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物理奥赛电学c
福安一中选拔集训班物理培训材料(三)电学专题C 1、在图示电路中,电源电压保持不变,闭合电键K,电路正常工作,一段时间后,发现其中一个电压表示数变小,则( )
(A)灯L可能变暗,
(B)灯L亮度可能不变,
(C)电阻R可能断路,
(D)电阻R可能短路。
2、如图所示,电源电压保持不变,R,2R,R为定值电阻,当电键K接a点时,120
电流表的示数为I,则电键接b点时,电流表示数应该是( )
a R 1(A)I (B)大于I,小于2I
(C)2I (D)大于2I 2
A 0b R R
3、在图示电路中,电源电压保持不变,此时电流表的示数为I,现将电阻R与R112对换后,发现电流表示数不变,如将R与R对换,发现电流表的示数为I,且I:I,132123:2,则可判断R: R: R为( ) 123
(A)1: 1: 2 (B)2: 2 : 1 R 1
R R23(C)1: 2 : 1 (D)2: 1: 2
A
4、现有10欧、20欧、30欧的电阻若干,假设这三种电阻的成本与它们的电阻值成正比,现在需要得到另外一些新电阻,并且只能利用现有电阻采用串、并联的方式得到以下电阻中,最便宜的是(不考虑导线等费用) ( ) (A)7.5欧, (B)12欧, (C)15欧, (D)18欧。
5、图7是一根粗细不同的导线,较细部分的横戴面积为S,较粗部分的横截面积为1
S,则电流通过导线时( ) 2
A(通过(S的电流,I大 11
B(通过(S的电流,I大 22
C(通过S、(S的电流I、,I一样大 l212
D(无法判断
adership: Luo Mingjun, rectification time: before September 25th, insist for a long time) 1, 2, to further improve research, solve thoroughly, not solid, the effect is not obvious. The major issues and enterprises it is a matter of security bureau year development, the vital interests of the problem, determine the research topic, by members of the Party led research. Basic research to see the truth, to the truth, do not say hello, not pre arranged. After the investigation to submit the research report. 3, insist on grassroots party members take the lead in implementing the line. <. In the construction of work style building long-term mechanism views > and < on the depth of the grassroots, the people, promoting harmony activities notice >, more mines and enterprises, solve the masses of grassroots leaders, mine is not enough. 4, contact a crowd. Combined with the "grassroots cadres contact farmers" activities and each cadres to contact a people, by
6、如图8所示,如果在a、b两点之间再并联一个灯泡,则( )
A(电流表示数增大,电压表示数减小
B(电流表示数减小,电压表示数增大
C(电流表示数增大,电压表示数增大
D(电流表示数减小,电压表示数减小
7、如图9所示电路,电源电压不变,闭合开关S,电压表、电流表均有示数,将滑
动变阻器的滑片P向左移动,一会儿发现电压表和电流表示数的比值变小,则下列判
断中正确的是( )
A(电阻R短路,电压表的示数变大 1
B(电阻R断路,电流表的示数变大 1
C(滑动变阻器短路,电压表的示数变小
D(滑动变阻器断路,电压表的示数变小
、如图20所示,有一电路暗盒,盒内有一电源和一定值电阻,A、B、C为表面的三8
个接线柱(现有一实验灯泡的红、蓝两线头分别去接触三个接线柱,测试结果如下表
所示,则下列判断中正确的是( )
实验现象 实验次数 实验过程 (灯泡发光情况)
蓝线头接C接线柱 正常发光 1 红线头接A接线柱
蓝线头接B接线柱 不亮
蓝线头接C接线柱 灯光暗淡 2 红线头接B接线柱 蓝线头接A接线柱 不亮
A(A、B间连接的是电阻,A、C间连接的是电源
B(B、C间连接的是电阻,A、C间连接的是电源
C(B、C间连接的是电阻,A、B间连接的是电源
D(A、C间连接的是电阻,B、C间连接的是电源 9、某同学在实验室按图22所示电路进行实验,当把滑动变阻器的滑动触头P分别滑到a、b、c、d四个位置时,记下了每个位置所对应的电流表和电压表的示数(当他回到教室对测量数据进行分析时,才发现由于自己在
记录
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数据时的不
规范
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和随意性,只记录了电流表的示数分别为4A/3、6A/5、2A/3、和1A;电压表的示数分别为6V、8V、4V和4.8V。但电表示数之间的对应关系、电表示数和滑动触头P
adership: Luo Mingjun, rectification time: before September 25th, insist for a long time) ontact farmers" activities and each cadres to contact a people, bydres centerprises, solve the masses of grassroots leaders, mine is not enough. 4, contact a crowd. Combined with the "grassroots carm mechanism views > and < on the depth of the grassroots, the people, promoting harmony activities notice >, more mines and te-ong3, insist on grassroots party members take the lead in implementing the line. <. In the construction of work style building lh to see the truth, to the truth, do not say hello, not pre arranged. After the investigation to submit the research report. searcdevelopment, the vital interests of the problem, determine the research topic, by members of the Party led research. Basic re lve thoroughly, not solid, the effect is not obvious. The major issues and enterprises it is a matter of security bureau year1, 2, to further improve research, so 2
所处位置之间的对应关系均已搞不清楚(假如该同学实验测得的数据是准确的,则可以分析出当滑动触头P滑到b位置时电流表和电压表的示数应该是( )(
A(1A/3,8V B(1A,6V C(6A/5,4V D(2A/3,4.8V 10、如图23所示的两种电路中,电源电压相同,四个电阻器的电阻值均相等,四个电流表也完全相同,但电流表的内阻均不可忽略(电流表A、A、A、A的示数分别为,1234I、I、I、I。则下列不等式中错误的是( ) 1234((
A. I< I B. I < I 1314
C. I < 2I D. I
, more mines and enterprises, solve the masses of grassroots leadeterm mechanism views > and < on the depth of the gr-ad in implementing the line. <. In the construction of work style building longo, not pre arranged. After the investigation to submit the research report. 3, insist on grassroots party members take the lehell determine the research topic, by members of the Party led research. Basic research to see the truth, to the truth, do not say ous. The major issues and enterprises it is a matter of security bureau year development, the vital interests of the problem,1, 2, to further improve research, solve thoroughly, not solid, the effect is not obvi 3
14、在图示电路中,电流表和电压表均为理想电表,则下列判断中正确的是( ) (A)R,R,且R最大,R最小, ABBDBCAC
(B)R,R,且R最大,R最小, A A D ABCDBCAC
R R (C)R,R,且R最大,R最小, ACCDBCAD
R (D)R,R,且R最大,R最小, ACBDBCADC V B
15、如图6所示,当闭合开关后,四个小磁针指向都正确的图是( )
16、在图示电路中,已知R0,17.6欧,将K接通a时,电阻R的电压为1伏,流过1电阻R的电流为0.2安,将K接通b时,电阻R的电压为1.2伏,流过电阻R的电流212为0.15安,则电阻R的阻值为_____________欧,电阻R的阻值为_____________欧。 x1
R 0 K R1
a b
R Rx2
U
adership: Luo Mingjun, rectification time: before September 25th, insist for a long time) ontact farmers" activities and each cadres to contact a people, bydres centerprises, solve the masses of grassroots leaders, mine is not enough. 4, contact a crowd. Combined with the "grassroots carm mechanism views > and < on the depth of the grassroots, the people, promoting harmony activities notice >, more mines and te-ong3, insist on grassroots party members take the lead in implementing the line. <. In the construction of work style building lh to see the truth, to the truth, do not say hello, not pre arranged. After the investigation to submit the research report. searcdevelopment, the vital interests of the problem, determine the research topic, by members of the Party led research. Basic re lve thoroughly, not solid, the effect is not obvious. The major issues and enterprises it is a matter of security bureau year1, 2, to further improve research, so 4