高中英语：必修一unit2 课本、教材（人教版）

高中英语：必修一unit2 课本、 教材 民兵爆破地雷教材pdf初中剪纸校本课程教材衍纸校本课程教材排球校本教材中国舞蹈家协会第四版四级教材 （人教版） Unit 2 English around the world J_Doyou know that there is more than one kind of English? In some important ways they are very different from one another. They are called world Englishes. Look at these examples. Can you understand the different kinds of English these people are using? 2 Guess which of the following words is British English and which is American English. elevator / lift in a team / on a team rubber/ eraser petrol / gas ; With your partner, list the countries that use English as an official language. : Which country do you think has the most English learners? 3 Look at the title of the following passage and guess what it is about* Then read it quickly and see if you are right. ~^ THE ROAD TO MODERN ENQUSH At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of 1 them lived in England Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other pans of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries* Today, more people speak English as their first second or a foreign language than ever before. 9 Unit 2 Engli&h ground the wodd Native English speakers can understand each odier even if they don't speak the same kind of * English* Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes* I'd like to come up to your apartment. So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other At first the English spoken in England between ia about AD 450 and J150 was very different from the English spoken today- It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French- These new seulers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 15 some British settlers moved to America, Later in the 18th century some British people were Liken to Australia too. English began to bespoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language. The latter gave a separate Identity 20 to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa* Today the 2* number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell. 1 Read the passage carefully and decide whether the statements are true or false and explain why. 1 English had the most speakers in the 17th century. 2 English developed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain. 3 Languages frequently change* 4 The language of die government is always the language of the country. 5 English is one of the official languages used in India. 6 This reading describes the development of the English language. 2 Make a timeline of the development of English, using the passage to help you. • During tite 5th century AD: English was based more on German. • Between about AD SOO and 1150: • ... 3 In pairs discuss these questions* 1 Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English? 2 Why do you think more people in the world now want to learn Chinese? TVue False ? ? ? ? 10 Unit 2 Engl&h around the world Discovering useful words and expressions Match the new words and expressions with their meanings. who or what somebody or something is a word for gas in British English not sudden in fact the second of two things or people already mentioned often long trip by sea or in space able to speak or write a language well 1 petrol A 2 voyage 1) 3 gradually c 4 frequently D 5 identity i: 6 the latter i " actually G 8 fluent il 2 Complete this passage with the words from the Warming up and Reading. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as as a English speaker. One reason is that English has a large - It also has different usage in different English speaking countries. If you use "flat** instead of " ". people in America will know you 44have learned British English. If you use the word _ _" instead of "lift" in Britain, people will know you have studied American English. 3 Add these phrases to the rhyme so that it makes sense. 'Will you euch a* make uee of becauee of come up at present __10 my flat?' asked the spider to the fly. **_ it's so pleasant to look down from so high. the clear sky it's possible to see Buildings theatres and hotels by the sea. So won*t you please this chance to look?" The fly agreed immediately without a second thought. But as soon as she went up with a step so light that day, The spider caught and ate her and she was never seen again! Then read the rhyme aloud and mark the sense groups. 4 Sometimes British and American people use different prepositions for the same idea. Choose a pair of prepositions. Then compare them. at / on paet / after In / on from / than 1 There are so many people 2 They are going to have a party ihe street. ______ihe weekend. We will leave for the airport at a quarter five. 4 His brother is the most famous football team in England. As we know. British English is a little different 6 Are there many children playing the playground? Do you know which usage is British English and which is American? Discuss in pairs and then in class. American English. 11 Unit 2 EfUjl&h ground ths world Discovering useful structures ^jCan you find the following command and request from Reading? Let's see how to retell them in indirect speech, EXAMPLES: "Look at this example/' the teacher saitliQus. < The teacher lofd us to look at thai example* " Would you like to see my flat?" she asked-Sh& G$ke John said to his classmate: "Can I borrow your pen please?" 6 The teacher said to his student: "Come up to my office!" 4 Make some dialogues using commands and requests and retell them in indirect speech. I A bear is moving towards a boy. What do you say to the boy to make sure that he is not hurt? _ An English teacher is telling her students what they mua do for homework. A student cannot hear the teacher very clearly. What should he say to his classmate to find out what to do? Think of more situations for your conversations. 12 Unit 2 Engl&h around the world Reading ^^ Read the passage and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph. STANDARD ENQLISH AND DIALECTS What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or noi. there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the eariy days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. When people use words and expressions different from the "standard language", it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects* Even in some parts of the USA. two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently. American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in making dialects- Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took Uicir dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other's dialects. The Chinese language also has many dialects. Work in pairs and make a list of the ones you and your partner have heard, ^Read these dialogues. Mark the sentence stress and intonation. Then practise reading them in pairs. Find the British and American words which are different but have the same meaning, 1 LITTLE GIRL: STORE OWNER: LITTLE GIRL: BRITISH HOY; Hu I'd like some sweets, please. No problem. AII the candy we sell is street. I see. so you sell sneet streets. Sltall *? move the nw bed by lorry ? AMERICAN GIRL: Not by me, I hope, BRITISH BOY: Olu I'm sorry, Lori, I meant by truck. 3 BRITISH BOY: What a lovely autumn day! AMERICAN LADY: Yes, its a nice fall day. isn 1 it? 13 Unit 2 EfUjl&h ground ths world Listening ?f 1 Before you listen, look at the picture below and read the exercises. In doing so. you can get some idea about the listening and predict the content Discuss your ideas with your partner. 2 Imagine that you are in Houston, Texas, a city in the American South. This is an example of the local dialect. Listen and read through the text and take note ol the ncccntand intonation. Hey. y'all, this here is Buford. I come from a big oil town in Texas* Now, y'all need to understand that we ain't really a state, but a whole 'nother country- Now let me tell ya a story 'bout when 1 was jusi a pup. One hot summer's day I was swimmin' with my cousins Little Lester and Big Billy Rob. We wasjumpin* in the water and feelin' good. Then along comes this catfish 'bout the size of a house. Well, alright, maybe a little smaller than that- Little Lester starts to thinkin' it's goin' to eat him sure 'nough. Man, you shoulda seen him! He got outta the water fast as lightning and climbed up a tree- Big Billy Bob and I just laughed and laughed. To this day, Lester won't go near that place. *'. ?. • ^ r- Listen again and put these sentences in the right sequence. Lester climbed a tree. Buford, Billy Bob and Lester went swimming. Lester thought the catfish would eat him. Buford and Billy Bob laughed, [.ester saw a catfish. ______Now Lester is too afraid to visit the place. 4 Answer the following questions after listening. ] What does Buford think of Texas? How do you know? 2 How large was the catfish? Why did Lester get out of the water so quickly? 4 Why did Buford and Big Billy Bob laugh? 14 Unit 2 English ground ths world Reading and speaking J_Amy and her American friends are visiting London. They plan to visit Amy's aunt and decide to go there by underground but cannot find the t nearest underground station. So she asks directions and then tells her friends. Read the dialogue and circle the words that mean the same. AMY: Excuse me. ma ton. Could you please tell me where lite nearest subway is? LADY: Er... the underground? Well, go round the corner on your lefl-liandside, straight on and cross two streets* It II be on your right-hand side* AMY: Thanks so much. FRIENDS: What did she say. Amy? AMY; She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks. The stdnvay will be on our right 2 Work in pairs* Choose one of the situations and make a dialogue* Use Pardon? I beg your pardon? I don't undcrvzand* How do you ?pell That? the following expressions to help you. Pay attention to the intonation you Could you &ay that aqMn ylcaoc? Could you ^psak more elowly use while talking. p\caoc? Sony, I can't follow youl Could you repeat that please? 1 You and your friend are American, You have arrived in a strange city in England to watch a football match. You need to find a cabAaxi to take you to the football ground. 2 You and your friend are British, You are visiting America. Your car needs some more petrol but you cannot find a petrol station. Ask directions to the nearest one. Writing ^Brainstorm with a partner on the following topic: Why should we learn English? Then try to make a poster to show your ideas. 15 Unit 2 EfUjl&h ground ths world 2 Make your own poster Put your question at the top of the poster and the ideas down as bullet points. The following is a sample poster. Why should we do exercises? J to keep fit J to make us strong > to fight Illness and diseose * to enjoy ourselves J to build up our skills Some exercise a day keeps the docior away! titit reasons Conclustcn 3 If it is possible, write a short passage based on your poster SUMMING UP Write down whot you hove learned about different kinds of English. from this unit you have also learned • useful verbs: • useful nouns: • useful adjectives: • other expressions: o neuj 9rommor item: ] LEARNING TIP When you learn English, try to have fun with the language. Maybe you can make lists of words and find out several different meanings for each of them- Then you can make some jokes using these words, but you must know their different meanings. For example: Don't rock that baby on the rock while playing that rock music. •R?fl'I>)*/