U1Languagepoints（优秀课件）

Newphrases第三大州用…方法，借助决不，一点也不此外，除…之外还有与…斗争，与打架赢得…独立在…安顿下来，定居习惯新的生活方式，谋生保持，继续，鼓起thethirdlargeststatebymeansofbynomeansinaddition(to)fightagainstgainone’sindependencesettleinspmakealifekeepup1.diversity=variety多样性、变化adiversityofvegetablesdiversifyvt.使…多样性，使…不同diversifyone’sskills/interestsWeshoulddiversifythesyllabus(教学大纲）toattractmorestudents.Acompanyshoulddiversify.2.illustratevt.说明、阐明（用图示、实例等）Thelecturerillustratedthetheorywithexamples.Pleaseillustratehowtousethemachine.illustrationn.实例bywayofillustration以实例说明3.Californiaisthethirdlargeststateinthe…序数词可以修饰形容词的最高级TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.可以修饰形容词最高级的词：far/byfar/much可以修饰比较级的词：no/alittle/abit/any/slightly/byfarYou’restandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove____?AabitfarBalittlefartherCabitoffartherDalittlefar4.populationun/cn.人口ThepopulationofChina_______large.And70%ofthepopulationofChina_________peasants.表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数，表示部分人口时谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用large/small.isare对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用What’sthepopulationof….?What’sthepopulationofGuangdong?haveapopulationof….有多少人口Chinahasapopulationof1.3billion.anincrease/growthinpopulation人口5.multi-“多、多方面、多方向”multi-colored多色的multi-racial多民族的multi-media多媒体multiparty多党制的6.ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化特质的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld是现在分词的完成时作state的定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句whichhasattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.liveon继续生活或存在。如：Picassoisdeadbuthispaintingsliveon.毕加索人已作古，但他的画却完事流传。7.WhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,…宾语从句=theplacethatwenowknowasCalifornia.定语从句GeorgeWashingtonwasbornin______isnowthestateofVirginia.whichB.whereC.thatD.what=GeorgeWashingtonwasbornintheplacethatisnowthestateofVirginia.D1)PudongDevelopmentZoneisnolongeraruralarea________itusedtobe.2)PudongDevelopmentZoneisnolonger________itusedtobe.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.thereCA定语从句,先行词是area,that作关系代词表语从句8.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.Itislikely/possible/probablethat…sb/sthislikelytodosth某人/物有可能做某事注意:likely比较级为likelier,最高级为likelieste.g.Sheis______tosucceed.她有可能会成功.=Itislikelythatshewillsucceed.likelyThisisa______story.这是一个有可能发生的 故事 滥竽充数故事班主任管理故事5分钟二年级语文看图讲故事传统美德小故事50字120个国学经典故事ppt .likely辨析:likely,possible,probable按可能性程度,probable可能性最大,其次为likely,最小为possible.但需要注意的是,likely的主语可以是人,但possible,probable却只能用形式主语it.9.ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.bymeansof:byusing依靠、凭借那个囚犯从秘密通道逃走了。Theprisonerescapedbymeansofasecrettunnel.思想可以凭借音乐的形式来表现。Thoughtscanbeexpressedbymeansofmusic.means:Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried.Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyair.byallmeans无论如何、当然可以bynomeans一点也不、绝不Wecansucceed______________(通过)hardwork.Youcangetthere__________________________(乘坐多种交通工具).bymeansofbymanymeansoftransport10.Inthe16thcentury,afterthearrivalofEuropeans,thenativepeoplesufferedgreatly.在16世纪,欧洲人到来之后,当地人陷入了极大的苦难。vi.受痛苦；受损害vt.遭受；忍受suffer辨析：suffer与sufferfrom　suffer(vt.)和sufferfrom的区别：suffer指一般的损害、痛苦等等,其宾语为pain,loss,grief,insult,punishment,wrong,hardship,injustice,discouragement,disappointment,setback(挫折)，但sufferfrom表示遭受战争，自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之意。suffertheresult/heavylosses/injuries承受结果/遭受大损失/负伤sufferfromheadache/illness/war/theflood遭受头痛/疾病的困扰/战争／洪水11.force…into…强迫…成为、做、进入…Theyforcedhimintosigning(tosign)thepaper.Heforcedhisfeetintohisshoes.Shewasforcedintocrimebycircumstances.她为境遇所迫而犯罪。Thefellowforcedhiswayintomyhome.那家伙强行闯入我家。12.Inaddition,manydiedfromthediseasebroughtbytheEuropeans.inadditionto:除此之外,另外,加之e.g.Imetmypastteacherandsomeformerclassmates__________inthesupermarket.我在超市里遇见了我以前的老师,还有些同班同学.inaddition_____________cakesandcandies,guestswerealsoprovidedwithfruits.除了有蛋糕和糖果,还给客人们准备了水果.Inadditionto辨析：diefrom,dieofdieof死于疾病、饥饿,多指内部原因。diefrom常用死于创伤、交通事故,多指外部未知原因。dieofcancer/hunger/sorrow/thirst/oldage死于癌症／饥饿／悲痛／干旱／衰老diefromawound/overwork/anunknowncause死于外伤／过度劳累／不明原因Manyofthemdiedofstarvation.Thesoldierdiedfromawoundinthebreast.Somedieofhunger,butsome_____eatingtoomuch.A.diefromB.fromC.XD.ofbroughtbyEuropeans为过去分词作定语,相当于whichwerebroughtbyEuropeans,注意单个分词作定语放在所修饰的词前面,分词短语作定语需放在所修饰的词之后.Englishisa___________language.英语是一种被广泛使用的语言.widelyusedThisisoneoftheschools_____in1980s.这是八十年代所建的学校之一.built13.However,somesurvivedtheseterribletimes,andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericanslivinginCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.tocontinuetoliveorexistinspiteofadangerouseventortime.幸免,幸免于难e.g.Only12ofthe140passengers_________在140名乘客中只有12人幸免于难.survivesurvivedlivinginCalifornia为现在分词短语作定语,相当于定语从句wholiveinCalifornia.现在分词一般表示经常性的动作或现在的状态,也可以表示动作现在正在发生或者与谓语动词所表示的的动作同时发生.e.g.TherearethreetypesoftigerlivinginChina(thatliveinChina).目前中国有三种虎.Thepicturehanging(thatishanging)onthewallispaintedbymynephew.墙上挂着的那幅画是我侄儿画的.14.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcentury,whentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtooktheirland.16世纪早期,西班牙士兵到达南美洲,这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。fightfor“为事业,自由,真理,权利等而斗争(战斗)”　fightagainst(可用with)theenemy“为反对……而斗争”；接人和国家名词，意思是“与……战斗”。辨析:fightagainst,fightfor与fightwith　fightwithsb.也可表示与某人并肩作战fightawar/battle打一场战争Theyarefightingforfreedom.他们正为自由而战。15.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen….在第一批来到加利福尼亚的西班牙人中大多数是来向土著人传授天主教教义的传道士。1)句中Spanish前面有序数词限定成分，故其后用不定式定语形式。ShewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize.the/amajority(of)大多数、大部分The/Amajorityofthecountryspeak(s)English.The/Amajorityofstudentswere/wasagainstthepolicy.Themajorityis/arealwaysabletoimpose(强加）its/theirwillontheminority.majorityn.大多数…Themajority____________forthebudget.Themajorityofstudents________hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage_______easytorepair.单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。minority少数……was/wereare/isisbein(the/a)majority占多数、过半数1).Thosewhoarefortheproposal_______.inthemajorityB.arethemajorityC.areinthemajorityD.isinthemajority2).Thenumberofstudentsinourclass___63andthemajorityofthem___cleverandworkhard.is;isB.are;areC.is;areD.are;is3)Youngpeoplewereinthemajorityatthemeeting.(Translate)√√16.However,thereisstillastrongSpanishinfluenceinthestate.influencen.影响力,作用,有影响的人或物e.g.Claude’sworkhad_________________ongenerationsofmusicians.克劳德的作品对几代音乐家都产生过重要影响.HermothersaidthatIwas_______________onherdaughter.她母亲说我对她女儿产生了很坏的影响.amajorinfluenceabadinfluence17.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.1)remain的用法:remain用作不及物动词,意为“剩下、留下、呆在”,相当于stay。如:When the others had gone, Joan remained (=stayed) to clean the room.  别人走了,琼留下来清扫房间。stay通常指在某地呆一段时间而不离开,或暂时住在某地,尤指宾客逗留,而remain指别人已经走了,而某人仍在原地。注意: “呆在那里”可以说remain /stay there, 但“呆在家里”只能说stay (at) home。 remain作连系动词,意为“一直保持,仍然处于某种状态中”, 后可接多种成分作表语。注意: ① remain 作名词时,表示“剩余物”,一般用其复数形式。如:The remains of a meal can be given to a pig. 残汤剩饭可以喂猪。They found some remains of the Tang Dynasty. 他们发现一些唐代遗物。② remaining 是形容词,意为“剩余的”,常作前置定语;而left则只能作后置定语。如:There are only 5 books left. 只剩下五本书了。He bought me a gift with the remaining money. 他用剩余的钱给我买了一件礼物。Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___whether they will enjoy it. A. to see    B. to be seen     C. seeing    D. seen 2)makealife开始新的生活Theygotobigcitiestomakealife.他们去大城市开始新的生活。关于life的短语：earn/make/getaliving谋生lead/livea...life过着......的生活18.BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.到1850年加利福尼亚选举成为美国的第31个州为止，她已经成为一个多元文化的社会。“bythetime+从句”作时间状语，若从句用一般过去时,主句常用过去完成时;若从句用一般现在时,主句就用将来完成时。Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold,hehadlearntmathsallbyhimself.elect vt.1.选举;推选TheyelectedTomastheirrepresentative.他们选举汤姆作为他们的代表。Weelectedourmonitorbyashowofhands.我们举手选举了班长。2.选择,决定[+to-v]19....itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.......,但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东部海岸的铁路而来到加利福尼亚的。本句用了强调句Itis(was)被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。原句：Myfatherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.强调主语：Itwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.强调宾语：Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.强调时间：Itwasyesterdayeveningthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentinthelab.(注意不用when)强调地点：Itwasinthelabthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentyesterdayevening.练习：1)Itwaslastnight___Iseethecomet.A.thetime　B.when　C.that　　D.which强调句的结构是：It+be+强调部分+that(who)+主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用“who”，其余用that。2).Itistenyears___MissGreenreturnedtoCanada.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as考点是连词用法。本题易误选为A.其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉Itbe…that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉“Itis…that”,只剩下tenyearsMissGreenreturnedtoCanada.不成句。因此本句不是强调句。20.alargepercentagehavechosen…=alargepercentageofChinese-Americanshavechosen…...1).Alargepercentageofpopulationliveinbigcities.2).这宾馆很大比例的收入来自于游览这湖的游客。Alargepercentageofthehotel’sincomecomesfromthevisitorstothelake.3).Onlyasmallpercentageofstudentsareforeigners.percent(用在数词后）（其余都用percentage)Theresultisexpressed_______________(以百分比)._______________________(比例越来越大)ofthepopulationowntheirownhouses.____________________(大部分)peoplecame.____________________(百分之五十的学生)cameformworker’sfamily.asapercentageAnincreasingpercentageAlargepercentageof50percentofstudents21.establishatown建立城镇establishanewbusiness开创新事业establishfriendlyrelationswith…建立友好关系…establishthathewasright.证明他是对的。22.…whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.保持；坚持Themanageraskedtheworkerstokeepupthework.经理要求工人们继续干活。继续；持续Therainkeptupfortwodaysandtheroadswereflooded.雨持续下了两天，路面积水成灾。23.Inmorerecentdecades,CaliforniahasbecomehometopeoplefromAsia,includingKoreans,CambodiansVietnameseandLaotians.最近几十年,加利福尼亚成了亚洲人的家乡,其中包括柬埔寨人、朝鲜人、越南人和老挝人。这是一个简单句。句中有inthepastfewyears,inrecentyears等时间状语时,句子的谓语动词通常用现成完成时，如:Inthepasttenyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.另外,including是介词,意为“包括(于……之中)”。24.immigratevi.(to/into)移居，迁入他很小时从爱尔兰移民到美国Asachild,heimmigratedtotheUSfromIreland.immigrationn.immigrationlaws移民法immigrant(s)n.theEuropeanimmigrants25.Itisbelievedthat…Itissaidthat…Itishopedthat…Itissupposedthat…Itissuggestedthat…Itisreportedthat主语从句ItisreportedthatsomeEuropeancountriesarefloodedseverely.Itishopedthatthecostofmedicalcarecanbecutdown.26.mix混合n.混合，混乱V.1).Wehavetocomeupwithamix(n.)ofpoliciestopleasethevoters.（折中）2).Youcanmixyellowandbluetogethertomakegreen.3).Wecannotmixworkwithpleasure.mixturen.混合物,混合体4).这种饮料是三种不同饮料的混合物Thedrinkisamixtureof3differentsortsofdrinks.amixtureofsadnessandanger/waterandoilvi.混合，使……结合1).Oilandwaterdon’tmix2).Oildoesn’tmixwithwater.3).TomandJohnmixlikeoilandwater.4).Igot/wasmixedupatfirst.头脑混乱5).Hewasmixedupinthescandal.(丑闻)牵连到6).Don’tgetmixedupwiththem.与……交往,有联系Successisa___ofasharpmindandhardtrainingratherthanjusttalking.A.mixtureB.thoughtC.timeD.action★27.nationality国籍1).她是美国国籍但住在中国。ShehasAmericannationalitybutlivesinChina.2).-你是哪国人？-中国人--What’syournationality?--Chinese