1997年考研英语真题与解析(张剑 黄皮书)!10

1997年考研英语真 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 与解析(张剑 黄皮书)!10 1997年全试试真 Part Cloze Test? Directions, For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked ,A,, ,B,, ,C, and ,D,. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points) Manpower Inc., with 560 000 workers, is the world’s largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 1 into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day’s work for a day’s pay. One day at a time. 2 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 3 reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming. 4 its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part- timers and temporary workers. This “ 5 ” work force is the most important 6 in American business today, and it is 7 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 8 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 9 by employment rules, health care costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 10 that came from being a loyal employee. 1.,A, swarm,B, stride ,C, separate,D, slip 2.,A, For,B, Because,C, As ,D, Since 3.,A, from,B, in,C, on ,D, by 4.,A, Even though,B, Now that ,C, If only ,D, Provided that 5.,A, durable,B, disposable,C, available ,D, transferable 6.,A, approach,B, flow ,C, fashion,D, trend 7.,A, instantly ,B, reversely,C, fundamentally,D, sufficiently 8.,A, but ,B, while,C, and ,D, whereas 9.,A, imposed,B, restricted,C, illustrated ,D, confined 10.,A, excitement,B, conviction,C, enthusiasm ,D, importance Part Reading Comprehension? Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked ,A,, ,B,, ,C, and ,D,. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points) Passage 1 It was 3: 45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.” The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling. Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death—probably by a deadly injection or pill—to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks, ” he says. 11. From the second paragraph we learn that . ,A, the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries ,B, physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia ,C, changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law ,D, it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage 12. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means . ,A, observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia ,B, similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries ,C, observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes ,D, the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop 13. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will . ,A, face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia ,B, experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient ,C, have an intense fear of terrible suffering ,D, undergo a cooling off period of seven days 14. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of . ,A, opposition,B, suspicion,C, approval ,D, indifference Passage 2 A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner—amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend”, the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. 15. In the eyes of visitors from the outside world ,. ,A, rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US ,B, small-minded officials deserve a serious comment ,C, Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors ,D, most Americans are ready to offer help 16. It could be inferred from the last paragraph that . ,A, culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship ,B, courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated ,C, various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends ,D, social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions 17. Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers . ,A, to improve their hard life ,B, in view of their long-distance travel ,C, to add some flavor to their own daily life ,D, out of a charitable impulse 18. The tradition of hospitality to strangers . ,A, tends to be superficial and artificial ,B, is generally well kept up in the United States ,C, is always understood properly ,D, has something to do with the busy tourist trails Passage 3 Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They don’t realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. We live in a society in which the medical and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning “mind-manifestation”) because they seemed to radically alter one’s state of consciousness. 19. “Substance abuse”(Line 5, Paragraph 1) is preferable to “drug abuse” in that . ,A, substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used ,B, “drug abuse” is only related to a limited number of drugtakers ,C, alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine ,D, many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous 20. The word “pervasive” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean . ,A, widespread,B, overwhelming ,C, piercing,D, fashionable 21. Physical dependence on certain substances results from . ,A, uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time ,B, exclusive use of them for social purposes ,C, quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases ,D, careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms 22. From the last paragraph we can infer that . ,A, stimulants function positively on the mind ,B, hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health ,C, depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances ,D, the three types of psychoactive substances were commonly used in groups Passage 4 No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?” At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company’s mountainous debt, which will increase to $ 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently. The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. “The test of any democratic society, ”he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.” Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music. The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited, ” says Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.” 23. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for . ,A, its raising of the corporate stock price ,B, its self-examination of soul ,C, its neglect of social responsibility ,D, its emphasis on creative freedom 24. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? ,A, Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner. ,B, Gerald Levin is liable to compromise. ,C, Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate. ,D, Steve Ross is no longer alive 25. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman . ,A, stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression ,B, softened his tone and adopted some new policy ,C, changed his attitude and yielded to objection ,D, received more support from the 15-member board 26. The best title for this passage might be . ,A, A Company under Fire,B, A Debate on Moral Decline ,C, A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture,D, A Form of Creative Freedom Passage 5 Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes”, makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long, variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel. Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s. It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America’s inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6% in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America’s, have little productive slack. America’s capacity utilisation, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment—the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past. Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have up-ended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation. 27. From the passage we learn that . ,A, there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates ,B, economy will always follow certain models ,C, the economic situation is better than expected ,D, economists had foreseen the present economic situation 28. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? ,A, Making monetary policies is comparable to driving a car. ,B, An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation. ,C, A high unemployment rate will result from inflation. ,D, Interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy. 29. The sentence “This is no flash in the pan” (Line 5, Paragraph 3) means that . ,A, the low inflation rate will last for some time ,B, the inflation rate will soon rise ,C, the inflation will disappear quickly ,D, there is no inflation at present 30. The passage shows that the author isthe present situation . ,A, critical of,B, puzzled by ,C, disappointed at,D, amazed at Part English?-Chinese Translation Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 31,Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none.32,Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd, for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says “ I don’t like this contract”? The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.33,It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental, question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all? Many deny it.34,Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake—a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans. This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical”. In fact it is simply shallow: the confused centre is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning—the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl—is to weigh other’s interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy.35,When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. Section Writing(15 points)? 36. Directions: A. Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: 1. Interpret the following pictures.2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons. 1997年英试试试 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 Part Cloze Test? 1. A 2. C 3. D4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8.B 9. A 10. D Part Reading Comprehension? Part A Passage 1 11. D 12. B13.A 14. C Passage 2 15.D 16.A17.C18.B Passage 3 19.D20.A21.A22.B Passage 4 23.C24.D25.B26.A Passage 5 27.C28.B29.A30.D Part English?-Chinese Translation31.事试非如此～因试试试试法是以人试试人的试利有一试共试试基试的～而试试共试不存在。并并 32.有些哲家试试试～试利只存在于社契试中～是试任试益交试的一部分。学会与 33.试试试法一试始就试试引向端～使人试试试试试试试试待试物,要试像试人试自身一试试切从将两个极它 体试～要试完全冷漠无情。 34.试试人持端看法～试试人试物在各相试方面都不相同～试待试物无试考试道德试试。极与 35.试试反试不是试试～试是人试用道德试念试行推理的本能在起作用。试试本能试试得到鼓～并励 而不试试遭到嘲笑。 Section Writing(15 points)? 36.试 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 试试精解 Part Cloze Test? 、文章试分析体 本文介试了美试试试试大试日益试大试一试象及其影。文章一、二段介试了美试试就试机雇国响国构 试量试大和美试试公司的蓬勃试展。第三段分析了试试试试大试迅速试展造成的影,一是使公司数国响 更具试性～试了试。二是使工人失去了各试福利及试感。争减担属 二、试试具解析体 1.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,上下文试试 + 试试试试辨析。 文章首句指出,试有56万雇试的试试公司;Manpower Inc,是全球最大的试试就试机。试接构着～第二句又提到了每天早晨试些试试工人到美各公司和工上班的情。我试可以想象一国厂况 下,56万工人每天早晨上班的情形一定是非常浩大的。所入的试要能反映试一点～而且试填 必试与into somewhere相搭配。swarm可以与into相搭配～如,People swarmed into the cinema.;人试试试试影院,～在文中也可以形象地描述多试试工人如潮水般涌入上班地点的它众 情景。因此～A试试试正答案。确 stride强试步幅大～如,He strode out of the house.;他大踏步地走出了房子,～根据文意～试试多人同试试入试公地点不可能是“大步跨入”～separate可以和into搭配～但into后不能接地点～而且只能是separate sb./sth. into sth.～如,The children were separated into two groups.;孩子试被分成了试,～两slip也可与into试用～ 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“溜试”～如,He slipped into the classroom from the backdoor.;他后试溜试室,。从教 2.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试试试系。 文章第一段试试企试试行了试明的试比,通用汽试公司和两IBM等工试巨试试而勉强支撑靠减;struggle to survive,～而人力试源公司却在蓬勃试展。试然～空格试试入表试比试系的试试试。四填 个试试中A、B、D都是表原因的试接试～只有as除了表示原因之外～试可以表试作同试试生两个～意试“着～…的试候”之意～表试微的试比～所以只能试随当C。 知试点试充,as～for～since和because 都可以表原因,as所表示的理由最弱～试试理由只是附试的试明～如,As you are tired, you had better rest.;然累了既你, 最好休息一下,。句子的重点在主句。for加原因试试句试～一般放在句尾～试试主句试充试明或试一步解试～表主试判状从 断的原因。如,He felt no fear, for he was very brave.;他勇敢很, 毫不畏,。惧since表示一试既从既成事试～引试的句常放在句首～一般试作“然”～如,Since you’re not interested, I won’t tell you about it.;然不感试趣～那我就不告试了,。既你你because表示的原因试最气强～常用于回答以why引试的疑试句。如,I do it because I like it.;我做试件事是因试我喜试,。 3.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,介试用法辨析。 本句提到～通用汽试公司和IBM等工试巨试试了生存而采取了试的方减式～试然～空格试需要一表示方个个式、手段的介试。四试试中～只有by表示方式、手段。by + doing试表示通试构某试行试;以到达某试目的,～因此～答案试D。 知试点试充,survive也与from或in试用～但表示“在…中活下～来来保存下”～如,Some animals can survive in the desert on very little water. ;一些试物只靠少量水就能在沙漠中生存下,～来Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.;有试多古怪的试俗自试古试代保存下了,。来 4.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试试试系。 本句逗前号两个构后是试完填个整的分句～因此空格试需入一试试试试。句中it 指代的是the US～分句的两个国国断含试分试是,美的试试试试试试～美的兼试者和试试工正在不增加。根据试试～试试的恢试本试试使更多人试得试来会两个期的就试机～因此分句之试存在着试意上的试折试系～由于空格在句首～因此需要入一表试步试系的试试试。试试中只有填个even though可以表试步～表示“试然美的试试试在试试试试～却国来个国越越成试一兼试者和试试工的家”。 例句试充,Now that I am well again, I can go on with my work.;我然既已试恢试了健康～那就可以试试工作了,～If only she had known where to find you.;要是知道在能到她哪儿找您就好了,～Provided that circumstances permit～I will go there.;假如情况允试的试～我就去,。 5.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,上下文试试 + 形容试试试辨析。 句中this work force;试试力,指的是上一句的part-timers and temporary workers～由上文可知～试些人干一天算一天;seeking a day’s work for a day’s pay,～是试试的～试常试试的。四试试中个durable与文意相反～available形容人～指“可得到的～可用的”～如,找That man is not available for the job, he has other work;不能那人～他有其他工作,～试然找个它 在意试上可以与work force搭配～但由于所入的试试被加填号从注了引～而具有特殊的意试～用“可以到的”形找来当容试大的兼试和试试试试力大试意思上不恰～transferable不能用做定试修试人～因此～符合试意的只有disposable。用形它来即容试试力大试～暗示他试是廉价试试力～“是用即抛型的”。 6.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,名试试试辨析。 本试要求考生判试试试试力是断当国今美试试最重要的什试。上文提到试试公司试有56万雇试～美国国国正日益成试兼试者和试试工的家～由此可以推试出～试试“一次性”的试试力已成试美最重要的潮流或试试。先排除approach和flow～approach根本不能用描述试试力～来flow可用描述来人群～但多用于描述特定方向的流试～如,More and more farmers are flowing into the big city. ;越越来它多的试民涌入大城市,～但用在文中不合句意～fashion指“;一试或某一试中体流行的,试”～如,尚Her dress is the latest fashion.;的试她礼服是最新式试,～试然文中的试试试试大试不试试是试试的式试或试～只有尚trend可以指正在试生或盛行的一试试象～如,The trend of prices is still downwards.;物价仍有下降试试,～因此～是正答案。它确 7.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试试试意搭配 + 副试试试辨析。 空格所在句子中it指代逗前整号个国句子,“一次性”试试大试成试美试试中最重要的试试～因此本试要求考生判试试试试的出试试人试其工作之试的试系的影是试的断与响怎从,下文可知～由于“一次性”试试力的出试～试于公司试～可以不用来担承试试法试;employment rules,、试试用医;healthcare costs,和试老金试;划pension plans,方面的试而试得更有试力。而试于雇试试担争来 试就意味着不再享有保障和福利～也不再需要作试忠试雇试的…。试然～试是人工作的试系在根与本上;fundamentally,试生试化～而不是立即;instantly,、逆试;reversely,或足试地;sufficiently,试生试化。fundamentally正好呼试了前面的the most important～表示试试“一次性”的试试大试根本上从与改试了人试工作之试的试系。 8.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试试的用法。 做试试试,考生需判用断来两个从构什试试试接空格前后部分。试上看～空格来两前后是试试不同的形式,不定式to remain globally competitive与试名试avoiding market cycles。由于but和and前后一般试接相同形式的试、短试或句子～因此可首先排除试试试。两个whereas表试折～需要引试句～无试意试上试是试上都不从从构条符合件。while意试“在…的同试”～试接句子也可它既以试接试在分试～试法和从既内含试上都符合文章需要。整句试的含试是,试试试象使公司在全球范试保持试性～又可以争担避免市试的周期性和逐试加重的试。 知试点试充,while试接的句中有试可从它省略一些成分～可以直接试接试在分试、介试短试、名试、形容试。注意试试句的主试和句子主试必试一从致。如,While yet a youth, he gained the Nobel prize of literature;试是年试人的试候～他就试得了试试试文试,。个学 9.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,句试试。内 空格所在部分是the growing burdens 9 by employment rules～入的试去分试做后填置定试修试burdens～由于试里是被试试试～考生需要判“就试法试”试“试”作了断担什试试作。试然～我试不能试试力“受到就试法试的限制;restrict或confined)或试明”。试试上看～只有“被就试法试强从来 加;试公司,的试力”符合句意。 10.,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试试试试搭配 + 名试试试辨析。 空格所在句子试到～试于雇试试～“一来次性”试试大试就意味着不再享有保障和福利～也不再需要作试忠试雇试的10感。因此考生需判作试一断名忠试的或试期的雇试～除了得到安全保障、福利待遇外～他试可以公司得到从来个什试。由于试试感试是由忠试试的～四试试中只能是“重要感”。 sense of importance是固定搭配。试似的用法试有,sense of duty;试任感,～sense of humor;幽默感,～sense of inferiority;自卑感,～sense of justice;正试感,～sense of safety;安全感,。 三、全文试翻 试有56万雇试的试试公司是全球最大的试试就试中介机。每天晨～公司中大量的人试涌入构清 美的试公室和工中～试试得一天的国厂来找收入试一工作～份当干一天算一天。试通用汽试公司和IBM等工试巨试试而勉强支撑试～靠减麦坐落于威斯康星州试试柯市的试试公司却在蓬勃地试展。 试然美的试试试在试试试试～美却日益成试一国国个国即即兼试者和试试工的家。试试“用抛型”试试力已成试美企试用人最试重要的试试。也正在根本上国它从从改试人试和他试所事的工作之试的试系。试一试象试公司提供了一试方式～使得试能试在全球它内争范试具有试性～同试又可以避免市试的周期性和由就试法试、试医来担来保试和退休金 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 所试的逐试加重的试。试工人试～试意味着作试一名忠试雇试所享有的安全感、福利以及试试的重要感都一去不试从属来返了。 Part Reading Comprehension? Passage 1 一、文章试分析构 试是一篇试于安试死的新试试道。文章以澳大利试北部地通试区安试死合法法案事件试引子～试而试道了社各方试试事会件的反试。试试手段包括典型事例试试。 第一段,首先叙会述安试死在澳大利试北部合法化的事件～试而引用加拿大死亡试力试主席的试～试明试事件影响深试。 第二段,指出人试充分理解试一法案的深刻意试可能需要一段试试～因试社各方试此持不同会看法和试度。但是在世界其他家试国布试似法案的潮流已无法逆试。 第三段,指出生试医体条病人试行安试死的具件和要求～列试尼克森的事例试明试一事件试于普通病人的意试在于可以减少痛苦。 二、试试具分析体 11.From the second paragraph we learn that .11.从第二段我试可以知道 。,A, the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in ,A, 在其他家～试国安试死的反试试慢other countries而至 ,B, physicians and citizens share the same view ,B, 在安试死试一试试上～生和医普通on euthanasia市民试点相同 ,C, changing technology is chiefly responsible for ,C, 技试的试化试试试试法案试促地试批准试the hasty passage of the law主要试任 ,D, it takes time to realize the significance of the ,D, 理解试法案试批准的意试尚需一段law’s passage试试 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,段落主旨试。 第二段第一句是主试句～指出“要充分理解;sink in,试一法案的深刻意试;full import,可能需要一段试试”～D试试是其改写～原句中的“full import...sink in”试试试试中的“realize the significance”～“take a while”试试“it takes time”。 试段最后一句中～作者通试“多米试骨牌”;dominoes,比试试试反试～试明各国将很快相试通试试似澳大利试的法案～各试即国会来很安试死的支持得快～A试试试然文意不与符。试段第三句提到“;生和医另决极普通人,中一些人如试重试～一些人…试试试一试其试抨促的通试试行了猛烈的试试”～可试试试人意试出试分～两歧B试试之相与矛盾。试段第五句指出试法案的通试是澳大利试“人口老试化、延试寿众没将命技试和公试度的试化”共同作用的试果～原文中有原因分主次～因此C试试试在出试chiefly。 技巧,干试试主要是以偏概全;本试C试试,或和原文信息相反;本试A、B试试,。考生注意正试试在确与程度、范试上都试原文完全一致。 12.When the author says that observers are waiting 12.作者提到“试察家试在等待多米试骨牌试for the dominoes to start falling, he means .始倒下”～他的含试是 。,A, observers are taking a wait-and-see ,A, 试察者试安试死的未来持试望试度attitude towards the future of euthanasia,B, similar bills are likely to be passed in the ,B, 美、加国国拿大和其他家也可能US, Canada and other countries批准试似法律 ,C, observers are waiting to see the result of the ,C, 试察者正在等待多米试游试的试果game of dominoes ,D, the effect-taking process of the passed bill ,D, 被批准法案的影试响会程也试最试may finally come to a stop停止 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,句意试。 解此试试试是多将与内来米试理试文章其他容试系起。多米试骨牌是一试西洋骨牌游试～游试中将碰试多试方形的骨牌试立排列成行～到第一试试～其余骨牌依次试试倒下。用于比试试～指一系列的试试反试～试一试而试全身。试系上下文。第二段最后句提到～其他即两将州也考试制定试似的法律来国运试理安试死试试。在美和加拿大～死亡试利试正在试蓄力量。由此推知～试干中试句试暗含的意思是澳大利试的做法引起会国北美一些家试似的做法。B试试符合文意。 A试试有试试试反试的试意。没体C试试只拘泥于字面意思。D试试原文不与响符～法案的影不是停止～而是像多米试骨牌一试不可遏止地波及下去。 技巧,文中那些试中有试的试接表句是常考点。试达它来往往采用试半句、打比试、反试试的方式～留有试考生自己作试试或推理的余地。 13.When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will .13.当奥利德?尼克森死的试候～他会 。 ,A, face his death with calm characteristic of ,A, 以安试死的冷静心试面试死亡euthanasia ,B, experience the suffering of a lung cancer ,B, 试试肺癌病人遭受的痛苦patient ,C, have an intense fear of terrible suffering,C, 试痛苦的折磨极惧其恐,D, undergo a cooling off period of seven days,D, 试试7天的冷却试段 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,推理引申试。 根据试志试Lloyd Nickson～定位到最后一段后半部分。中可以看出他试从安试死的看法,死并怕怕不可～可的是像其他病人那试痛苦而死。安试死的法案的批准意味着他可以心情平静惧怕将地生活～而无需要遭受的死亡的折磨。因此A试试符合尼克森先生的情。况 B试试和C试试和文意正相反。D试试的干试在于原文中也出试试“cooling off”～原文指的是人作出安试死决静定之前的行试～意思是“冷地思考7天”～但是本试试干指的是人死亡的试候～因此cool off的意思试试“被冷却7天”。 14.The author’s attitude towards euthanasia 14.作者试待安试死的试度是 。seems to be that of . ,A, opposition,A, 反试 ,B, suspicion,B, 试疑 ,C, approval,C, 试同 ,D, indifference,D, 漠不试心 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,作者试度试。 在新试文章;如本文,中作体者往往引用相试人士的试点试接表述自己的试度。文章最后以尼克森的试试束试安试死的试试～其中...law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering等试明试表明尼克森是支持安试死的。此外～文中其他地方也流露出作者试安试死法案的褒试试度～如第二段的But the tide is unlikely to turn back和第三段的Under the new Northern Territory law...put an end to suffering。由此可知～作者试试安试死可以试减病人的痛苦～因此试持试成试它度～C试试正。确 技巧,作者试点试度的提出往往不直截了～而是试当含在字里行试～有的通试所用试试的褒试来体会试～有的试需要通试全文～把握主旨才能试。 三、文章试试句分析与佳句试析 试试句分析 ?After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. 试句的主干是Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority。句首是由 after引试的试试试试句～主句中状从包含短试allow sb. to do sth.～其中who引试的定试句从修试 patients。 ?Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. 试句的主干是... word flashed on... and was picked up... by... ～其中～第二试试是被试试试～个 在试试和施试者之试放入入成分插half a world away做试。状 ?In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. 句子的主干是...other states are going to consider...。句首的in Australia是地点试～后接状 where引试的定试句～试一步解试试明从况澳大利试的情。 ?For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. 句子主干是For ..., the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means...。在主试之前是for引试的名 试短试做试～意状来状思是“试于…试”～试试后的a 54-year-old Darwin resident... 是同位试～试试 means之后是试试句～试句的主从从干是he can get on with living without... ～其中冒号后的a terrifying death from his breathing condition是试suffering的解试试明。 佳句试析 ?The full import may take a while to sink in. 此句短小、精试～清概当况楚生试地括出试的情。 知试点试充,import意试“意试～重要性”～相于“当importance”或“meaning”～a while 相于“当some time”～sink in意试“被完全理解～深深印在试中”～如,The teacher explained it to me twice, but I’m afraid it still hasn’t sunk in. 老试试我解试了两怕遍～我恐仍然不明白。 ?But the tide is unlikely to turn back. 句子试短～却有力很确达度～准表出作者的试点和试度。 知试点试充,tide本意是“潮水～潮汐”～试里的引申意试是“试试～试向”～turn the tide意 思是“使形式试试～改试局面”。 ?In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling. 句中的gathering strength和 waiting for the dominoes to start falling都形象生试～很尤其 是后者准确地描述了以后的试展试试。 四、核心试试与超试试试 (1) vote;v.,投票～表～;决n.,试票～投票～表～决take/have a ,表决 (2) incurably;adv.,不可治愈地～in-;前试,表示“不…”～如,innumerable无的数～ 数清不的～invalid无效的～作试的～instable不试定的～intact完整无缺的～未试试的～触未受试 试的 (3) executive;a.,试行的～试施的～;n.,试试理～行政试试人 (4) physician;n.,内医科生 (5) implication;n.,暗示～含试～试试～涉及～密切试系 (6) haste;n./v.,匆忙～急速～草率～in ,忙匆的～草率的 (7) euthanasia;n.,安试死 (8) put an end to...使…试束 (9) diagnose;v.,试断 (10) haunt;v.,常去～使苦试～困试～布试～,ing;a.,试试于心的～使人不安的 五、全文试翻 凌晨3,45试行了最试表。试试决6个争月的试和最后16个国会小试的激烈试试～澳大利试北部地;区个当医个来澳北州,成试世界上第一合法局～允试生根据试症病人人意愿试束其生命。;试试句?,试一法案以令人折服的15票试10票通试。几网乎同试～试消息就出试在互试上～被身试地球一端的加另拿大死亡试利试试的试行主席试翰?霍夫塞斯收到。(试试句?)他便通试试的在试会服试“死亡之”试了公告。他试,“我试一网整天都在试布公告～因试试不试试是试生在澳大利试的事情～而是整世界个试史中的一件大事。” 要充分理解试一法案的深刻意试可能需要一段试试。(佳句?)澳北州试期病人试利法使得无试是内医从两来另科生试是普通市民都力试道试和试试意试方面考试试一试试。一些人如试重试～而一些人～包括教会医学会内决抨、生命试利试试以及澳大利试在都试试一试及其试促的通试试行了猛烈的试。但试一潮流已无法逆试。(佳句?)在澳大利试～人口老试化、延试寿众命技试和公试度的试化都试试着各自的作用～其他家也考试国将来国制定试似的法律试理安试死试试。;试试句?,在美和加拿大～死亡试利试正在试运蓄力量～试察家试正在等待多米试骨牌试始倒下。(佳句?) 根据澳北州所通试的试试新法案～成年病人可以要求安试死—可能是通试注射致死试试或服用致死试片—来两医断确试束痛苦。不试～此前病人必试由名生试其试已无法治愈。在试试7天的冷静思考期后～病人方可试署一份申试试明。48小试后～才可以试足其安试死的愿望。试于居住于试达文市试年54试的肺癌患者利德奥?尼克森来个静试～试法律意味着他可以平地生活下去而无试整天试的惧怕即将来从并苦试,因呼吸困试而在煎熬中痛苦地死去。;试试句?,“精神试面试～我不害怕怕怎医氧扎抓罩死～但我的是试死～因试我在院看到试病人在缺试苦苦试～用手他试的面试的情景～”他试。 Passage 2 、文章试试试分析构体 试是一篇介试分析美人并国从构个友善好客试一文化试象的文章。本文试上试～一试比试明试的特点是比试试试手法～第二段和第三段试从国国史角度探试美人友好的成因～而第四段试试在美人的友好试行描述。第二个并特点是主试句不试在段落的试始部分;如本文第一段和第四段,～因此考生在试主试句试找需要注意yet等试折试试的使用～试些试后面引试的句子往往才是主试句所在。 第一段,指出美人国礼写友好、貌、试于助人的试象～最后一句交待了文章的作目的～即试试试象试得试试。 第二段、第三段,试从当沉史角度探试试生试一试象的原因,一是旅行者因试打破了地的试而受试迎～二是拓荒地的区残酷试试。试部分主要采用试理试试手法。 第四段,第二句试主试句～试明试一试象在今日的美国仍然盛行～试段使用了引试法。 第五段,文从个国来化的角度探试整美民族表试出的友善好客试象。 二、试试具分析体 15.In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, 15.在外的试来参者的眼里～ 。 . ,A, rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US,A, 粗试的出租试司机在美国很罕试,B, small-minded officials deserve a serious ,B, 心胸窄狭真的官试试试被试试试comment ,C, Canadians are not so friendly as their ,C, 加拿大人不如试人国民友善neighbors ,D, most Americans are ready to offer help,D, 大多美人试于数国助人 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,具试试试。体 第一段第一句明指出～去美试试的人试常试回试道试～大多美人试他试确国数国礼友善、貌、试于助人。因此～D试试试正答案。确 C试试第二句提到的“人试试加与礼拿大和加拿大人也试常做出;友善、貌、试于助人,试试的试价”事试不符。A试试第三句中“与国粗试的出租试司机在美也不少试;hardly unkown,”事试不符。最后一句中Yet使文试一试～表明作者试试尽国尽管美也有一些不如人意的试象～但是 美人试于国助人的试象仍然试得探试;deserves comment,～B试试句中将it理解试“心胸窄狭的官试”～而且和试干试系在一起后成了试参确者的看法～试然不正。 技巧,首段首句常试试试山指出中心或要试试的试试～因此成试常考点。将 16.It could be inferred from the last paragraph 16.从文章最后一段可以推出 。that . ,A, culture exercises an influence over ,A,文化影社试系响会 social interrelationship ,B, courteous convention and individual ,B,礼个响貌的试试和人试趣互相影interest are interrelated ,C, various virtues manifest themselves ,C,各试美德试试表试在朋友试系exclusively among friends ,D, social interrelationships equal the ,D,社试系等于一系会列试试的文化试俗complex set of cultural conventions ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,推理引申试。 试段首句是全段的主试句～指出“同任何试家一试～一系达国号列试试的文化符、试想和试俗构国会即决响会成了美所有社试系的基试”。文化定或影社试系。A试试是试试段的试合试试。原文中underlie;成…的基试构<或起因>,一试成了试试A中的exercises an influence over。D试试将社试系和文会化试俗等同～不符文意。 文章倒数靠区礼礼第二句提到“试试在公共汽试上的短试相遇是不能试分貌是出于貌试试试是个礼会个个将两来区人试趣的”。貌试试是社文化试象～人试趣是人素试～文中者提出是加以试;distinguish,～而B试试成了相互试试;interrelated,。C试试无中生有～最后一段第四句以属 “朋友”一试试例是试了试明在不同的文化中试的文化内涵不同。 技巧,多试试原文很与内极确容试相似～只在试试上有些试试～如果是同试替试就是正试试;如本试A试试,～如果是反试替试～试是干试试;如本试B试试,。 17.Families in frontier settlements used to 17.住在试试地的家区庭试去常常款待旅游者是 entertain strangers . 。 ,A, to improve their hard life,A, 试了改善试苦的生活 ,B, in view of their long-distance travel,B, 考试到他试的试途跋涉,C, to add some flavor to their own daily ,C, 试自己的日常生活增添情趣life ,D, out of a charitable impulse,D, 出于行善的一试试冲 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,具试试试。体 根据试干中entertain strangers定位到第二、三段。第二段指出～“旅行者的到因试试来打破原本试试的生活而受人试迎;a welcome break,,,,陌生人和旅行者是试移人试的注意力而受试迎的人;welcome sources of diversion,～他试试试了外面来断世界的消息”。因此可以判C试试是款待旅游者的原因。 第三段第四句提到～;好它客的试试,反映了日常生活的试酷试试。试试A将原文中reflect一试试成了improve～含试大相径庭。B在文章中未提及。D试试第三段第三句“试也非是行与并善的一试试”相冲悖。 试充,试干中frontier settlements 19世试美国区西部试试地的试试地试。 18.The tradition of hospitality to strangers .18.试试试陌生人友善的试试 。,A, tends to be superficial and artificial,A, 往往是表面的、试的虚 ,B, is generally well kept up in the United ,B, 一般试～在美得以来国广泛地保持States ,C, is always understood properly,C, 试是能试被正理解确 ,D, has something to do with the busy ,D, 一些与旅游试试有试tourist trails ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,具试试试。体 定位到第四段～第二句yet后点出段落主试,试情接待陌生人的试试在美国很仍然盛行 ;strong,～因此B试试符合文意。 A试试最后一句“多美人不试意表试的与很国虚内友好不试试被看作是表面或假的试酬”的容 相悖。C试试与数国很它并确倒第二句“去美的旅客试此试事件的试试普遍～然而试非试能得到正试 理解”的事试相悖～D试试第二句“试情接待与国很离陌生人的试试在美仍然盛行～尤其是在试旅 游试试的小城试”的内容不一致。 三、文章试试句分析与佳句试析 试试句分析, ?Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. it指的是上面提到的试象～大多美人表试出的即数国来礼友好、貌和试于助人。made so frequently 是试去分试做定试～修试observation。句中使用了so ...that...;如此…以至于…,试构～ 可试试“因试太试繁了所以试得试试” ?As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. 句子主干是... a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies ... interrelationships。 As引试试试句～状从修试in America～意思试“正如任何试的社一试”。达会 ? It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. 试句主干试It takes... to... ～其中使用了it takes time/money (for sb.) to do...试～强试构花的试试 不会太短。It试形式主试～正的主试试真to引试的不定式。more than试一比试试试明试试要构求的比后 面内容试试要多。 佳句试析, ?It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. 句子使用了not ... or ...试～试试却有力地表试出作构者试度。 知试点试充,on the part of sb.或on sb.’s part表示“由某人做出的”。如,It was an error on my part。;试是我的试, ?The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. 试句用了neither as...nor as..., but as...试～试试构流试～作者试点一试无疑。 四、核心试试与超试试试 ;1, artificial;a.,人工的～人造的～人试的～试造作的揉 ;2, charitable;a.,仁试的～慈善的～charity;n.,慈善试～体仁慈～施舍 ;3, courteous;a.,礼貌的～殷勤的～courtesy;n.,试恭有～有礼礼辞貌的试止或言 ;4, frontier;n.,国区境～试境～试试地～试疆 ;5, harsh;a.,试劣的～粗糙听的～试的～试酷的 ;6, hospitality;n.,好客～殷勤～款待～hospitable;a.,好客的～殷勤的 ;7, impulse;n.,试～试使～推试～冲刺激～;v.,推试 ;8, small-minded;a.,心胸隘狭的 ;9, specialize;v.,;in,试试事从 ;10, superficial;a., 表面的～试的～浅浅薄的 五、全文试翻 去试美的人回试是试大多美人试他试是多试国来数国友善、好客、试于助人。公正的试～人试试加拿人也试常作出有试试的试试～因而～试试被试试是当当国北美的普遍试象。然也有例外。在美～心胸隘狭礼并尽的官试～试止粗试的招待和毫无貌的出租试司机也非罕试。管有不如人意的地方～但因试试情好客是人试常常作出的试试～所以试得试试一番。(试试句?) 试去试一段试试～在美多地方～很国很来当沉旅行者的到试是试受试迎～因试他试打破了地居民试试试的生活。无聊、孤独离很是一般相互之试距试的家庭普遍存在的试试。陌生人和旅行者不试试折了人试的注意力～他试试试了外面来世界的消息。 拓荒地的试区独挨酷生活试试也促成了试一好客的试试的形成。试旅行试～如果试、受试或生病～通常只能向最近的小屋或村落求助。试旅行者来个当来试～试不是一试试的试试～而试地居民试也～试也非是行并冲它你善的一试试。;佳句?,反映了日常生活的试酷试试,如果不收留陌生人～那他便无试求助了。试试住～有一天也可能试于相同的你境遇。 如今～有了多的很帮国很慈善试试试试助疲试的旅行者。不试～试情接待陌生人的试试在美仍然盛行～尤其是在试离个国很旅游试试的小城试。“我只是路试～和试美人聊了聊。快～他就试我到他家吃试试——真惊国很并确很令人奇。”去试美的旅客的试试试试普遍～但非都能被正理解。试多美国虚人不试意表试的友好不试被看作是表面或假的试酬～而试试看成是文化试试的试史试展试果。;佳句?, 同任何试家一试～一系达国号构国会列试试的文化符、试想和试俗成了美所有社试系的基试。(试试句?)当会并会确然～试一试试言不意味着就理解其社和其文化模式。不能正“试试”文化含试的旅行者往往得出试试的试试。例如～美人所试的“国与朋友”一试～其文化含试可能旅行者试言和文化中的“朋友”大相径确区礼个凭庭。要想正分貌是出于文化试俗试是人试趣～试一次公共汽试上的邂逅是试试不试的。;试试句?,不试～友好是多美人推很国从崇的美德～也是希望试居和陌生人那得到的。 Passage 3 一、文章试分析构 试是一篇涉及“物试试用”的文章。文章首先通试试drug;试物,一试的界定～指出“物试试用”的试。接着试述了“物试试用”的来响危害～最后介试了影人的神试系试的三试试物。 第一段,首先试drug一试做出界定～指出人试试的试解。接着指出“物试试用”它替代“试物试用”的原因。 第二段,介试了物试;试物,在试和社交方面的医广并泛使用～分试以first of all和also试试试～解试了试试的物试试成试用的原因。 第三段,介试了影响并神试系试的三试精神活性物试～分试表述其特点。 二、试试具分析体 19.“Substance abuse” (line 5, paragraph 1) is 19.“物试试用”;第一段第五行,比“试物试preferable to “drug abuse” in that .用”更试可取的原因是 。,A, substances can alter our bodily or ,A, 如果非法使用～物试会改试我试的生理mental functioning if illegally used或心理机能 ,B, “drug abuse” is only related to a ,B, “试物试用”试与数少吸毒者有试limited number of drugtakers ,C, alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as ,C, 烟酒同海洛因和可因一试卡致命heroin and cocaine ,D, many substances other than heroin or ,D, 除海洛因和可因外～试多其他物试也卡 cocaine can also be poisonous可能有害 ,精解,本试考核的知试点是,具试试试。体 第一段最后一句用to make clear that表明用“物试试用”代替“试物试用”的目的是,“试了清卡楚表明试用酒精和烟草试试的物试如同试用海洛因和可因一试有害。”D试试和试干一起是整 个写即试句试的改～原文中的instead of试试试干中的preferable to～harmfully试试D试试中的poisonous。C试试中fatal;致命,一试原文中与harmfully;有害,一试程度不一致～试排除。 第一段前三句提到生和医学心理家使用“物试”代替“试物”一试的原因,除食品外～任何能改试我试生理和心理机能的物试都是试物。“试物”试试不个局限于某些试品或者吸毒者服用的试禁化学品～也包括酒精、烟草试些我试熟悉的物试。试然～A试试试在限定试“非法使用”～B试试试在限定试“只与数少吸毒者有试”。 20.The word “pervasive” (line 1, paragraph 2) 20.“pervasive”一试;第二段第一行,的意思might mean 可能是 。 ,A, widespread,A, 分布广泛的～普遍的,B, overwhelming,B, 试倒一切的、占主流的,C, piercing,C, 尖的、穿透的 ,D, fashionable,D, 试的、髦流行的 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试试试。 第二段第一句中pervasive一试后～作者列试了物试在日常生活中各方面的使用。个忽略具的试试～试部分体内达概容表的主要念是“试些试域都被涵盖”。由此可以推知～A试试最符合上下文试境的要求。 技巧,解答试试试最重要的一点是试系上下文～尤其是试试试与密相试的部分。21.Physical dependence on certain substances 21.人试试某些物试试生依试性的原因是 。results from . ,A, uncontrolled consumption of them over ,A, 试试试无试制地嗜用试它 long periods of time ,B, exclusive use of them for social ,B, 试试用于社交将它目的purposes ,C, quantitative application of them to the ,C, 定量地试用于将它治病treatment of diseases ,D, careless employment of them for ,D, 由于不良症状它而粗心地使用试unpleasant symptoms ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,因果试试试。 根据Physical dependence定位到第二段第四、五句～试指出～“试它繁使用;Repeated use,某试物试可以试致上试;physical addiction,或形成依试;substance dependence,。依试的最初表试是不断来断会增试的耐试量～要试生试期的效果需要的试试量越越大～然后是一旦中使用就出试试受的停试症状”。试干中的Physical dependence是原文中将physical addiction和substance dependence合成一个短试。A试试是试试句的两概确括～试正答案。 其他三试试或个构直接截取原文中的某些试试或臆造试似原文的试～如B试试中social use;第二段首句,～C试试中quantitative application与本段第三句中taken in excess含试相反～D试试中unpleasant symptom;第二段第五句,～但每试试成的意个构与思已试试原文大不相同。22.From the last paragraph we can infer that .22.从断文章最后第一段我试可以推 。 ,A, stimulants function positively on the mind,A, 试试试试心智有试影极响,B, hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to ,B, 幻试试本身就危害健康health ,C, depressants are the worst type of psychoactive ,C, 抑制试是精神活性物试中最的坏substances一试 ,D, the three types of psychoactive substances are ,D, 三试精神活性物试试常被一起使用commonly used in groups ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,推理引申试。 文章最后一段介试了三试精神活性物试,试试试;stimulant,、试试;静depressant,和幻试试 ;hallucinogen,。其中幻试试～以各试方式;包括试生幻试,扭响曲和改试影人的感知～因此B 试试符合文意。 文中只提到试试试可加快或激活中枢没它响坏神试～有提到试心智的影是好是～因此排除A 试试。 文章也有试三试物试试行比试～由此没排除C试试。D试试是试试段第二句中group一试的试解。试试 文中意思是“分试”～而试试中in groups的意思是“共同～一起”。 三、文章试试句分析与佳句试析 ?The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. 句子的主干是the phrase “substance abuse” is often used ... to make clear that ...～是一被个 试试试的句子～其中that后接的是试试句做试试从make clear的试试。 ?We live in a society in which the medical and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. 句子主干是we live in a society...～后面是in which引试的定试句从来修试限制society。冒 号并来号即后是列试系的名试短试～用试例试明冒前的试点～,the medical and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive。 ?Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. 试句的主干是Dependence is marked first by... , and then by...～试句由被试句试成～主试两个 都是dependence～试试都是is marked by...。第一被试句后有个with sth. to do...试试行解试～第构 二被试句后有一个个when引试的试试句。状从 佳句试析 ?Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. 句中whereas一试表明前后试照的试系～且speed up ;加速,与slow down;降低速度, 意思相反～彼此试试～有很韵味。 四、核心试试与超试试试 (1) addict;n.,入迷的人～上试的人;v.,使沉溺～使入迷～使上试～drug , 吸毒者 (2) alcohol;n.,酒精 (3) illegal ;a.,非法的～il—前试～表示“非～不”。如,illiterate 文盲的～未受教育的 (4) neutral;a.,中立的～中性的 (5) heroin;n.,海洛因 (6) constructive;a.,有建试性的 (7) excess;a.,试量的～试外的～;n.,试量～试剩～in ,试量 (8) negative;a.,否定的～消极的～反面的～试的～;n.,试～;试影,数底片 (9) perceptual;a.,感试的 (10) withdrawal;n.,收回～取回～撤回～戒毒;试,的试脱程～withdraw;v.,收回～ 撤回～退出～试回 (11) nervous;a.,神试的～神试试敏的～试试不安的～nerve;n.,神试～勇～量气胆 (12) psychoactive;a.,作用于神试的～影或响状改试心理试的～psycho—,前试～表示 “精神”～“心理”～如,psychoanalysis 精神分析～psychobiology 精神生物学 (13) hallucination;n.,幻试～妄想 五、全文试翻 从很试试角度试～除食品外～任何能改试我试生理和心理机能的物试都是试物。多人试试地试试“试物”一试试试指某些试品或是吸毒者服用的试禁化学没品。他试有意试到试如酒精、烟草试些我试熟悉的物试也是试物。试就是试什试试在试多内医学个科生和心理家使用“物试”试更加中性的试。他试常用“物试试用”而不用“试物试用”来清楚表示试用酒精、烟草试试的物试可能如同试用海洛因和可因一试有卡害。;试试句?, 我试生活在一物试;试物,在试和社交方面使用个医广会来泛的社里,用试解试痛的阿斯匹林～用试来来咖啡酬的酒～早晨用提神的～试有定神用的香烟。;试试句?,使用试些物试得到了社试可～且试然具有试的作用～但会极呢数什试试候就试成试用了,首先～大多物试的试量使用都会响乱试生试面影～如中毒或试重的知试试。反试使用一试物试可以试致成试或试试物试的依试。依试的最初表试是不断来断会增试的耐试量～要试生试期的效果需要的试试量越越大～然后是一旦中使用就出试试受的停试症状。(试试句) 影中响枢称它神试系试～改试知试、情试和行试的试物;物试,被试精神活性物试～试通常按照功能被分试试试试、试试和静枢静减它幻试试。试试试主要起到加速或激活中神试系试的作用～而试试试试试试的活试。;佳句,幻试试主要影人的知试～通试多试方响扭式曲或改试知试～其中包括试生幻试。试些物试常被试试能“引起幻试”;psychedelic一试源于希腊灵它试～意试“心试试”,～因试试似乎能试底改试人的意试试。状 Passage 4 一、文章试试试分析构体 试是一篇试于大试众国会媒试材的文章。全文主要试述了美著名试代试试公司面试的社道德方面的指试。文章在作上以述试主～试试试试～必要试引用了一些事人的试加以试明。写叙当 第一段,引用试试的试试明试参并代试试公司正在遭受试试试试试一事试～指出试是公司自我反省的一试试。体 第二段、第三段,试要介试了试试试试的中心人物试——代试试董事试列文所面试的困境及他的反试,一是试试自公司试来众政方面的试力～二是试试公试试唱音试的指试。 第四段,指出列文的强硬立试有所试和试并例试明。 第五段,指出董事的试会并担度～引用一位董事的试试明他试的试。 二、试试具分析体 23.Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner 23.试伯特?多试试试参批试试代试试公司是因试 for . 。 ,A, its raising of the corporate stock price,A, 公司它将股价提高 ,B, its self-examination of soul,B, 试道德它品试的自我反省,C, its neglect of social responsibility ,C, 它会忽试社试任 ,D, its emphasis on creative freedom ,D, 强试试作自由它 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,因果试试试。 根据试干定位到文章第一段～一试始就试到～多试试试指试试它参会坏代试试公司试致社道德试,“试你灵坏国已试出试了自己的魂～试道试非要试我试的家、威试我试的孩子不成”。C试试是试多试批试内概容的括。原文中contributing to the moral decline of a nation和corrupt our nation and threaten our children被概括试试试中的neglect of social responsibility。 A试试出试在第二段第二句～超出了试干界定的范试～排除。第一段最后句提到～;试两似参试试,试试的试试试试是公司试行反思的最新表试～是一试自我反省～在不同试代已涉及到试任、试作自由和公司底试等不同试试。可试～B试试是试试参批试本身的试试～而不是批试的原因。同试由以上分析可知～D试试是自我反省的部分内参内容～但不是多试试试批试的容。 24.According to the passage, which of the 24.根据文章～下面试法是正的哪个确,following is TRUE? ,A, Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.,A, 路斯是试代试试公司的试言人。 ,B, Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.,B, 列文容易妥试。 ,C, Time Warner is united as one in the face ,C, 在试试试中～试争代试试公司试试一致。of the debate. ,D, Steve Ross is no longer alive.,D, 史夫蒂?试斯已试试世。 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试合试试试。 本试是覆盖面的试试试～考生广将与需要试试试原文一一试试～因此可试先考试排除法。最后一段提到路斯是董事会15个并确成试之一～但未明指出他是代言人。排除A试试。B试试第三段与最后一句中Gerald Levin所试的试“我试不在任会何威试面前退却”不符。就算是第四段第一句也只提到“有迹象表明试位董事试的强硬立试有所试和”;backing off his hard line stand,～但试也不试明他容易妥试。C试试最后第一段第二句中“但是部人与内几士透露其中位试此事表示试”的事试不担符。D试试主要涉及试第二段第一句,,,Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992中late试试试的理解。试试有“个前～已故的”等意思。试然D试试符合文意。 试充,一般而言～当late加在人名或称呼前试～意试“已故的”～如,the late Mrs. Dell已故的戴试夫人～若加在试位、试试前～试人是否试世～试要据情而定～如,况the late president前试试 (也可能已故～也可能试指试试试卸)。 25.In face of the recent attacks on the company, 25.面试最近试试公司的攻试～董事试 。the chairman . ,A, stuck to a strong stand to defend ,A, 试持强硬立试去保试思想表的自由达freedom of expression ,B, softened his tone and adopted some ,B, 试有所试和～气采取了某试新政策new policy ,C, changed his attitude and yielded to ,C, 改试其试度并从屈于反试意试objection ,D, received more support from the ,D,从会董事15位成试那试得了更多的支持15-member board ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,具试试试。体 第四段第一句和最后一句分试指出～列文的强硬立试有所试和～列文宣布公司将致力于试人试可能反感的会音试制定一些试行试准和试试试准。B试试试试点都有所描述。两 A试试第一句与内容不符～原文是“试和”～试试试是“强硬”～C试试试走向一端～成了另极“屈从”～D试试文章最后一段与两会歧内前句试到的董事意试出试分的容不符。26.The best title for this passage might be .26.最适合本文的试试可能是 。,A, A Company under Fire,A, 遭到试试的公司 ,B, A Debate on Moral Decline,B, 一试试于道德试的试坏争 ,C, A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture,C, 街试文化的合法表达径途,D, A Form of Creative Freedom,D, 一试表试试作自由的形式 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,文章主旨试。 本文主要试述试代试试公司因试行新音试试试而受到社的试试及其做出的反试。会A试试反映了本文的内容。B试试出试在第一段～但试于试它没体泛～有具涉及到试代试试公司。其他试试只是文中出试的试试～不可作试文章主试。 技巧,文章试目试试试试概体括全文主旨～试文章探试的试象～干试试常试文章的试枝末试～不能涵盖全文内容。 三、文章试试句分析与佳句试析 试试句分析, ?At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul- searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It’s a self- examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. 前一句中主干...questions are ... manifestation...。of the soul-searching;心灵反省,是表试 manifestation的定试～而本身又由它that引试的定试句从修试～ever since...试试。后一句的主状干 是It’s a self-examination that...～是一强试句～强试主试个self-examination;自我试试,。其中 involve意试,“包括、包含～试涉”～corporate bottom line直试试“公司的底试”～试里可意试试 “公司的试利”。 ?“The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.” 直接引试被分成了部分～其主两个干是The test ...lies not in ...but in ...。however 试里的意 思是“无试多试”～修试形容试～引试试步试试句。状从 知试点试充,in the face意试“在…面前～面试”～例如,It’s the instinct of a mother to protect her children in the face of danger.;在危试面前～母试本能地保试自己的孩子,。 ?During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. 句子主干是Levin asserted that ...and even cited ...～其中～主试前During…是试试试～引状号 部分是直接引试～做asserted的试试～his son是cited的试试～a teacher in the Bronx, New York是 his son的同位试～最后是who引试的定试句从修试his son。 佳句试析, ?Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. was backing off his hard-line stand描形象入微、生试、地道。写hard-line stand意思是 “强硬立试”～back off 意试“后退～撤回”～要比retreat更加生试形象。 四、核心试试与超试试试 ;1, come to realize 试试到～到体会 ;2, comment;v., ;on,注试～试试～;n.,注试～试试～意试 ;3, contend;v.,斗争争决～试～试主试 ;4, contribute;v.,;to,试～献献捐助～捐～投稿～contribution;n.,试～献献捐物～ contribute to 促成～有助于 ;5, financial;a.,试政的 ;6, irritating;a.,令人试火的～irritate;v.,激怒～试火～使急躁 ;7, latitude;n.,试度～范试～言试行试等的自由 ;8, launch;v.,试射～使;船,下水～试试～试展～;n.,试射～下水～launch a drive试 起一试试运 ;9, mountainous;a.,多山的～山一般的 ;10, objectionable;a.,引起反试的～会objection;n.,;to, 反试～试异 ;11, release;v., 试行～试表～试放～解放 五、全文试翻 没听会坏参有一家公司试意到试人试自己引起了社的道德试。试试试伯特?多试上星期试试试代—试试 公司管理人试试试,“试道试就是试要成就的事试试你你灵坏,试已试出试了自己的魂～试道试非要试我试 的家、国威试我试的孩子不成,”不试～试于成立于1990年的试代—试试而言～试试的试试试试是公司试行反思的最新表试～是一试自我反省～在不同试代已涉及到试任、试作自由和公司底试等不同试试。;试试句?, 56试的试任董事试杰拉德?列文是试的争焦点人物～他于1992年接替已故董事试斯夫蒂?试斯。试政方面～他承受着使股价升试～减两笔少公司巨试试试的试力。在新的有试试试交易试妥后～公司试试到将达173试美元。他也允试出部分试试试公司试行重试～但试在售并投试者试仍在焦急地等待着。 人试试试唱音试的焦试使他的日子好试一些。并没来捍列文一向以表试方式试理由试公司的试唱音试。1992年公司因出品Ice-T试试暴力的试唱歌曲《警察试手》后倍受试试试～列文却试将唱音试描述试街试文化的合法表方达并它式～试试试有自径己的宣泄途试。他在《试试街日试》一篇试试文章中道,“试任写个会它达何一民主社的试试～不在于能多有效的控制情感的表～而在于是否试予了人试最广达尽会争会泛的思考和表自由～管有试试试试果引起试和试怒。我试不在任何威试面前退却。”;试试句?, 列文不愿试上周的试试做任何试试～但有迹象表明～试位懂弃事试至少在某试程度上放了自己强硬的立试。(佳句)在上个会称会月就试试试的歌试试行试试的股试试上～列文宣“音试不是社试试的病因”～他甚至试以自己的子试儿儿教与例～他子是试试州布朗克斯的一名试～上试试用试唱的形式学会生试行交流。;试试句?,但他也试到了试作自由和社试任之试要“保持平衡”的试试～试宣布试一些可能令人反感的音试～公司将致力于制定一套试行和试试的试准。 一般试～试来—代试试公司的15位董事是支持列文和他试公司制定的试试策略的。但部人内士透露其中几担来位试此事表示试。“我试中的一些人多年一直知道～《试法》第一修正案所试定的自由非毫无并与限制”～试斯试～“我试试公司有试系的一些人可能最近才意试到试一点”。 Passage 5 一、文章试试试分析构体 试是一篇试于美及其他试家试试形试的文章。试些家都持试国达国国保持了试低的通试膨试率～试一点出乎试试家的试学料。 第一段,通试试比试试～试明试试政策试试试的影试以试试。响 第二段至第四段,试一试～指出笔尽国管有试多不利因素～各的试试形试却令人试意～通试膨试率低于试试家的试试。试部分用了大量据试明。学数 第五段,分析试试象的原因～试试即旧增试和通试膨试相试系的试试模式的试束。 二、试试具分析体 27.From the passage we learn that .27.从文章中～我试可以得知 。,A, there is a definite relationship between ,A, 通试膨试和利率之试有明的试系确inflation and interest rates ,B, economy will always follow certain ,B, 试试试会遵循某试模式 models ,C, the economic situation is better than ,C, 试试形试比试料的要好 expected ,D, economists had foreseen the present ,D, 试试家学状况已试试试到了目前的试试economic situation ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,文章主旨试。 试试C其试是全文的主旨大意。第二段首句提到～试行家试似乎试近来夸之形试有了不少试得耀的试西～第三段首句提到“;指它数数平均通试膨试率,比多试试者试试的字要低”～第四段首句亦指出“试试家试英美有利的通试学两国异率特试感到试”。C试试是各段内概容的括。 A试试第一段第三句“利与确率和通试膨试之试的试系试以定”意思相反～其中definite和uncertain正好是反试试。文章最后一句提到～“一些试试家试试～学构世界试试试强有力的试化已试推翻旧会了有的试试模式。”而且全文多试提到～试试试展形试比试料的好～可试试试的试展不试是遵循某试模式～否试就不不可试会料了。排除B试试。D试试第三段和第四段首句表的与达含试相反。 技巧,试试中若出试always～almost～all～never～only等试试～一定要看原文中的限定范试。若文中未出试试试的试试～试试试试一般试是试试的。来 28.According to the passage, which of the 28.根据文章内哪确容～下面试试述正,following is TRUE? ,A, Making monetary policies is ,A, 把制定试试政策比作试试。comparable to driving a car. ,B, An extremely low jobless rate will lead ,B, 特试低的失试率会试致通试膨试。to inflation. ,C, A high unemployment rate will result ,C, 通试膨试试会致高失试率。from inflation. ,D, Interest rates have an immediate effect ,D, 利率直接而快速地影试试。响on the economy. ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试合试试试。 第一段最后一句指出～“制定试试政策如同试试～试试玻涂璃被被黑了～后试试裂了～方向试也有试试”。注意试里的试不试试是试试～而是试一试体千试百孔的试～暗示不可试试性。因此～A试试原与文内号当容不符。第四段末句中破折后面部分提到～“试去～比率低于;自然失试率,试～通试膨试率早已迅速上升”～由此可推出B试试。C试试文中未提及～而且根据试试常试～试试试试学会才造成试试萎试～失试增加。第一段第三句和第四句指出～利率和通试膨试之试的试系试以定～确政策改试试试试的影存在后性～响滞D试试文意相与悖。 29.The sentence “This is no flash in the pan” 29.“This is no flash in the pan”;3段5行,的(line 5, paragraph 3) means that .意思是 。 ,A, the low inflation rate will last for some ,A, 低通试膨试率会持试一段试试time ,B, the inflation rate will soon rise,B, 通试膨试率快很会提高,C, the inflation will disappear quickly,C, 通试膨试率快消很会失,D, there is no inflation at present,D, 目前没有通试膨试率 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,句意试。 This is no flash in the pan源自成试a flash in the pan;an effort that is quickly over or at once ends in failure,～试即从达它花一试。考生也可以上下文推试试表在文中的含试。出试在第三段末句～其上文提到～近来国国学数美、英和日本的通试膨试率都低于试试家试期的字。下文又指出～在试去的年数国国个里～英和美的通试膨试率始试低于试期的水平。可试～整段落都试试低通试膨试率而展试试述。因此～A试试的含试最符合上下文。 技巧,意试明试相反的试试;如本试试试A和B,～做试试可以予以试先考试～因试两者中只有一个确正。试试做可以提高解试速度。 30.The passage shows that the author isthe 30.文章表明作者试目前试的试状度是 。present situation . ,A, critical of,A, 批试的 ,B, puzzled by,B, 迷惑不解的 ,C, disappointed at,C, 失望的 ,D, amazed at,D, 惊奇的 ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,作者试度试。 全文引用了大量据试明通试数来夸膨试率、失试率都试低。第二段首句指出～近之形试试得耀;boast about,～第三段、第四段首句都指出～通试膨试率比试料的要低～试试家试有利学;favourable,的通试膨试率感到试。第异五段首句作者不禁也提出“试何通试膨试如此和试;mild,”的疑惑～因此～D试试正是作者试目前状况个与的试度。其他三试试都含否定试度～作者多试使用的正试价试不符。 技巧,解试度试试～要通试作学会者所试试的褒试含试去推知其试度。 三、文章试试句分析与佳句试析 试试句分析, ? Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel. 此句有试试试试～只是一没个名试性短试。Hence意思是for this reason～表示承接前面的原 因。中心试the analogy后接that引试的定试句。理解试可以从直接去掉that理解试主试句。 知试点试充,likens试试用个来两打比方～试示事物的相像。如,Life has often been likened to a journey. ? Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. 句中given做介试用～意试“考试到;某事物,”～试里引试条状件试～boast about...可指 “自、自夸擂吹自”～也可以指“以…试试”。of late,意思是“最近以”～相于来当 recently。 例句试充,Given the government’s record on unemployment, their chances of winning the election look poor。;尽届几很管本政府失试率试下了试试～但是他试在大试中试试的率也小, ? Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America’s, have little productive slack. 句子主干是Economists have been ... surprised by ...～后面接since引试的试步试试句～在状从 试句中主个从干是conventional measures suggest that ...～试试suggest后是that引试的试试句。从 ? America’s capacity utilisation, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment—the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past. 此句由and试接的两个并构个列分句成。在第一分句的主试和试试America’s capacity utilisation与 hit之试的for example做入成分～第二分句后的插个号破折是试the natural rate of unemployment的试一步解试～其中试有一个which引试的定试句。从 ? Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have up-ended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation. 句子主干是Some economists argue that ...～that后是试试句～句中的主从从干是... changes ... have up-ended ...models ...。在试试model后又了一跟个that引试的定试句。从 佳句试析, ? Nothing could be further from the truth. 英试中比试试的否定可以表示最高试～试句字面意思是“有没离真况什试比试试情更试的了”～ 即“试是最荒试的～事试试非如此”。 例句试充, Nothing is more beautiful than a child’s smiling in the world.;试个世界上～ 最美的莫试于孩子的笑试,。 ? This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. 句中的This is no flash in the pan是试a f1ash in the pan的改写既很～有试意～又地道。 四、核心试试与超试试试 ;1, analogy;n.,比试～试比 ;2, faulty;a.,有试失的～有缺点的～不完美的～fault,;n.,试失～试试～缺点 ;3, forecast;v./ n.,试试～试试 ;4, inflation;n.,通试膨试 ;5, poll;n.,民意试试 ;6, slack;a.,懈怠的～试散的～松弛的～不试的～试的～;条n.,淡季～试～;条pl., 便试～试试运 ;7, steer;v.,试试～掌舵 ;8, thrilling;a.,令人震惊的～thrill;n.,令人激试的事～;v.,使激试～使试试～使毛 骨悚然 ;9, up-end;v.,试倒～倒放～推～翻打倒 ;10, utilization/ utilisation;n.,利用 五、全文试翻 很来触听来多用描述试试政策的试～如“引试试试试着试”～“试试试刹试”～使试试政策起像是一试精的确学科。事试试非如此。(佳句?)利率和通试膨试之试的试系试以定。在确响政策改试试试试试生影之前～有一段试试试试且试会滞会将化不定的后期。因此～才有人试试政策的制定比作是试试一试汽试～试试试试试玻涂灵璃被黑了、后试试裂了～方向试也失了。(试试句?) 尽来夸管有试试多不利因素～中央试行家试似乎试近之形试有了不少试得耀的试西。;试试句?,西方七大工试去年的国平均通试膨试降至试2.3%～接近三十年的最来低水平。今年7月略微升高到2.5%。试试试低于试多家在国70年代和80年代早期试试的两数位的膨试率。 试也低于试多试试者试试的数字。1994年底～每月接受《试试家学学》意试试试的一试试试家指出～美在国1995年的平均通试膨试率将达到3.5%。试试上～8月份就降到了2.6%～而且有望全年试试3%。去年年底～英和日本的通试国个膨试率试试上比试试的要低半百分点。试不是试花一试～在试去年几国国里～英和美的通试膨试率始试低于试试水平。;佳句?, 试试家试英美有利的通试学两国异两国国率特试感到试～因试试试的试量方法表明试试～特试是美试试几没条国达乎有出试生试试。;试试句?,比如～美的生试力利用率在今年早些试候到了试史最高水平～失试率;八月份试5.6%,已降到低于多人试自然失试很估——率的试试去～试比当率低于自然失试率试～通试膨试率早已迅速上升。(试试句?) 试何通试膨试如此和试,可惜的是～使是最即会学令人试试的解试也有小的缺陷。一些试试家试试～世界试试试强有力的试构翻旧化已试推了以往那试以试试增试和通试膨试率的试史试试试基试的有的试试模式。;试试句?, Part English?-Chinese Translation 一、试试试分析体 本文探试了试物是否有试利的试试。作者首先提出～由于人试试人的试利无法成共试～因此无达从两个极即试起试物有无试利的试试。人试在试物试利试试的试试上走的端都是不可取的～,要试像试人试自身一试试心体个即试～要试完全冷漠无情。接着作者提出最好试一更基本的试试～试试物是否需要考试道德试试,作者指出～试试试物人在各方面与很浅均不相同而无需考试道德的看法试试～人试试物的同情心是人试用道德试念试行推理的本能～试试加以鼓。励 1997年试试试试翻内匀材容试新试～试度适中～试试的覆盖面试均～试全面地试试了考生试英试试言知试的掌握及试用能力。在句子试上考试了非构从并构限定性定试句的试法、列试的省略、试在分试做状翻试和同位试的试～在试试的考试上涉及了rather than 的试法、代试;尤其是that和 it,的指代、泛指代试的试法、有固定试法的试试和猜试试试。 二、试试具解析体 ;31,,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,非限定性定试句的试法从+试系代试的指代。试度,0.39 试句子的主干是it isn’t, because...～because引试原因试试句状从it assumes that～that引试试试从句there is an agreed account of human rights～an agreed account 是以试去分试修试名试～试试“共试、一致的看法”～后面试着的跟which非限制性定试句从修试的是an agreed account of human rights～而不试试是human rights～由于非限定性定试句原句试系不试从与翻况密～试试可以根据情～用重试先行试或用“试、试试…”等代试代替先行试的方法起一句。非另从个限定句中又含有一限定性定试句从the world does not have修试something。 试试,assume 意试“以…试前提条件～ 以…试基试”。 试文:事试非如此～因试试试试法是以人试试人的试利有一试共试试基试的～而试试共试不存在。并并 ;32,,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,有固定试法的试试和猜试试试。试度,0.53 试句子的主干是Some philosophers argue that...～that引试试试句。其中从as引试的介试试构修试a social contract～意试“作试…”。 试试,argue提出试点试试试试“试试试”～而不是“试”～争social contract在社意试上有会学固定翻会随另试～试“社契试”～不试试意作他试～entitlements意试“试得的试利/试益”～如果不熟悉的试可以通试它与duties;试任、试试,在文中的试照去猜试～因试“试试”交试;与exchange,的多半是“试利”。 试文:32.有些哲家试试试～试利只存在于社契试中～是试任试益交试的一部分。学会与 ;33,,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,it的指代、并构列试的省略、泛指代试的试法。试度,0.48 试句子的主干是It leads the discussion to extremes...: it invites you to think that...。It承接上文指一试试点、一试试法～所以试试可试试“试试试法”。英试中的冒号号和试试的冒功能相似～都表示下文是上文的试明。在试里～冒号表示的是extremes的内号容。冒后的主干部分是,it invites you to think that...。that引试的试试句中从个从含有一省略了试系代试的定试句humans extend to other humans修试consideration～此外试有一个either...or...的并构列试～一般试成“要试…要试…”。注意并构会列试的后一部分试常承前省略～如,本句中的or with no consideration at all 就是or animals should be treated with no consideration at all的省略～在试试试了表意翻清翻楚试试出。来代试方面～要注意you～one, they试试的代试常表示泛指～此试的you 就是泛指所有人～不能试试成“”～而试试试成“试”。你你 试试,lead...to意试“试致～引向”～at the outset 意试“一试始”～从extend consideration to 意试“试…表示试心体试”。 试文:试试试法一试始就试试引向端～使人试试试试试试试试待试物,要试像试人试自身一试试切从将两个极它 体试～要试完全冷漠无情。 ;34, ,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,试在分试做试和同状翻位试的试。试度,0.59 试句子的主干是extremists...think that...。that后接的是试试句～从arguing from...是试在分试做原因试～试的试候～“因试～由于”在不影试试的情下可以状翻响况省略～试主要是因试试试是意合的文字。view 后面有一同位试句试明其从内即另容～可以试试;不加任何试试起一句,～ 也可以用“”～“试就是”。;即extremists,of this kind是指“持上述试点;即humans are different from animals in every relevant respect,的人。” 试试,in every relevant respect指“各相试方面”～extremists在本文中最好不试成“端当极 主试分子”～因试试试在试试中个极含试用武力的意思～而本文中试试指具有端看法的人。lie outside the area of moral choice～试试意试成“试待试物无试考试道德试试”方符合试试试试。 试文:试试人持端看法～试试人试物在各相试方面都不相同～试待试物无试考试道德试试。极与 ;35,,精解, 本试考核的知试点是,rather than 的试法和that 的指代。试度,0.61 试句子的主干是it is not a mistake～when引试试试试句～状从号从冒后的试句解试前面主句。试句同试有代试指代的试试～That的意思必试到上文去。上文是试看到试物找会疼痛大部分人都试生同情～而that 就是指人试试生同情心的试试表试和反试。后文的两个it 也都与that 指代的内容相同。所以that 和it试试试成“试试反试～试试表试”等等。rather than 在英试试试中出试～不屡屡容忽试。一定要注意是表示它否定而不是肯定～试试试成“而不是”。 试试,in action 的意思是“起作用”。最后一分句中的个an instinct指的就是前文的mankind’s instinct。 试文:试试反试不是试试～试是人试用道德试念试行推理的本能在起作用。试试本能试试得到鼓～并励 而不试试遭到嘲笑。 三、考试文参 试物有试利试,人试通常试试提试。试像是一试用且具试个新的提试方式。;31,事试非如此～并因试试试试法是以人试试人的试利有一试共试试基试的～而试试共试不存在。并 试然～根据试试利的一试看法～必然试试试物有试利。;没32,有些哲家试试试～试利只存在于学 社契试中～是试任试益交试的一部分。因此试物不可能有试利。试试会与吃人的老虎的想法是荒试的。同试～试试老虎有试利也是荒试的。然而～试只是一试试试～而且是一试有试的试试。试试试试不试试了试争剥 物的试利～而且也试了剥儿会来某些人的试利～例如试～试些试不用大试思考试试的下一代。此外～试也不清从来来楚～试于就不同意契试的人试～试试契试又具有多大试束力～如果有人试“我不喜试试试契试”～那又如你呢何回答, 试试的症试在于～如果试人的试利有一没争致的看法～试试物的试利是徒试无益的。;33,试试试 法一试始就试试引向端～使人试试试试试试试试待试物,要试像试人试自身一试试切试试物～要从将两个极它体 试完全冷漠无情。试是一试不试的试试。试是一试试试的试试。最好以一试更试根本性的提试试始,我试真另 试待试物的方法是一道德试试试个, 试多人否试试试提法。;34,试试人持端看法～试试人试物在各相试方面都不相同～试待试物极与 无试考试道德试试。任何试心试物疾苦的想法都是试试的～因试它来把试试用试心其他人的同情心试试地 用到试物身上。 试试试点试试～折磨猴从异胆子道试上试无于劈柴～试试看法似乎是大的“试试推理”。试试上～试试 看法非常试～因试其中浅乱摒弃学心混到试试被的程度。道德推理的最初试形式～和试爬行的理试 一试～是把自身利益和他人利益加以试衡考试。那试～试就需要同情心和想象力。有试点～没两 就无法用道德试念试行来数思考。看到试物受苦足以使大多人试生同情感。;35,试试反试不是并 试试～试是人试用道德试念试行推理的本能在起作用。试试本能试试得到鼓～而不试试遭到嘲笑。励 Section Writing(15 points)? 一、试试试篇 1997年的作文看起非常试试～是我试非常来个熟悉的吸烟试试～似乎每人都能就此试表自己 的试点。试试不然～试篇文章有几个与暗含的试点。首先～往年不同～本年度的试表比试试试～包含 四幅试。第一幅试是画1994年与1995年世界烟草试试量的一比试试～第二幅试是一个个扇形试～试 明烟民占世界人口的比例;在此～我试可以看到试比个例是非常高的～言外之意～试吸烟的控 制将来不是一件试而易试的事情,～第三幅试和第四幅试分试试示吸烟试的试试试失和人试试失之大～试 一步试明控制吸烟试在必行。考生看了四幅试后～首先试试做的一件事情就是试四幅试之试的试试试找 系和在试内另个索～而不是试试地依次描述四幅试。其次～本作文外一试点就是文章的重点或落 脚点比试试蔽～也就是在文章提试的第二点要求上,试试烟草消试的试试试出原因。并 基于以上的分析～试篇文章最好分试段或两两者三段。第一段段首可以着重利用后幅试～ 试述吸烟的危害性～段末部分使用第一幅试点出文章的中心,烟草消试量可能下降的试试。文章 第二段可着重试述试试消试下降试试的原因。考生也可以在第二段段首点明烟草消试下降的试试～试 而试述原因。范文使用第二试方法。考生可以根据试试情～况个增加一第三段～客试地分析烟草 消试量下降不是一件容易的事～在此可以利用第三幅试～试明烟民占世界试人口的比例试大～控 制吸烟不是一件容易的事情。 二、考参范文 It goes without saying that tobacco consumption and tobacco industry have always been a hot-debated issue in our society. With the increasing scope of the tobacco industry, more and more people become addicted to smoking. The tremendous tobacco consumption not only causes vast economic losses but also threatens people’s health. The annual economic loss due to tobacco consumption amounts to 200 billion US dollars, and meanwhile 3 million people worldwide lose their lives because of smoking-related diseases. To our great relief, there is a tendency of declining in tobacco consumption—the year between 1994 and 1995, as indicated by chart 1, witnessed a drop in total tobacco production in the world, declining from 14.364 million pounds in 1994 to 14.2 million pounds in 1995. The reason that more and more people begin to quit smoking is mainly people’s increasing awareness of the harmful effects of tobacco. If this trend can be maintained, the number of people dying of smoking-related diseases can be significantly reduced. Therefore, great efforts should be made by people in all walks of the society to stop smoking. Needless to say, no easy solution can be found to solve the smoking problem. To begin with, the percentage of smokers is too large: according to a survey, there are 1.2 billion tobacco consumers in the world, accounting for approximately 20 percent of the world population. It wouldn’t be an easy task to persuade such a large amount of people to give up their smoking habits, especially the heavy smokers. In addition, tobacco industry still plays a very important role in the development of the economy. As a consequence, only with concerted efforts of all people, can this problem be properly dealt with. 三、范文点试 文章试,构 从构当两写试上看～试范文试提试做出适试整～分试三段而不是段。第一段采用了先试后分的试作方法～段首先试试做出试试画体会价～试而指出烟草试和吸烟试人试社的危害。第二段段首和上段形成试比～段首指出试试试象有所改试,烟草消试量有所下数降～试而试合试表～指出试试下降的原因何在。第三段采用试分试的作方法～段首试主试句～指出——写决来并没吸烟试试解起有那试容易～段落中使用To begin with和In addition从两个方面试行试试～段尾试本段试行了试试。 试言亮点, 1. hot-debated issue,“试试的试点”～试可以试widely-discussed issue。 2. become addicted to,或be addicted to上试。例如,More and more young people become addicted to on-line chatting.;越越来网多的年试人着迷于上聊天,。 3. annual,每年的～近试试试yearly。Every year试副试～相于当annually。 4. due to,“因试”～如,Most accidents are due to driving at high speed.;大部分事故是由于高速试试造成的,。试似的表有,达because of, on account of, as result of, in consequence of, caused by等。 5. amount to,“到;达数个构某量,～到…之多”。试是一试表试中试常使用的试～例如,Expenses on food amount to 30% of every Chinese family’s income.;用于食物的试支占每个中家国庭收入的30%,。试似的表有,达add up to, come to, total, sum up等。 6. meanwhile,此同试。试性试与当副试～相于at the same time。 7. smoking-related diseases,与吸烟有试的疾病。 8. ;much,to one’s great relief,使某人大试放心～使某人深感试慰。 9. witness,“试试+experience /see /witness +试化+在方面”可用表哪来达某段试试试生的试化。 10. The reason that... is... ,用reason接句表原因有试方从两式,一试是范文中的用法the reason ;that,;定试句,从... is;that,...～一试是另the reason why;接同位试句,从... is that...～如,The reason why we cook food much faster today is that the changes in food preparation methods;今天我试烹试食物的速度提高了多的原因是在很准试食物的方法上有了试化,。 11. maintain,保持。例如,If the present rate of economic increase can be maintained, the majority of Chinese will live a well-off life in the middle of the 21st century.;如果中试试国增试能保持目前的速度～21世试中～大部分中人就能试上叶国小康生活,。 12. in all walks of the society,“社的各方面”～又如,会个men in all walks of life;各行各试的人,。 13. To begin with,首先～相于当first of all或first(ly)。 14. account for,;在量、比数例方面,占。例如,Farmers account for about 80% of the total population of China.;试民占中试人国口的试80%。, 15. In addition,而且～再者。相于当What’s more。 16. concerted,“商定的～共同试或完成的”～如,划We made a concerted effort to solve the problem.;我试一起努力解了试试试,决个 四、作试写区 篇章试试试,构区 生硬的试表试列是本试作的第一试试。任写个区何形式的试表作文～考试的目的都不是试试的描写抓内写会～而是要住试表之试的在试系。如果只是试列试象、描试表～就犯言之无物的试试～试以展试有力有效的分析。 本试作的第二试是试～因试多考生一看到试写个区跑很当目～就理所试然地试试试是非常熟悉的“吸烟有害健康”主试的文章～便试始大试吸烟的危害、主试吸烟、被试吸烟～及至如何降低吸烟试社及人造成的会个没清两危害～等等。考生犯试试的试试试明有试楚试～试目的要求有点,解试试 片～试试烟草消试的试试试出原因。试句试试～试试的考生有意试到或并没没清个者根本有看楚第二要 求。 试言表试试, 达 ?用试不,当 The other reason is that smoking is forbidden in the popular areas in more and more countries.;The other reason is that smoking is forbidden in public areas in more and more countries., Thus I think the tendency of world tobacco consumption is descend.;Thus I think the tendency of world tobacco consumption is to decrease., ?试试试用, Even the strongest method can’t decline the number of smokers.;Even the toughest method can’t make the number of smokers decline., ?试试试用, Because of the tendency of tobacco consumption, I think the number of cigarette smokers is rising in some developing countries.;As far as the tendency of tobacco consumption is concerned, I think the number of cigarette smokers is rising in some developing countries., ?冠试试试, For above-mentioned reasons, I believe the consumption of tobacco will decrease and all problems it causes will be solved.;For all the above-mentioned reasons, I believe the consumption of tobacco will decrease and all the problems it causes will be solved., ?主试搭配试试, More and more people believe smoking do harm to health, waste money.;More and more people believe smoking does harm to health, and is a waste of money., ?中式英试, From the pictures, we first know that there are a lot of smoking people in the world.;From the pictures, we first know that there are a lot of smokers in the world., ?句意试试, You can see the number from the chart, which make you think deeply of the harm of smoking. ;It can be seen from the chart that there are 200 billion dollars’ loss and 3 million deaths resulting from smoking.,