C#下如何实现服务器 客户端的聊天程序

C#下如何实现服务器 客户端的聊天程序 最近也在接触SOCKET编程，在当今这样一个网络时代，很多技术都以网络为中心在诞生，至少我认为是这样的，而SOCKET套接字接口，在实现网络通讯上处于关键地位，所以不会SOCKET是不行的。 首先，本文主要是针对那些刚接触SOCKET编程的朋友，如果是高手，就可以不看此文啦，可以去陪陪老婆，比如逛街或看电视... 在开始之前，我们需要预习一些基础知识: 什么是SOCKET套接字, SOCKET通常有那几种数据格式, 线程的概念, (以上基本知识我就不讲了，网上这方面资料很多的，大家找资料看下吧) 我要介绍的是一个服务器端+客户端的聊天系统，程序比较简单，我先把程序运行的界面给大家看下: 上面是服务器端运行界面;下面把客户端界面贴给大家看下: 功能比较简单，服务器的端口号可以在“系统菜单”里面的参数配置进行修改的。 看了上面的图，下面我们就给大家把代码贴出来:(因为程序比较简单，所以本 人就没有去分层啦) 服务器端代码: 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.ComponentModel; 4 using System.Data; 5 using System.Drawing; 6 using System.Text; 7 using System.Windows.Forms; 8 9 using System.Net; 10 using System.Net.Sockets; 11 using System.Threading; 12 using System.Xml; 13 14 namespace Server 15 { 16 public partial class ServerMain : Form 17 { 18 public ServerMain() 19 { 20 InitializeComponent(); 21 } 22 23 private void ServerMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 24 { 25 this.CmdStar.Enabled = true; 26 this.CmdStop.Enabled = false; 27 } 28 29 private void 配置参数ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 30 { 31 Set TSet = new Set(); 32 TSet.ShowDialog(); 33 } 34 35 private void 关于ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 36 { 37 About TAbout = new About(); 38 TAbout.Show(); 39 } 40 ///

41 /// 获得XML文件中的端口号 42 ///

43 /// 44 private int GetPort() 45 { 46 try 47 { 48 XmlDocument TDoc = new XmlDocument(); 49 TDoc.Load("Settings.xml"); 50 string TPort = TDoc.GetElementsByTagName("ServerPort")[0].InnerXml; 51 return Convert.ToInt32(TPort); 52 53 } 54 catch { return 6600; }//默认是6600 55 } 56 57 //声明将要用到的类 58 private IPEndPoint ServerInfo;//存放服务器的IP和端口信息 59 private Socket ServerSocket;//服务端运行的SOCKET 60 private Thread ServerThread;//服务端运行的线程 61 private Socket[] ClientSocket;//为客户端建立的SOCKET连接 62 private int ClientNumb;//存放客户端数量 63 private byte[] MsgBuffer;//存放消息数据 64 65 private void CmdStar_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 66 { 67 ServerSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, Protoco lType.Tcp); 68 ServerInfo=new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any,this.GetPort()); 69 ServerSocket.Bind(ServerInfo);//将SOCKET接口和IP端口绑定 70 ServerSocket.Listen(10);//开始监听，并且挂起数为10 71 72 ClientSocket = new Socket[65535];//为客户端提供连接个数 73 MsgBuffer = new byte[65535];//消息数据大小 74 ClientNumb = 0;//数量从0开始统计 75 76 ServerThread = new Thread(RecieveAccept);//将接受客户端连接的方法委托给线程 77 ServerThread.Start();//线程开始运行 78 79 CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;//不捕获对错误线程的调用 80 81 this.CmdStar.Enabled = false; 82 this.CmdStop.Enabled = true; 83 this.StateMsg.Text = "服务正在运行"+" 运行端口:"+this.GetPort().ToString(); 84 this.ClientList.Items.Add("服务于 " + DateTime.Now.ToString() + " 开始运行."); 85 } 86 87 //接受客户端连接的方法 88 private void RecieveAccept() 89 { 90 while (true) 91 { 92 ClientSocket[ClientNumb] = ServerSocket.Accept(); 93 ClientSocket[ClientNumb].BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(RecieveCallBack),ClientSocket[ClientNumb]); 94 this.ClientList.Items.Add(ClientSocket[ClientNumb].RemoteEndPoint.ToString()+ " 成功连接服务器."); 95 ClientNumb++; 96 } 97 } 98 99 //回发数据给客户端 100 private void RecieveCallBack(IAsyncResult AR) 101 { 102 try 103 { 104 Socket RSocket = (Socket)AR.AsyncState; 105 int REnd = RSocket.EndReceive(AR); 106 for (int i = 0; i < ClientNumb; i++) 107 { 108 if (ClientSocket[i].Connected) 109 { 110 ClientSocket[i].Send(MsgBuffer, 0, REnd,0); 111 } 112 RSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(RecieveCallBack), RSocket); 113 114 } 115 } 116 catch { } 117 118 } 119 120 private void CmdStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 121 { 122 ServerThread.Abort();//线程终止 123 ServerSocket.Close();//关闭SOCKET 124 125 this.CmdStar.Enabled = true; 126 this.CmdStop.Enabled = false; 127 this.StateMsg.Text = "等待运行"; 128 this.ClientList.Items.Add("服务于 " + DateTime.Now.ToString() + " 停止运行."); 129 } 130 131 132 133 } 134 } 客户端代码: 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.ComponentModel; 4 using System.Data; 5 using System.Drawing; 6 using System.Text; 7 using System.Windows.Forms; 8 9 using System.Net; 10 using System.Net.Sockets; 11 12 namespace Client 13 { 14 public partial class ClientMain : Form 15 { 16 public ClientMain() 17 { 18 InitializeComponent(); 19 } 20 21 private IPEndPoint ServerInfo; 22 private Socket ClientSocket; 23 private Byte[] MsgBuffer; 24 private Byte[] MsgSend; 25 26 private void ClientMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 27 { 28 this.CmdSend.Enabled = false; 29 this.CmdExit.Enabled = false; 30 31 ClientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, Protocol Type.Tcp); 32 MsgBuffer = new Byte[65535]; 33 MsgSend = new Byte[65535]; 34 CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false; 35 36 Random TRand=new Random(); 37 this.UserName.Text = "用户" + TRand.Next(10000).ToString(); 38 } 39 40 private void CmdEnter_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 41 { 42 ServerInfo = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(this.ServerIP.Text), Convert.ToInt32(this.ServerPort.Text)); 43 44 try 45 { 46 ClientSocket.Connect(ServerInfo); 47 48 ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("用户: " + this.UserName.Text + " 进入系统～\n")); 49 50 ClientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallBack), null); 51 52 this.SysMsg.Text += "登录服务器成功～\n"; 53 this.CmdSend.Enabled = true; 54 this.CmdEnter.Enabled = false; 55 this.CmdExit.Enabled = true; 56 } 57 catch 58 { 59 MessageBox.Show("登录服务器失败，请确认服务器是否正常工作～"); 60 } 61 } 62 63 private void ReceiveCallBack(IAsyncResult AR) 64 { 65 try 66 { 67 int REnd = ClientSocket.EndReceive(AR); 68 this.RecieveMsg.AppendText(Encoding.Unicode.GetString(MsgBuffer, 0, REnd)); 69 ClientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallBack), null); 70 71 } 72 catch 73 { 74 MessageBox.Show("已经与服务器断开连接～"); 75 this.Close(); 76 } 77 78 } 79 80 private void CmdSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 81 { 82 MsgSend = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(this.UserName.Text + "说:\n" + this.SendMsg.Text + "\n"); 83 if (ClientSocket.Connected) 84 { 85 ClientSocket.Send(MsgSend); 86 this.SendMsg.Text = ""; 87 } 88 else 89 { 90 MessageBox.Show("当前与服务器断开连接，无法发送信息～"); 91 } 92 } 93 94 private void CmdExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 95 { 96 if (ClientSocket.Connected) 97 { 98 ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(this.UserName.Text + "离开了房间～\n")); 99 ClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); 100 ClientSocket.Disconnect(false); 101 } 102 ClientSocket.Close(); 103 104 this.CmdSend.Enabled = false; 105 this.CmdEnter.Enabled = true; 106 this.CmdExit.Enabled = false; 107 } 108 109 private void RecieveMsg_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 110 { 111 this.RecieveMsg.ScrollToCaret(); 112 } 113 114 private void SendMsg_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) 115 { 116 if (e.Control && e.KeyValue == 13) 117 { 118 e.Handled = true; 119 this.CmdSend_Click(this, null); 120 } 121 } 122 123 124 125 126 } 127 } 我只对服务器端的代码做了注释，客户端就没有写注释了，因为代码是差不多的。区别在于客户端不需要监听，也不需要启用线程进行委托。 关于 ServerSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, Protoc olType.Tcp); 这句代码，我想给初学者解释一下，这里“AddressFamily.InterNetwork”表示的是使用IPV4地址，“SocketType.Stream”表示使用的是流格式(另外还有数据包格式和原始套接字格式)，“ProtocolType.Tcp”表示使用TCP协议(另外还有很多其它协议，例如大家常看到的UDP协议)。