无公害食品、有机食品慨念及认证（The pollution-free food and organic food concept and certification）

无公害食品、有机食品慨念及认证（The pollution-free food and organic food concept and certification） 无公害食品、有机食品慨念及认证(The pollution-free food and organic food concept and certification) Pollution-free food The pollution-free food standards mainly include the pollution-free food industry standards and the national standards for the safety quality of agricultural products, while the two are promulgated simultaneously. The standard for pollution-free food industry is formulated by the Ministry of agriculture, which is the main basis for the certification of pollution-free agricultural products. The national standards for the safety and quality of agricultural products are formulated by the State Administration of quality supervision and inspection and quarantine. First, pollution-free food industry standards Establishing and improving the standard system of pollution-free food is an important part of promoting the plan of action on pollution-free food, and is also a prerequisite for the development and management of pollution-free food. In 2001, the Ministry of agriculture formulated and promulgated 73 pollution-free food standards. In 2002, 126 items were formulated and 11 items of pollution-free food standards were revised. In 2004, 112 pollution-free standards were formulated. The pollution-free food standard includes environmental standards, product quality standards, production specifications and inspection methods, standards related to more than 120 (class) for most of the varieties of agricultural products, vegetables and fruits, tea, meat, eggs, milk, fish, etc. the relationship between urban and rural residents of the daily life of "food basket" products. The pollution-free food standard in quality control as the core, mainly includes three aspects of environmental quality standards, technical standards and product standards, the framework of pollution-free food standard mainly refers to the standard of green food and make. 1. environmental quality standards for pollution-free food producing areas The production of pollution-free food is firstly restricted by the quality of regional environment, that is to say, only the good quality and safe pollution-free food can be produced only in the good agricultural production area with good ecological environment. Therefore, pollution-free food production environmental quality standards of the origin of air, irrigation water quality, water quality, fisheries, livestock and poultry breeding water and soil indicators and concentration limits stipulated, one is the emphasis on pollution-free food must be produced from a good ecological environment area, in order to ensure the safety of pollution-free, pollution-free food products the two is to promote the protection and improvement of environment pollution free food production. The main difference between the pollution-free food production and environmental quality standard of green food production environment quality standard is: pollution-free food of different varieties of the same type of products made of different environmental standards, and between these environmental standards without or with a very small difference, the main reference index of environmental quality standards for green food production; green food is formulated a general environmental standard of the same type of products, more maneuverability. 2., pollution-free food production technology standards Control of pollution-free food production process is the key link of pollution-free food quality control, operation procedure of non polluted food production technology according to the types of crops, livestock and poultry species and different regional agricultural production characteristics were formulated and used to guide the pollution-free food production activities, standardize pollution-free food production, including agricultural products planting, livestock and poultry aquaculture and food processing technology procedures. Units or individuals engaged in the production of pollution-free agricultural products shall use agricultural inputs strictly in accordance with the regulations. Prohibit the use of state banned, eliminated agricultural inputs. The main difference between the production technology standard of food pollution and green food production technology standard is: production technology standard of food pollution is the main technical regulations for pollution-free production of food standards, only some of the products are means of production standards, the production technology regulation standard in product certification is only for reference, because of extensive pollution-free food decisions without production of technical standards of food pollution to keep in place. The standard of green food production technology includes two parts of green food production guidelines for the use and production of green food technical regulations, which is the core standard of green food, green food certification and management focus adhere to place standard of green food production technology, is the only standard of green food production technology is in place to ensure the quality of green food. 3., pollution-free food product standards The standard of pollution-free food products is the index scale to measure the end product quality of pollution-free food. Although it is the same as ordinary food and other provisions of the national standard, the appearance quality and quality of health food content, but its health index is higher than the national standard, highlighting the safety index, making is closely combined with the current actual safety index. The standards of pollution-free food products reflect the level of production, management and control of pollution-free food, and highlight the characteristics of pollution-free food, pollution-free and food safety. The main difference between the pollution-free food product standards and the green food product standards is that the hygiene indexes of the two are very different, and the hygienic indexes of the green food products are obviously stricter than the hygienic indexes of the pollution-free food products. For example: the cucumber cucumber pollution-free food health index 11, green food health index of cucumber 18; pollution-free food hygiene requirements of cucumber dichlorvos is no more than 0.2 mg/kg, the green food hygiene requirements of less than 0.1 mg/kg of dichlorvos in cucumber. In addition, green vegetables, vegetables also specified the specific requirements of sensory and nutritional indicators, and pollution-free vegetables do not have. Green food has the general principle of packaging, no pollution-free food. In accordance with the provisions of the state laws and regulations and the extent to which food affects human health and the environment, the standards and standards of environmental standards for pollution-free foods are mandatory standards, and technical standards for production are recommended standards. Two. National standards for agricultural products safety and quality In order to improve the food safety of vegetables and fruits, to ensure the quality of products, the protection of human health, the development of pollution-free agricultural products, promote the sustainable development of agriculture and rural economy, the State General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine formulated the safety and quality of agricultural products GB18406 and GB/T18407, to provide environmental pollution-free agricultural products and product quality standard. The safety quality of agricultural products is divided into two parts, the environmental requirements of pollution-free agricultural products and the safety requirements of pollution-free agricultural products. (1) environmental requirements of non polluting agricultural products producing areas; "Agricultural products safety quality" origin environmental requirements GB/T18407-2001 is divided into the following four parts: 1., "agricultural products safety quality pollution-free vegetable habitat environment requirements" (GB/T18407.1-2001) The standard of pollution-free vegetable production, water, air, soil and other environmental conditions in accordance with the relevant requirements of the current national standards, combined with the actual production of pollution-free vegetables to make provisions, provide the basis for the quality of the environment pollution-free vegetable production choice. 2., "agricultural products safety quality pollution-free fruit Habitat Environmental requirements" (GB/T18407.2-2001) The standard of pollution-free fruit production of water, air, soil and other environmental conditions in accordance with the relevant requirements of the current national standards, combined with the actual production of green fruit to make provisions, provide the basis for the quality of the environment pollution-free fruit production choice. 3., "agricultural products safety quality pollution-free livestock and poultry production environment requirements" (GB/T18407.3-2001) The effect of the production of livestock and poultry farms, slaughter and livestock products processing plant siting and production facilities, livestock drinking water, air quality, air environment quality of livestock and poultry farms and processing plant water quality indicators and the corresponding test methods, epidemic prevention and disinfection measures according to the relevant requirements according to current standards, combined with the actual no livestock and poultry production to make provisions. In order to promote the improvement of the quality of our livestock and poultry products, enhance product safety and quality management, standardize the market, promote the development of trade in agricultural products, protecting the health of the people, maintain the producers and operators of the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. 4., "agricultural products safety quality, pollution-free aquatic products, environmental requirements" (GB/T18407.4-2001) The standard test method for effect of water production farms, www.exianrou.com water and sediment indicators and the corresponding requirements in accordance with the relevant standards, combined with the actual production of pollution-free water make provisions. So as to standardize the production environment of pollution-free aquatic products in China, ensure the normal growth of aquatic products and the safety and quality of aquatic products, and promote the production of pollution-free aquatic products in china. (two) safety requirements of pollution-free agricultural products "Agricultural product safety quality" product safety requirements GB18406-2001 is divided into the following four parts: 1. safety requirements for safety and quality of agricultural products pollution-free vegetables (GB18406.1-2001) The standard requirements for pollution-free vegetables, nitrate and nitrite in heavy metals and pesticide residues are given and test methods, these limited requirements and test methods for the current national standards, pesticide also carried out throughout the supervision and management of pesticide residues and the development of a simple measurement method is given to the principle of disability allowance, aimed at promoting pesticide residues with the perfection of the simple method for the determination of exploration. 2.. Safety requirements for agricultural products safety and pollution-free fruits (GB18406.2-2001) This standard gives the limit requirement and test method of heavy metal, nitrate, nitrite and pesticide residue in non polluted fruits, and these limit requirements and test methods adopt the current national standard. 3. safety requirements for agricultural products safety, quality and safety of livestock and poultry (GB18406.3-2001) The standard requirements for poultry products in heavy metals, nitrite, pesticide and veterinary drug residue are given and test methods and requirements for livestock and poultry meat products of microbial indicators are given, these toxic and harmful substances requirements, microbiological indicators and test methods adopted by the current national standards and industry standards. 4. safety requirements for agricultural products safety, quality and pollution-free aquatic products (GB18406.4-2001) This standard demands the sensory, freshness and microbiological indexes of non polluted aquatic products, and gives the corresponding test methods, These requirements and test methods adopted the existing national standards and related industry standards. Habitat Environmental Standards (catalogue and abstract) organic food The COFCC logo uses both hand and blade as the creative elements. We can feel the two scenes: one is holding up a hand with a leaf, meaning of human desire for nature and life; the second is two hands and hold together, the green leaves into the natural hand, meaning the survival of mankind cannot do without the care of nature, harmonious relationship the survival of man and nature. Put forward the concept of organic food is the practical application of this concept, human food from nature, human activities should respect the law of nature, so as to create a good development space. The sign is round, representing the earth, bringing up all living things, including human beings, maintaining the ecological balance and living environment, and caring for the earth. The middle blank is the deformed "O" and "F", that is, the abbreviation of organic food English organic food Authentication procedure 1 Applications 1) the applicant to apply for, fill in organic food preservation Certification Questionnaire and organic food retention certification written data list and other documents. 2) the applicant shall, in accordance with the requirements of organic food production technology standards, improve the quality management system, technical measures and quality information tracking and processing system of the quality assurance system. 2 inspection plan 1) the documents required by the applicant to fill out the organic food preservation Certification Questionnaire and organic food preservation certification written data list 2) the Certification Center shall formulate the inspection plan and calculate the certification fees according to the project conditions 3) the certification center sends notice of acceptance to the enterprise 3 site inspection and evaluation 1) the certification centre sends qualified inspectors. 2) according to the inspector "organic food production technology standards" requirements, the applicant's quality management system, production process control system, the tracking system and producing area, production, processing, storage, transportation, trade and other on-site inspection and evaluation, especially the applicant for a year to complete the certification rectification requirements of the implementation of check. 3) when necessary, the inspector shall take samples of soil and products, and shall be sealed by the inspector and the applicant, and the samples shall be sent to the designated quality inspection organization for inspection. 4 write inspection reports 1) after the inspector has completed the inspection, the inspection report shall be prepared according to the requirements of the certification center. 2) the inspector copies the inspection report to the certification center within two weeks after the completion of the inspection. 5 comprehensive review evaluation opinions 1) according to the certification center provided by the applicant to maintain certification questionnaire and other related materials and inspectors of the inspection report and sample inspection report comprehensive review of assessment, system certification assessment form. 2) put forward the evaluation opinions and report to the committee. The Certification Committee Resolution 6 The certification committee holds regular Certification Committee meeting, inspectors maintain certification questionnaire, the applicant inspection reports and Certification Center assessment and other materials to conduct a comprehensive review, agreed to make conditional certification, organic certification, certification or certification decision to convert. The certificate is valid for one year. The certification committee members and if the applicant has a direct or indirect economic interests, should be avoided. 1) agreed to certification. The content of the application meets the organic food standard and the organic food certificate is issued. 2) conditional certification. The content of the application meets the requirements of organic food standards, but some aspects need to be improved, and organic food certificates can be issued after the applicant's written commitment has been improved as required. 3) the conversion of organic certification. The applicant's base will enter the conversion period for more than one year, and shall continue to implement the organic conversion plan and issue an organic conversion base certificate. Products harvested from organic conversion sites are processed in organic ways and can be sold as organic conversion products, i.e., organic food for the transition period. 4) refused certification. Keep the certification period seriously violates the requirements for organic food standards, certification committee refused certification, and explain the reasons. 7 the use of organic food labels In accordance with the requirements of the certificate and the rules for the administration of the use of organic food marks, the contract for the use of organic food marks is signed and the procedures for the use of organic food trademarks are carried out.