一般将来时讲解与习题

一般将来时讲解与练习 一、一般将来时的概念: 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 二、一般将来时的结构:(有两类不同的结构) Ⅰ主语+shall(在英式英语中,只用于第一人称)/ will(在英式英语中,用于第二、三人称)+动词(原形)【美式英语则不管什么人称,一律用will,因此美式英语只有一种结构:主语+ will+动词(原形)】 肯定句式:主语+ will + 动词(原形)+ 其它. 【主语+ will = 主语’ll】 否定句式:主语+ will + not + 动词(原形)+ 其它. 【will not = won’t】 一般疑问句:will + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它? 注:英式英语中现在也趋向于所有人称都用will,因此,现在比较少见到I shall或We shall Ⅱ主语+ be going to +动词(原形)+ 其它. 肯定句式:主语+ be going to +动词(原形)+ 其它. 否定句式:主语+ be + not + going to +动词(原形)+ 其它. 一般疑问句:Be + 主语+ going to +动词(原形)+ 其它? 注:主语+ be going to + 动词原形‖表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。 三、一般将来时的判断标志词 tomorrow , the day after tomorrow , next + 时间,in + 一段时间, in + 将来的年代, at once , this afternoon , this evening , soon , in the future , some day , from now on , and so on. 四、一般将来时的基本用法 1. ①表示将来发生的行为或存在的状态,常与tomorrow; in 2020;next week(year ,month), from now on,soon, some day, the day after tomorrow,in(the)future, in five days(再过五天),in two weeks(再过二星期)等表示将来的时间状语连用。 Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗? He will arrive here tomorrow morning. 他将于明天早上到达这里。 Don’t worry. I will be back in three days.别担心,我三天之后就回来了 ②在时间状语和条件状语从句中,表示将来的时候,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时: When it gets warmer the snow will start to melt.当气候变暖时,雪将开始融化。 I will go swimming if it doesn’t rain tomo rrow. 如果明天不下雨,我将去游泳。 2. 表示将来的常见方法1)be going to +不定式,表示将来。 ①与人连用时往往有―意图、意向、打算、目的在于……‖等含义 We are not going to have a picnic. 我们不打算去野炊。 Are you going to buy him a gift? 你打算给他买礼物吗? ②根据客观的迹象预示着… I’m going to leave at the end of this week. 我打算在这周末离开。 Look at the clouds, --- there is going to be a storm.看那天上的云,怕是要下雨了。 ▲ be going to与will有如下几点区别: ①be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间则可近可远,如: She told him she was going to quit the job.她告诉他,她即将辞职不干。 He will write a book one day. ②be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. 他病得很重。他就快死了。 Tomorrow will be Wednesday. 明天是星期三。 ③be going to 含有―计划,准备‖的意思,而will 则没有这个意思,如: She is going to lend us her book. 他准备把书借给我们。 He will be here in half an hour. 半小时后他将在这里。 ④表达意图时:be going to do事先经过考虑的,而will do说话时刻临时想到的;表达预见时:be going to do 有客观迹象作基础,而will do说话人的主观想法 We’re really lost. I’ll stop and ask someone the way. 我们真的迷路了,我要停下来问路。 I will try my best to help her. 我愿尽力帮助她。 五、一般将来时的特殊用法 1)go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay、fly等可用进行时态表示将来,常有―意图‖、―安排‖或―打算‖的含义。它常表示最近或较近的将来,所使用的动词多与移动、方向、启动等有关。如: They are coming here this afternoon. 他们今天下午来这儿。 Mr. White is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.怀特先生明天将去北京。 ▲ 也可用于某些非转移动词。如: What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么? My mother is buying me a bike soon. 我妈妈不久将给我买一辆自行车。 I’m meeting you after class. 课后我要找你。 2)come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay等动词用一般现在时也可表示将来。 Because the shop is closing down , all the T-shirts are sold at half price. 因为商店就要倒闭了,所有的T恤衫都半价出售 The meeting starts at five o'clock. He gets off at the next stop. 练习 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month. A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. (不,不要。) A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t ra in D. doesn’t fine ( ) 15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? – No, ________ (不去). A. they willn’t. B. they won’t. C. they aren’t. D. they don’t. ( ) 16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We ________ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing ( ) 18. Tomorrow he _____ a kite in the open air first, and then ______ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be ( ) 24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows ( ) 25. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? –________ (好的). A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you won’t. ( ) 26. It ________ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is ( ) 27. ________ open the window? A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you ( ) 28. –Let’s go out to play football, sha ll we? – OK. I ________. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming ( ) 29. It ________ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend ( ) 30. The train ________ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving ( ) 31. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 32. Charlie ________ here next month. A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work ( ) 33. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 34. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 35. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 36. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 37. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. (不,不要。) A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 38. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 39. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 40. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 41. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 42. ________ you ________ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 43. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be ( ) 44. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows 二、动词填空。 1. I ______(leave)in a minute. I ______(finish)all my work before I ______ (leave). 2. —How long _____ you _____(study)in our country? —I _____(plan)to be here for about one more year. —I _____(hope)to visit the other parts of your country. —What ______ you ______(do)after you ______(leave)here? —I ______(return)home and ______(get)a job. 3. I ______(be)tired. I ______(go)to bed early tonight. 4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____(give)her a present. 5. It is very cold these days. It ______(snow)soon. 6. —_____ you _____(be)here this Saturday? —No. I ______(visit)my teacher. 7. —______ I ______(get)you a copy of today’s newspaper? —Thank you. 8. I am afraid there ______(be)a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you. 9. Mike ______(believe, not)this until he ______(see)it with his own eyes. 10. Most of us don’t think their team ______(win). 11. I ______(leave)in a minute. I ______(finish)all my work before I ______ (leave). 12. —How long _____ you _____(study)in our country? —I _____(plan)to be here for about one more year. —I _____(hope)to visit the other parts of your country. —What ______ you ______(do)after you ______(leave)here? —I ______(return)home and ______(get)a job. 13. I ______(be)tired. I ______(go)to bed early tonight. 14. Mary’s birthday is n ext Monday, her mother _____(give)her a present. 15. I am afraid there ______(be)a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you. 16. Mike ______(believe, not)this until he ______(see)it with his own eyes. 17. Most of us don’t think their team ______(win). 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Today is a sunny day. We ______________ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother ___________ (go) to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often ____________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _________________ (go) to school by bike. 4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects? 5. It's Friday today. What _____she _______________ (do) this weekend? She ____________ (watch) TV and (catch) insects. 6. What ___________ (do) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ____________________ (do) next Sunday? I ____________________ (milk) cows. 7. Mary ___ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 8. Liu Tao ______ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 9. David ___ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 10. I ______________ (plan) for my study now. 11.Li Lei tells me he __________ (visit)the Great Wall(长城)this weekend. 12 My mother ________________(buy)me a pair of new trousers tomorrow. 13. She says she __________ (leave)soon. 14. We ____________ (go) skating if it doesn’t rain next Sunday. 15.There _____________ (be)an English evening next week. 16. Think over, and you __________ (get)a good idea. 17. ___________Jim ___________(have)a picnic next Monday?------No, he __________. 18. I ______ (miss想念)you after you leave here. 19. Who _________________(teach)you English next year 20. He ____________ (be) back in three hours. 21. Look at these clouds. It _______ (rain). 四、句型转换。 1. People in the north often go skating in winter. (next winter) 2. There are two cinemas in that town. (next year) 3. He comes back late.(in two days) 4. She is a conductor of a train.(soon) 5. Li Ming is ten years old.(next year) 6. I sometimes write to my mother in the evening.(tonight) 7. He went there by plane.(some day next year 8. China is a modern and strong country.(in twenty years 9. Do you study hard?(from now on) 10. She didn’t speak English at the meeting.(before long) 11. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定) Nancy ________ going to go camping. 12. I’ll go and join them.(改否定) I _______ go ______ join them. 13. I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句) ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 14. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句) _______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 15. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问) ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 16. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 17. Jim is going to play football tomorrow 否定句:________________________ 一般疑问句:________________________ 两回答:___________________________ 特殊疑问句:______________________ Mary will clean the windows next week. 否定句:____________________________ 一般疑问句:________________________ ______________________________ 两回答:___________________________ _____________________________ 特殊疑问句:______________________ ______________________________ 五、翻译 1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _____ ______ ________ ________ ________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball. 3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。 _____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this __________? Yes, she _________. She _____ _______ __________ buy some fruit. 4.你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 1. 我们将在三天后看爷爷奶奶去。 2. 明天下午有班会。 3. 杰克将在下个月去超市工作。 4. 星期三一班和二班将有一场足球比赛。 5. 我一会儿给你发一个电子邮件(E-mail)。 6. 两周后我的父亲就将从香港回来了。 7. 去年我去了海南,并且我很享受那里的日子。明年我打算再去那里。 8. 我通常六点半起床,但是明天我将六点一刻起床。 9. 我们都不认为他们会赢得比赛。 10. 今天晚上九点钟中央电视4台将会有一场英语脱口秀(talk-show)。 11. 你已经把书换回来了吗?不,还没呢。别着急,我马上就还。 12. 看天上的云彩,有可能要下雨了。 13. 是谁在敲门?我去开门。 14. 这周我正忙着写书呢,下周我就有空了。 参考答案: 一、单项选择。 1. C 2. D 3. D 4.D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 33.D 34.D 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B 41. B 42. B 43.C 44. B 二、动词填空。 1. am leaving ; will finish ; leave 2. will ; study ; plan ; hope ; will ; do ; leave ; will return ; get 3. am ; will 4. will give 5. will snow 6. Will , be ; will visit 7. Shall ; get 8. will be 9. won’t believe ; sees 10. will win 11. am leaving ; will finish ; leave 12. will ; study ; plan ; hope ; will ; do ; leave ; will return ; get 13. am ; will 14. will give 15. will be 16. won’t believe ; sees 17. will win