水的粘度[整理版]

水的粘度[整理版] 水的粘度(0,40?) 温度T 温度 T 粘度μ Pa?s或粘度μ Pa?s或-2-2厘泊 N?s?m 厘泊 N?s?m ? K ? K -3-30 273.16 1.7921 1.7921×10 20.2 293.36 1.0000 1.0000×10 -3-31 274.16 1.7313 1.7313×10 21 294.16 0.9810 0.9810×10 -3-32 275.16 1.6728 1.6728×10 22 295.16 0.9579 0.9579×10 -3-33 276.16 1.6191 1.6191×10 23 296.16 0.9358 0.9358×10 -3-34 277.16 1.5674 1.5674×10 24 297.16 0.9142 0.9142×10 -3-35 278.16 1.5188 1.5188×10 25 298.16 0.8937 0.8937×10 -3-36 279.16 1.4728 1.4728×10 26 299.16 0.8737 0.8737×10 -3-37 280.16 1.4284 1.4284×10 27 300.16 0.8545 0.8545×10 -3-38 281.16 1.3860 1.3860×10 28 301.16 0.8360 0.8360×10 -3-39 282.16 1.3462 1.3462×10 29 302.16 0.8180 0.8180×10 -3-310 283.16 1.3077 1.3077×10 30 303.16 0.8007 0.8007×10 -3-311 284.16 1.2713 1.2713×10 31 304.16 0.7840 0.7840×10 -3-312 285.16 1.2363 1.2363×10 32 305.16 0.7679 0.7679×10 -3-313 286.16 1.2028 1.2028×10 33 306.16 0.7523 0.7523×10 -3-314 287.16 1.1709 1.1709×10 34 307.16 0.7371 0.7371×10 -3-315 288.16 1.1404 1.1404×10 35 308.16 0.7225 0.7225×10 -3-316 289.16 1.1111 1.1111×10 36 309.16 0.7085 0.7085×10 -3-317 290.16 1.0828 1.0828×10 37 310.16 0.6947 0.6947×10 -3-318 291.16 1.0559 1.0559×10 38 311.16 0.6814 0.6814×10 -3-319 292.16 1.0299 1.0299×10 39 312.16 0.6685 0.6685×10 -3-320 293.16 1.0050 1.0050×10 40 313.16 0.6560 0.6560×10 水的物理性质 温度饱和蒸气压 密度焓 比定压热容导热系数粘度体积膨胀系表面张力普兰德数 -3-1-1-1-2-1-1-5-4-1-3-1t/? p/kPa ρ/kg?m H/kJ?kg c/kJ?kg?K λ/10W?m?K μ/10Pa?s 数α/10K σ/10N?m Pr p 0 0.6082 999.9 0 4.212 55.13 179.21 0.63 75.6 13.66 10 1.2262 999.7 42.04 4.197 57.45 130.77 0.70 74.1 9.52 20 2.3346 998.2 83.90 4.183 59.89 100.50 1.82 72.6 7.01 30 4.2474 995.7 125.69 4.174 61.76 80.07 3.21 71.2 5.42 40 7.3766 992.2 165.71 4.174 63.38 65.60 3.87 69.6 4.32 50 12.31 988.1 209.30 4.174 64.78 54.94 4.49 67.7 3.54 60 19.932 983.2 251.12 4.178 65.94 46.88 5.11 66.2 2.98 70 31.164 977.8 292.99 4.178 66.76 40.61 5.70 64.3 2.54 80 47.379 971.8 334.94 4.195 67.45 35.65 6.32 62.6 2.22 90 70.136 965.3 376.98 4.208 67.98 31.65 6.95 60.7 1.96 100 101.33 958.4 419.10 4.220 68.04 28.38 7.52 58.8 1.76 110 143.31 951.0 461.34 4.238 68.27 25.89 8.08 56.9 1.61 120 198.64 943.1 503.67 4.250 68.50 23.73 8.64 54.8 1.47 130 270.25 934.8 546.38 4.266 68.50 21.77 9.17 52.8 1.36 140 361.47 926.1 589.08 4.287 68.27 20.10 9.72 50.7 1.26 150 476.24 917.0 632.20 4.312 68.38 18.63 10.3 48.6 1.18 160 618.28 907.4 675.33 4.346 68.27 17.36 10.7 46.6 1.11 170 792.59 897.3 719.29 4.379 67.92 16.28 11.3 45.3 1.05 180 1003.5 886.9 763.25 4.417 67.45 15.30 11.9 42.3 1.00 190 1255.6 876.0 807.63 4.460 66.99 14.42 12.6 40.8 0.96 200 1554.77 863.0 852.43 4.505 66.29 13.63 13.3 38.4 0.93 210 1917.72 852.8 897.65 4.555 65.48 13.04 14.1 36.1 0.91 220 2320.88 840.3 943.70 4.614 64.55 12.46 14.8 33.8 0.89 230 2798.59 827.3 990.18 4.681 63.73 11.97 15.9 31.6 0.88 240 3347.91 813.6 1037.49 4.756 62.80 11.47 16.8 29.1 0.87 250 3977.67 799.0 1085.64 4.844 61.76 10.98 18.1 26.7 0.86 260 4693.75 784.0 1135.04 4.949 60.84 10.59 19.7 24.2 0.87 270 5503.99 767.9 1185.28 5.070 59.96 10.20 21.6 21.9 0.88 280 6417.24 750.7 1236.28 5.229 57.45 9.81 23.7 19.5 0.89 290 7443.29 732.3 1289.95 5.485 55.82 9.42 26.2 17.2 0.93 300 8592.94 712.5 1344.80 5.736 53.96 9.12 29.2 14.7 0.97 310 9877.96 691.1 1402.16 6.071 52.34 8.83 32.9 12.3 1.02 320 11300.3 667.1 1462.03 6.573 50.59 8.53 38.2 10.0 1.11 330 12879.6 640.2 1526.19 7.243 48.73 8.14 43.3 7.82 1.22 340 14615.9 610.1 1594.75 8.164 45.71 7.75 53.4 5.78 1.38 350 16538.5 574.4 1671.37 9.504 43.03 7.26 66.8 3.89 1.60 360 18667.1 528.0 1761.39 13.984 39.54 6.67 109 2.06 2.36 370 21040.9 450.5 1892.43 40.319 33.73 5.69 264 0.48 6.80 F3 Viscosity decreases with pressure (at temperatures below 33?C) Viscous flow occurs by molecules moving through the voids that exist between them. As the pressure increases, the volume decreases and the volume of these voids reduces, so normally increasing pressure increases the viscosity. Water's pressure-viscosity behavior [534] can be explained by the increased pressure (up to about 150 MPa) causing deformation, so reducing the strength of the hydrogen-bonded network, which is also partially responsible for the viscosity. This reduction in cohesivity more than compensates for the reduced void volume. It is thus a direct consequence of the balance between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces [558] in water; hydrogen bonding prevailing at lower temperatures and pressures. At higher pressures (and densities), the balance between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces is tipped in favor of the dispersion forces and the remaining hydrogen bonds are stronger due to the closer proximity of the contributing oxygen atoms [655]. Viscosity, then, increases with pressure. The dashed line (opposite) indicates the viscosity minima. The variation of viscosity with pressure and temperature has been used as evidence that the viscosity is determined more by the extent of hydrogen bonding rather than hydrogen bonding strength. Self-diffusion is also affected by pressure where (at low temperatures) both the translational and rotational motion of water anomalously increase as the pressure increases.