子说明的人或事物（句子所叙述的主体）。能够充当主语的词，通常有名词，数词，不定式，动名词，主语从句?Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.?WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.?One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.?Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.?Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.?Therichshouldhelphispoor.?WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.?Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.形式主语It做形式主语。为避免头重脚轻和加强句子的紧凑性，用it做形式主语，真正的主语放在后面。?ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.?Itisnormalthatgirlslikeflowers.?Itisourdutytoprotectourenvironment.?Ittooktwoworkersthreeweekstobuildthehouse.?Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.?Youarenotfarfromwrong.?Threeisenough.?Tosayitisonething;todoitisanotherthing.?Itwouldbenicetoseehimagain.?Watchingafilmisapleasure.?Theoldaretoreceivemoremoney.?Wheneveryouarereadywillbefine.?Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.?Toseeistobelieve.?Smokingisbadforhealth.?Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.?whathehassaidistrue.?Thesunrisesintheeast.?Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.?Itisveryclearthattheelephantisill.谓语：说明主语所做的动作；谓语通常由动词和动词短语来充当，具有各种时态，语态和语气的变化1,简单谓语：有一个动词或动词短语构成?Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2,复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词和实义动词构成。?Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.?Hehascaughtabadcold.及物动词：后可直接加宾语。如：accept,borrow,buy,discover,forget,cover,love,use,guess,enjoy不及物动词：后不可加宾语或不可直接加宾语。如：apologize,appear,arrive,go,come,stand,swim?Theroomcanholdtwentypeople.?Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill.?Helookedaftertwoorphans.?HecanspeakEnglishwell.?Hehascaughtabadcold.?Whathappened??Heworkedhardalldaytoday.?Theplanetookoffatteno'clock.?Iamreading.系动词(不是具体特定的动作)：后加表语，用于描述主语的身份，特征，性质和状态。?状态系动词：be{am,is,are,waswere}（是）Heisateacher.?持续系动词：keep,remain,stay（保持，持续）Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.?表象系动词:seem,appear,look(似乎，好像，看起来)Helookstired.?感官系动词：feel,look,smell,sound,tasteThiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.?变化系动词：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,comeHebecamemadafterthataccident.?终止系动词：prove,turnout(证实，证明，变成)?Thenewsproved/turnedoutfalse.Keep,stay,grow,look,turn,fall,get,go,come也可以做实义动词：?Keep保持，阻止keepsbfromdoing?Stay留下?Grow成长，种植?Look看，lookat?Turn转变，改变方向?Fall落下来?Get得到，获取?Go去，come来表语：系动词之后，说明主语的身份，特征和状态。主要有形容词，名词，代词，数词，动名词，分词，介词短语及表语从句来充当。?OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.?Isityours??Theweatherhasturnedcold.?Thespeechisexciting.?Threetimessevenistwentyone.?HisjobistoteachEnglish.?Hishobbyisplayingfootball.?Themachinemustbeoutoforder.?Timeisup.Theclassisover.?Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.?Thewarwasover.?Theyseemtoknowthetruth.?Timeisprecious.?ThebookiswhatIneed.?Weareseven.?Isanybodyin??AllIcoulddoistowait.?Myanswertohisthreatwastohithimonthenose.?Iwassosurprisedatthenews.?ThisiswhereIfirstmethim.?Ourdreamhascometrue.?Hefeltsick.?Theygrowcrazyabouttakingphotos.Thechildrenover8areadmittedintothetheater.Therearemanybirdsintheappletree.宾语：动作的对象或承受者。一般位于及物动词之后，介词之后也跟宾语。主要有，名词，代词，数词，动名词和to不定式及宾语从句来充当?Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.?Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.?Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.?Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday。?Hepretendednottoseeme.?Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.?Ithinkthatheisfitforhisoffice.?Ifinditimpossibletofinishtheworkintwodays.?Wemakeitaruletogetupat7o'clock.形式宾语不定式，动词-ing或从句做宾语，宾语后有宾补时，常用it做形式宾语注意：①有些及物动词后可跟双宾语?bringsbsth-----bringsthtosb（调节位置用to）give,read,sing,return,show,tell,teach,send等?buysbsth------buysthforsb(调节位置用for)find,choose等例子：?Ireturnthestorybooktohim.?Iwillfindanotherchanceforyou.?Iwillgetyousometea.?Passmethatbook,please.?Ihaveboughtyousomefruit.注意②有些动词后可以跟复合宾语动词+宾语+宾补?Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.?Ifindthebookveryinteresting.?Passmethatbook,please.?Ihaveboughtyousomefruit.观察一下，双宾语之间的关系和宾语与宾补的关系补语：补充说明主语或宾语的状态?HisfathernamedhimDongming.?Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.?Letthefreshairin.?Youmustn'tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.?Wesawherenteringtheroom.?Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的状态?常可以跟宾补的动词如下：⑴find(发现),leave(任由放任),keep(使---保持)VT+宾语Ifoundthestreetmandead.Youshouldnotkeepmewaitingforyououtdoors.Don'tleavethewaterrunning.doingdoneadjadvprep--⑵feel,see,notice,watch,hear,smell等+宾语+do/doing/done1.Isawhimplaybasketballbesidethelakeyesterday.2.Isawhimplayingbasketballbesidethelake.3.Isawhimtakenawaybyastranger.⑶make+宾语+do/done/n/adj?Wemakehimourbestfriend.?Thestorymademesad.?Hespokealoudtomakehimselfheard.?ImadeTomcleanthehouseyesterday.?Wemakeitaruletosavesomemoneyeverymonth.?⑷?getsbtodo=makesbdo=havesbdo=letsbdo?getsthdone=havesthdone?want/force/advise/allow/ask/tell/order/warn/expectsbtodo总结：当宾补是动词时，宾语与宾补是主谓关系；Isawhimplayingbasketballbesidethelake.宾补是其他形式是，宾语与宾补是主系表关系。Wemakeitaruletosavesomemoneyeverymonth.也就是说，句子宾补的形式依据宾语的要求而定。?Ifoundthebookboring.?Doyousmellsomethingburning??Hemadehimselfknowntothem.?Sheaskedmetolendherabook.?Pleasekeepthedogout.?Wemustkeeptheaccidentasecret.?Hermotherdoesn'tallowhertogooutaloneintheevening.?ThenamedthechildTom.定语：用来修饰名词或代词。作定语的除了形容词外，还有代词，数词，名词，介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语。定语有前置定语和后置定语。?Gulinisabeautifulcity.?Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.?Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.?HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.?Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.?Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.?HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.?ThisisthehousewhereLuXunoncelived.?Shelikestheyellowdress.?Threepeoplewereabsentfromyesterday'smeeting.?Thelibrarytobeopennextmonthisthebiggestofthiscity.?Thepictureonthewallwasdrawnbymyson.?ThemanupstairsisaprofessorofShandongUniversity.?Thecarwhichisparkedoutsideismine.状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词或这个句子，一般表示行为或状态发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，原因，结果，程度等。?Lighttravelsfast.?Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.?Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.?Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.?Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue,?Howaboutmeetingagainatsix??Lastnightshedidn'tgotothepartybecauseoftherain.?Ishallgothereifitdoesn'train.?MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.?Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.?Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.?Inordertocatchupwithothers,Imustworkharder.?Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.?Iamtallerthanheis.?Shewalkedslowlyalongtheriver.?Tomisdoinghisworkathome.?Ayoungmanstoodtherestaringatthesea.?Theysatonthedesksidebyside.?Ifyoucanbuymeaticket,Iwillgototheconcertwithyou.?Afterwritingdownmyname,heaskedmesomequestions.?Shallwegoshoppingthisweekend？?Peopleoftenmakemistakes.同位语：对句中某一名词或代词作进一步解释，说明，可以做同位语的有名词，代词，数词和从句。?MrSmith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.?Hehimselftoldmethathisbrother，John，isaworld-famousdoctor.?Hemadeapromisethathewouldnevercomelate.?WeChinesewillbeproudofyou.?Thenewsthathediedmademeverysad.?Hissuggestionthatweshouldmakeuseoftimeisveryuseful.?记忆背诵句子成分定义?预习句子结构