该工艺综合了国内的回流提取、渗漉提取和国际上的索氏抽提三原理，结合

该工艺综合了国内的回流提取、渗漉提取和国际上的索氏抽提三原理，结合 该工艺综合了国内的回流提取、渗漉提取和国际上的索氏抽提三原理，结合了外热循环浓缩技术，将提取、浓缩两道工序集中到一台设备内同时进行，一次完成流浸膏生产--即提取液连续从提取罐底部抽入 浓缩器进行浓缩，浓缩产生的二次蒸气不断送入提取罐内，作提取的热源，维持提取罐内的沸腾，提取罐内大量的蒸气进入回流器冷凝成热冷凝液回落到提取罐内，作新溶剂均匀地加到药材面上，新溶剂从上至下通过药材层，溶解药材中的可溶物质到提取罐底部，又被抽入浓缩器进行浓缩，浓缩的二次蒸气又不断送入提取罐内，作提取的热源和新溶剂。这样形成新溶剂大循环提取、浓缩(回收)，直到拿出需要比重的流浸膏。 1.缩短工艺。 2、由于是新溶剂大循环提取、浓缩，溶剂与药材中含可溶物质的密度保持了高梯度，可溶物质高速溶出，直至完全 溶出，则收膏率可提高15,25%。 3、由于是新溶剂 大循环提取、浓缩，溶剂用量只需2,5倍，尤其是药渣和药液里的有机溶剂可回收至零，则消耗率降至5%左右。用量少、消耗低，厂家可根据药材中药效成分的极性选用极性相近(溶解度大)的溶剂(水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、汽油等等)作提取溶媒，则药效成分尽可能被溶出来，故该工艺收膏率高，药效成分含量成倍提高。 4、由于是新溶剂大循环提取、浓缩，溶剂用量少，只需盖住药材面即可，故投料量成倍增加。以3.5m3的提取罐为例，堆比0.17的罗布麻药材可投500Kg/批(3m3多能罐投250Kg/批);松果菊堆比0.14，可投450Kg/批;枳实堆比0.45，可投1250Kg/批(投料量=提取罐容积×90%×药材堆比)。回流提取时间只需4,6小时，故一台3.5m3热回流抽提---浓缩器相当于3,4台3m3多能罐和2台三效浓缩器的生产能力。 5、工艺设备简单，布局合理，清洗方便，无环境污染。与老工艺—多能罐煮，三效浓缩器浓相比，设备减少2/3，占地减少2/3，投资可节省一半;能耗下降30%，操作人员可减少2/3，故生产成本可降低50%左右。 更重要的是该工艺提得的浸膏含药效成分确切，则药品含药效成分确切，即可实行药效成分定性定量 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 。 流浸膏在一台不锈钢密封设备内生产出来。消除了重金属和细菌的渗入，保证了药品中重金属、细菌数在限额内，从而使中成药质量 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 与国际天然药品一致。故“热回流抽提---浓缩”工艺是中药厂提取车间GMP认 证一次到位的新工艺。 水提:将药材中只溶于水的物质和溶于水又溶于醇的物质溶出来了。醇沉将只溶于水的物质沉淀下来，溶液里剩下的是溶于水又溶于醇的物质。 醇提:将只溶于醇的物质和溶于醇又溶于水的物质溶出来了。回收醇后，只有水相，只溶于醇的物质沉淀下来，溶液里剩下的是溶于醇又溶于水的物质。 不同的工艺得到相同的分离物。 1、工艺短:在“热回流抽提---浓缩器”内一次完成分离。 2、醇的渗透力比水强，可溶物质尽可能被溶出来。则收膏率高，膏内药效成分含量高。例如从枳实中提辛弗林: 水提醇沉收膏率8.4%左右，辛弗林含量为2.8%左右，辛弗林收率为2.4‰左右。改醇提后，平均收膏率在10,12%以上，辛弗林含量为5%左右，辛弗林平均收率达5.7‰ 以上(书上记载枳实含辛弗林2.7‰，为当时工艺所至)。 3、醇的用量少，消耗低。再以提辛弗林为例: 水提醇沉:取1:0.7即1吨药材取浓缩液700Kg，加醇至含醇75%，需用95?醇2625Kg，即95%X=(700+X)×75%，X=2625(Kg)。 醇提:用80?的乙醇不到2000Kg，消耗降至5%左右。 4、药渣和药液中回收的乙醇85%在90?以上，这就不存在水提醇沉时，低度醇多， 难于复用的问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 ，同时节省了醇沉设备。 由此 证明 住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问 水提醇沉改为醇提是可行的。 湖南节能设备研究所 湖南中药提取研究所 所长:刘继希 Description of“Hot Reflux Extraction----Concentration” Technology New One-Off Technology Validated to GMP Standard for Extraction Plant of Traditional Chinese Medicine Factories. This technology integrates circumfluence extraction, diacolation extraction and international Soxhlet extraction process, combines the concentration technique of outer hot circulating concentration, and joins the procedures of extraction and concentration together in one single equipment. Thus the liquid extraction is finished in an one-off process, i.e., the liquid is continuously extracted from bottom of the extraction tank to the concentrator for concentration, meanwhile the indirect steam generated during the concentration process is constantly sent into the extraction tank as thermal source to maintain the boiling extraction tank. The steam passes through the reflux machine and is condensed into hot condensate, then falls back into the extraction tank. The new solvent is added to the drug surface evenly, penetrates the drugs from up to bottom, dissolves the soluble materials, flows to bottom of the extraction tank, and finally extracted to the concentrator again. The concentrated indirect steam will be sent into the extraction tank again as thermal source and new solvent. Such new solvent extraction and concentration with great cycle (recycle) continues until liquid extract in desired proportion obtained. Characteristics of “Hot Reflux Extraction----Concentration”Technology 1.Shorten the process 2. Due to the new solvent extraction & concentration with great cycle, the density of soluble material in the solvent and medical materials stays at a high level. Soluble materials can be dissolved out at high speed, until completely dissolved out. Output rate can be promoted by 15~25%. 3. The new solvent extraction & concentration with great cycle needs solvent only as much as twice ~five times of the medical materials. The organic solvent in dregs and liquid medicine can be completely recycled, while consumption rate can be reduced to approximately 5%. It is characterized in less solvent cost and lower consumption. You can choose solvent with similar polarity (with high solubility) to that of pharmaceutical components in medical materials (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, gasoline, etc.) as extraction dissolvant so that pharmaceutical components will be dissolved out as much as possible, thereby enhance output rat and e multiple the content of pharmaceutical components. 4. The new solvent extraction & concentration with great cycle costs less solvent. It only needs to cover the surface of medical materials, thus feeding amount will fold increase. To take 3.5m3 extraction tank as example, dogbane (bulk density is 0.17) can be fed 500Kg each batch(3.5m3 multi-functional tank can be fed 250Kg each batch); echinacea (bulk density is 0.14) can be fed 450Kg each batch; fructus aurantii immaturus (bulk density is 0.45) can be fed 1250Kg each batch (inventory = dimension of the extraction tank×90%×bulk density of medical materials). Reflux extraction only takes 4~6 hours, so the production capacity of one 3.5m3 hot reflux extraction----concentrator is equal to that of 3~4 3.5m3 multifunctional tanks and 2 triple-effect concentrators. 5. The equipment is with convenient operation, reasonable layout, facilitated cleaning and without environmental pollution. Compared with traditional multifunctional tank, it can save 2/3 equipments, 2/3 land use, 1/2 investment, reduce 30% energy consumption with only 1/3 operators and about 50% production cost. It is more important that this technology can produce extract with more accurate pharmaceutical components, i.e., pharmaceutical components of medicine will be more accurate which means qualitative & quantitative analysis can be carried out to the pharmaceutical components. Stainless tight equipments are applied for production of liquid extract, which can prevent intermingle with heavy metal and bacteria, and ensure amount of heavy metal and bacteria controlled within a certain limit, thereby catch up with international natural medicine quality standard. So the “hot reflux extraction----concentration” technology is a new one-off technology validated to GMP standard for extraction plants of traditional Chinese medicine factories. Hot Reflux Extraction----Concentration” Technology replaces“water extraction--ethanol precipitation” with “ethanol precipitation”. Technical principles: Water extraction: Dissolve out materials which are soluble only in water or both in water and ethanol from medical materials. Ethanol precipitation is to settle out only water-soluble materials and the rest of solvent are those soluble both in water and ethanol. Ethanol precipitation: Dissolve out materials which are soluble only in ethanol or both in ethanol and water. After the ethanol is recycled, there is only aqueous phase. Only ethanol-soluble materials are settled out and the rest are both soluble in water and ethanol. Ethanol extraction is better than water extractionethanol precipitation. 1. Shortened process: Separation can be finished at one time in the hot reflux extraction----concentrator. 2. Ethanol has stronger osmotic force than water, so soluble materials can be dissolved out more thoroughly. The output rate will be promoted and pharmaceutical content will increase. For example, extract synephrine from fructus aurantii immaturus: Output rate of water extractionethanol precipitation is approximately 8.4%, synephrine content is about 2.8%, and synephrine yield is about 2.4‰. While average output rate of ethanol extraction can be above 10%~12%, and corresponding synephrine content is about 5%, average synephrine yield reach above 5.7‰ (It was recorded on books that synephrine yield from fructus aurantii immaturus was 2.7‰, and that's for former technology). 3. Ethanol and energy consumption is reduced. Take synephrine extraction as example:Water extractionethanol precipitation: Take 1:0.7 as proportion between medical materials and concentrated solution, i.e., 1 ton medical materials and 700kg concentrated solution. Add ethanol until ethanol content is 75%. And that will take 2625kg 95?ethanol, i.e., 95%X=(700+X)× 75%，X=2625(Kg). Ethanol extraction: It will take less than 2000kg 80?ethanol, and consumption rate is reduced to approximately 5%. 4.More than 85% ethanol recycled from dregs and liquid medicine is above 90?, which can solve problems existed in water extractionethanol precipitation, such as excessive low ethanol, reuse difficulties, etc., meanwhile save ethanol extraction equipments. So it is feasible to replace water extractionethanol precipitation with ethanol extraction. Hunan Energy- Reservation Equipment Research Institute Hunan Chinese Medicine Research Institute Director: Liu Ji xi