Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、重点短语
1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼
4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水
6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼
9. see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事 see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’ s temperature 量体温
15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药 put...on sth. 把…放在某物上
16. sb. need to do sth. sth. need doing sth. =need to be done 需要做某事
17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式
20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走 22. on the side of the road 在马路边
23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想
25. get off 下车 get on 上车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病
27. to one’ s surprise 使....... 惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于
29. in time 及时 30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦
32. right away 立刻;马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出去
35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎
37. fa ll down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
40. lose one`s life 失去生命 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰
42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动
44. think about 考虑,认为
think of 考虑,认为,想出,想要,关心
think over 仔细考虑,反复考虑
45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便
47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理
49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事
51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃
54.expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事
55.have problems (in) doing sth
have trouble/difficulty(in) doing sth.做某事有问题或困难
56. use sth. to do sth.用某物去做某事 57.be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
58. seem to do sth. 好像做某事 59. mind doing sth. 介意做某事
60.be ready to do sth.准备好了做某事
be ready for 为…做准备
61.the same …as同…一样 反be different from“不同于…”
The same to …对于…是一样的
62.mean doing sth.意味着做某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
二、重点语法、句型
1.with常见的用法
1)作为介词,意为“和…一起”,
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伴随关系
Eg. I went to Hong Kong Disneyland wih my parents.
2)表示“使用某种工具、手段”
Eg.You can cut it with a knife.
注:“当单数名词+with+名词”用作主语时,其谓语动词应用单数形式。
Eg.A teacher with his students is seeing an English film
2.enough“足够的,充分的”
1)enough用作形容词作定语时,可修饰可数名词或不可数名词,可放在被修饰的名词前后均可。如:
①There are enough seats(seats enough)for them all. 有足够的座位让他们都坐下。
2)enough用作副词,可用来修饰形容词或副词,放在所修饰词的后面。
如: ①He walks slowly enough. 他走得够慢的了。 ②This article is difficult enough to write.
3. 描述身体不适
(1)主语+have/has+a+病症
(2)主语+have/has+a+部位-ache
(3)主语+have/has+a+sore+发病部位
(4)部位+hurt(s)
Eg:1).I have a high fever. 我在发高烧。
2).I had a headache so I want to bed.我头疼,所以上床睡觉了。
3).I have a sore throat and my chest hurts.我嗓子疼,胸口也疼。
4.hit“碰击,击中,碰撞”
hit+sb.+介词+the+身体部位(in用于涉及身体表面较软或较空的部位,如eye,face,chest,leg.on用于身体较硬的部位,如head,nose,back)
区别hit 和beat
1)hit(碰击,击中,碰撞)强调一次性动作
Eg.The ball hit him in the face.
2)beat“打,敲,接连打击”强调重复行的动作
Eg.His heart beats violetly.他的心剧烈地跳着。
5. 关于ues的用法
1)be/get used to do sth. 习惯于做某事
Eg.I am used to getting up early.
2)be used to do sth.被用来做某事
Eg.This knife is used to cut bread .
3)used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”
Eg.I used to go fishing in the pool in front of my house.
4)be used for doing sth.“用于/被用来做某事”
Eg.The wood is used for making paper.
6. wear / put on /dress/ have on/(be)in
1) wear是“穿着”,“戴着”的意思,可用于穿衣、穿鞋、戴帽子,戴手套、佩戴首饰等,强调状态。
Eg.Children like wearing new clothes.
2)put on指“戴上”,“穿上”,为动态,表示穿衣服的动作,其反义词是take off。
Eg.Put on your clothes穿上衣服
3)dress 可作及物动词,有“穿着”,“打扮”的意思,为动态,但宾语通常是人,或反身代词,常用于被动语态但只用于穿衣,它既表示动作,又表状态。 常用于下列结构:dress sb / oneself(给某人穿衣服)、 dress well和be dressed in 等
Eg.Jim isn't old enough to dress himself. 吉姆太小,还不能给自己穿衣服。
4)have on 是“穿着”的意思,指穿的状态, 和wear类似,但have on不用于进行时态。
Eg She has a red skirt on. ( = He’s wearing a red skirt . ) 她穿着红裙子。
5.)be in+表示颜色或衣服的词是系表结构,为静态,强调“穿着”“戴着”的状态。
Eg. The girl in white is my best friend. 穿着白色衣服的女孩是我最好的朋友
7.one of… …之一…
one of 后接名词或代词得复数形式。当“one of+名词复数”在句中作主语时,其中心词为one ,故其后的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
Eg. I have many books. Harry Potter is one of them.
如果名词前有形容词修饰,则用形容词的最高级形式,构成“one of the+最高级…”结构,表示“…中最…之一”
Eg.YU Dan is one of the most popular professors in China.
8.oneself 反身代词构成的短语;
hurt oneself 伤了自己 by oneself 独自地,单独地
enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 for oneself 亲自,为自己
look after oneself 照顾自己 help oneself(to) 请随便(吃、喝)teach oneself =learn by oneself 自学
leave sb . by oneself 把某人单独留下
9. 时间介词(at, in ,on)
1. at指时间表示:
(1)时间的一点、时刻等。
如: at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at dawn
(2)较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。
如: at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night
2. in指时间表示:
(1)在某个较长的时间(如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上、下午或傍晚)内。
如: in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, in the eighteenth century.etc
(2)在一段时间之后。一般情况下,用于将来时,谓语动词为瞬间动词,意为“在…以后”。
如: He will arrive in two hours.
谓语动词为延续性动词时,in意为“在……以内”。如: These products will be produced in a month. 注意:after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后,但其后的时间是“一点”,而不是“一段”。
如: He will arrive after two o’clock.
3. on指时间表示:
(1)具体的时日和一个特定的时间,如某日、某节日、星期几等。如: On Christmas Day(On May 4th), there will be a celebration.
(2)在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。
如: He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th.
(3)准时,按时。如:
如:If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark.
10.run out (of)用尽,耗尽
run out表示“被用完了”的被动含义,其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。
如: His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。
run out of 表示“用完(use up)”的主动含义,主语是人。
如: He ran out of the room. 他跑出了房间。
三、1. What’ s the matter?= What’ s up?怎么了?
What’ s the matter with you?
= What’s the trouble with you?
= What’ s wrong with you?
=What happened ?
=Is there anything wrong with you ?
你怎么了?
2. 语法:should“应该,应当”为情态动词,后接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化。用来向别人提出建议,以劝导别人,比must和ought to 更加委婉。
主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..
①You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。
② You shouldn’ t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。
③What should she do? 她该怎么办呢?
④Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?