皮皮虾(Pipi shrimp)
皮皮虾(Pipi shrimp)
Living in the water depth of Oratosquilla towel 5-60m, preferred to live in shallow sea mud u caves or gravel, rocky crevice towel. Dioecious, but male and female Oratosquilla in the shape of a similar difference between males slightly, and the last step foot on the chest of male and female aliens. Male second jaw, feet strong, chest, the last pair of feet, the base of bamboo, there are a pair of rod connecting device, very different, seventh chest limbs also have a switch. The female is absent. Breeding female chest sixth - 8 chest ventrite white king shaped glial gland. 1st Anniversary mature, most scholars think that the mating time before 9 November female squillidae meters molting; some people think that in spawning shortly before mating; and that in a few months ago has the mating spawning. Mating usually occurs once again. The breeding period is from 4 to September, and the growth period is 5-7 months. During the breeding season, the fourth to caudal segments of the ovary were Tan, with melanin distribution on the back and concentrated pigment on the axis of the body. In the fifth, sixth section, the ovary thickness is the largest, the tail node is enlarged, full of tail segment, fan-shaped. The testes are milky. The average fecundity of Oratosquilla 30 thousand - 50 thousand grains, 200 thousand more grain. The fecundity and carapace length of. According to reports, the disposable Oratosquilla mature biological minimum at about 80mm. Oratosquilla ovarian development is not synchronized, so it can be repeated in the seedling breeding season.
Pro squillid selection, transportation and foster
Pro squillid can choose artificial breeding or natural sea area
have been mating female mantis shrimp. Although the body length is more than 8cm can breed, but in order to ensure quality, improve the amount of eggs, it is better to choose more than LLCM body length, weight over 30g. In addition the acquisition of parent shrimp, shrimp from the water should pay attention to short time, good degree of gonad development of sturdy appendages complete, without scar, strong vitality, brightly colored, sensitive to external stimuli. Pro squillid after the acquisition as soon as possible to be put into the pool in the breeding factory, foster cultivate. Transportation modes include live water vessel transportation, nylon bag oxygen transportation, dry wet transportation and canvas barrel water transportation. Pro 200xlo-6 squillid first by formaldehyde bath after 3 minutes, selection of appendages is complete, lively placed in the pre sterilized cement pool (9mx4mx1.2m), by adding fresh water, filtered air, rejuvenate and foster. The 3 day of the pro squillid foster water temperature in the pool before 1 - to 1 - 2 degrees higher than the sea is appropriate, if the water temperature increase too fast and too high, easy to make the pro abortion or premature squillid. After using 0.5-1.0 C / D speed is heated to 21-22 DEG C under the condition of temporary rearing 20-30 days, feeding a small amount of fresh lobworm, shrimp, clam meat, the gonad further fattening. Although the shrimp station in the reproductive season females stopped feeding, almost the stomach is empty, but when the temperature is 22 DEG C up to gonad index above 14%, the output of the egg mass in eggs was clear, basically a mass shape, is the mature egg.
Parent shrimp cultivation
Refers to the parent shrimp cultivation has been mating, ovarian mature female Oratosquilla or ovarian development, though but not mature female mantis shrimp, special breeding ponds in the feed, the gonadal maturation, spawning, hatching, until hatching pseudozoea larvae breeding process. The ripening of cultivation and hatching in the pond, pond has squillidae suitable environment conditions, thus promoting better effects, spawning rate, hatching rate is high. The purpose is to foster parent shrimp Oratosquilla ovarian development of basic synchronization, oviposition and larval order, can get a large number of pseudozoea larvae, formed a certain scale of production. Breeding pool of parent shrimp has 2 kinds, one is the indoor pool, an outdoor pool is only. The indoor pool is generally used for cement pool, outdoor pool. Parent shrimp cultivation should pay special attention to the water quality management, food management and daily management. 1, water quality management, water to maintain dissolved oxygen in 5ml / L above, daily change water 1 / 4 - 1 / 3, transparency in 30-50cm. Oratosquilla poikilothermy ferocious animal carapace, affecting the growth and development of life activities and directly affected by environmental temperature. The water temperature in its living area is about 6 - 31 degrees centigrade,
The optimum temperature at 20 - 27 DEG C, which belongs to the eurythermic species. Under laboratory conditions, the mouth into 5 degrees squillid directly from]7 DEG C in seawater, the body immediately arched, slowly straighten after coma. Put it into 33 DEG C in seawater, Oratosquilla first down then up and down the side at the bottom, only swimming leg swing, coma after 3 minutes. It is considered that its temperature range is
between 5 and 33 degrees centigrade. Under the condition of variable temperature and temperature range will increase. Parent shrimp cultivation, special attention should be paid to the temperature difference, in general, the cultivation, the water temperature control in 20 and 30 C. Water temperature is the inhibitory factors of Oratosquilla gonadal development, in suitable temperature range, the higher the temperature development. If the summer temperature is too high, can increase the water level, water temperature is too high and the effect of preventing egg, hatched parent shrimp, and even cause death. It takes 7 to 15 days to fertilize the egg from the fertilized egg to 25-30 days under the water temperature. 2, food management of Oratosquilla can feed on fish, shrimp, shellfish, it is better to small fresh shellfish, can avoid the pollution of water quality. A small piece of food as well, to scattered investment, in order to improve the feed intake, eating well and reduce the half for a food and killing each other. According to the characteristics of Oratosquilla nocturnal, feeding 1 times daily in the evening, the feeding amount for the pro squillid weight of 5%-20%, and with the parent shrimp egg, water temperature, weather conditions, food variety and quality conditions appropriate. Cultivate early, may be appropriate to increase the quantity of feeding and nutritional requirements for adequate gonadal development. Pro squillid egg drill hole, and feeding, so it is estimated that most parent shrimp with eggs, are advised to reduce the amount of feed. In addition, the pro squillid hatched after transferred to growth, food intake increased, but also interfere with other egg squillid, thus the best land cage trapping. During the cultivation of 3, the daily management of the pond is required to work, check into the drain, Oratosquilla activity and food
intake, water quality, especially the discharge of larvae. Once found the parent shrimp emit pseudozoea larvae, the larval seeding pool set into the nursery. Parent shrimp spawning and hatching Oratosquilla spawning on environmental conditions especially for sediment, caves and light demanding, no suitable conditions will not lay eggs, or even do not hatch eggs. So to the glass fiber circular cylinder (diameter 2mx1.0) collected from the bottom into the intertidal mud (20-30cm thick), paving, plus water to Shanghai from mud 30cm, soaking for 24 hours with sodium hypochlorite disinfection, neutralization, washing, and the cylinder pH value of seawater with filtered seawater, and then covered with black cloth standby. Selection of gonadal maturation of the individual, lively and appendage complete Pro squillid (gonad coefficient is above 15%) 16, by formaldehyde disinfection and then into the cylinder in the incubator. Squillidae burrowing ability is very strong, as long as the sediment and environmental conditions, the sexual maturation of parent shrimp can finish to create "U" shaped cave in a very short period of time, and is 2 and a small mouth, mouth diameter of 5 7cm, small diameter of about 2cm. When the water temperature up to 24-25 degrees, at the beginning of the parent shrimp spawning spawning. The output of Oratosquilla egg mass is yellow, diameter between 1.5-3.0cm. Rounded mature egg cell, a diameter of about 410 450um, once drained, and in her mouth and jaw foot kept turning, as long as the egg mass is not broken or not subject to external stimuli will hold, from a few hours to a few days. If there are external stimuli such as light, water, emergency water temperature difference and so will the egg mass rapidly away. Squillidae cleavage is in the form of surface temperature in the cleavage, 26-28 DEG C, after about 20 days of water to hatch, cultivation of Oratosquilla Daphnia larvae
(i.e. Oratosquilla false larvae). During this period, water flow should be controlled, so as not to make mixing in the tank as appropriate, the water should be the same amount of water, with 100 screens of silk for water. The dissolved oxygen content in the cylinder should be greater than 5mg/L. Spawning, hatching larvae are in the cave to complete with the parent, when the larvae leave the cave and the mother, floating in the water, namely Oratosquilla metamorphosis.
It takes 3-4 months for young Oratosquilla from Oratosquilla metamorphosis. The larva should then be separated from the original breeding tank. Larval rearing from L phase pseudozoea larvae into the pool to Aberdeen squillid out of this pool for larval breeding cultivation process. The sea water for raising seedlings should be treated by sedimentation and sand filtration. In order to prevent the heavy metal ions from being too high, EDTA sodium salt 2 - 5mg/L can be added. Water exchange is an important measure to ensure good water quality. The newly hatched larvae are separated by the siphon method from the original incubation tank and moved to another tank containing the bottom, and the water temperature is controlled at 26-28 DEG C. 4 times a day of mixed input of unicellular algae (Phaeodactylum tricornutum, algae and Chlorella), rotifers and Artemia nauplii, its density is (5-10) * 104 cells /ml, 10 /ml and 5 /ml, and the daily water 2 times, each time the volume is about 1/3. The cylinder surface covered with black cloth. Then in a 2m * 2m * 1.2m cement tank, the bottom covered with 10cm thick sandy mud, after disinfection treatment of the above has been in the tank for 22 days larvae into cultivation. Because the glass fiber cylinder is small, the density of larvae is large, the water temperature drops too fast, and the water
temperature should be gradually lowered to the natural water temperature at 0.5-1.0 centigrade / day after changing the tank. In the early stage of 5-10 feeding rotifer Artemia nauplii, /ml 5wh/ml, a small amount of auxiliary investment Steamed Egg Custard, need to change the water volume of 1/3 per day, the amount of inflation. Later, with the development of larvae, feeding large individual Artemia, shrimp, clam meat and fish, with artificial diet. Mantis shrimp is a popular seafood dishes, but its breeding technology is still in the testing stage, there are still many technical problems, therefore has not been widely farmed. This requires scientists to continue their efforts to make a breakthrough of Oratosquilla oratoria artificial propagation and breeding technology, to meet the needs of the masses, and create greater economic value.
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