建筑基础定位放线 一

建筑基础定位放线 一 定位放线 一.工程定位放线 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 : (1) 进场后首先对甲方提供施工定位图进行图上复核，以确保设计图纸的正确。其次，与甲方一道对现场的座标点和水准点进行交接验收，发现误差过大时应与甲方或设计院共同商议处理方法，经确认后方可正式定位。 (2) 现场建立控制座标网和水准点。现场平面控制网的测设方法见后。水准点由永久水准点引入，水准点应采取保护措施，确保水准点不被破坏。 (3) 工程定位后要经建设单位和规划部门验收合格后方可开始施工。 二.根据本工程的平面形状，决定采用矩形网控制。 按工程定位图，以建筑纵横两个方向为座标轴，每30m测设一条控制线，形成30m×30m的现场控制网，建筑物的定位即以控制网轴线为准。 三.根据本工程的平面形状，适宜于采用多边形现场控制网。 以与工程主轴线相对应的互成120?方向的三根线作为控制网的轴线，控制轴线的间距为30m，形成现场控制网。工程定位即以该轴线为准。 四.取工程纵横向的主轴线作为现场控制网轴线，组成现场控制网。工程的其它轴线依据主轴线位置确定。 五.在土方开挖期间，对于标高的测定，采用专人负责，随挖随测的方法。在接近基底时，应将标高点引到基坑内，可在工程桩钢筋上做记号。作为底板施工阶段垫层浇筑、支底板模板的依据。 六.地下室施工阶段标高测量方法 为了保证建筑全高控制的精度要求，在基础施工中就应注意准确地测设标高。为?0.00以上的标高传递打好基础。 采用经纬仪将现场水准点标高引测至地下室基坑内，可在基坑四周的挡土桩上画出整米数的水平线，作为地下室标高测量的依据。标高控制线应根据施工需要画出多处，对于各条标高线，应予校测，误差较大时(>5mm)应予调整。 七.外控法施工要点: 施测时将经纬仪安置在建筑附近进行竖向投测。 (1)测前要对经纬仪的轴线关系进行严格的检校，观测时要精密定平水平度盘水准管，以减少竖轴不铅直的误差。 (2)轴线的延长桩点要准确，标志要准确、明显，并妥善保护好。应尽量以首层轴线位置为准，直接向施工层投测，避免逐层上投造成误差积累。 (3)取正倒镜向上投测的平均位置，以抵消经纬仪的视准轴不垂直横轴和横轴不垂直竖轴的误差影响。 八.垂直度的控制采用吊线坠法: 采用较重的特制线坠悬吊，以确定的轴线交点为准，直接向各施工层悬吊引测轴线。 (1)线坠的几何形体要规正，重量要适当(1,3kg)。 吊线用编织的和没有扭曲的细钢丝。 (2)悬吊时要上端固定牢固， 线中间没有障碍，尤其是没有侧向抗力。 (3)线下端(或线坠尖)的投测人，视线要垂直结构面，当线左、线右投测小于3,4mm时，取其平均位置，两次平均位置之差小于2,3mm时，再取平均位置，作为投测结果。 (4)投测中要防风吹和震动，尤其是侧向风吹。 (5)在逐层引测中，要用更大的线坠(如5kg)每隔3,5层，由下面直接向上放一次通线，以作校测。 九.上部结构标高测法: ?0.00以上的标高测法，主要是用钢尺沿结构外部向上竖直测量，在四周共设三处，以便于相互校核。施测要点: (1) 起始标高线用水准仪根据水准点引测，必须保证精度。 (2) 由?0.00水平线向上量高差时，所用钢尺应经过检定，量高差时尺身应铅直并用标准拉力，同时要进行尺长和温度改正。 (3) 观测时尽量做到前后视线等长。并采用铝合金直尺以硬铅笔划水平线，以确保精度。 (4) 当高度超过一尺长时，应精确地定出第二基点，由第二基点向上量测。 十.采用天顶准直法传递轴线: 天顶准直法是使用能测设天顶方向的仪器，进行竖向投测。 仪器采用: 配90?弯管目镜的经纬仪。 激光经纬仪。 激光铅直仪。 自动天顶准直仪。 自动天顶——天底准直仪。 将仪器安置在施工层的下面。因此，施测中要注意对仪器的安全采取保护措施，防止落物击伤，并经常对光束的竖直方向进行检校。 作者:思念班长 document.write(" "); 2007-4-29 16:29 回复此发言 2定位放线 十一. 采用建设激光测量仪进行轴线垂直传递: (1) 测量仪器 建设激光测量仪是一种能自动保持工作精度，可适用于各类工程建设的多工序检测的便携式仪器，它具有6种功能(自动安平激光水平仪、自动安平激光水准仪、自动安平激光水平面仪、自动安平激光铅直平面仪、自动安平任意倾角激光束准直仪、自动安平激光圆锥面仪)，是一种多功能、多用途、性能好、精度高的新颖测量仪，有助于提高测量精度和效率，节约劳力，提高工程质量和加快工程进度。 (2) 施工方法 使用建设激光测量仪进行轴线竖向引测，首先选定控制点，将控制点选在1层或2层。经测角、量边核准后，得引测控制点，组成控制网。将新建立的控制网作为施工全过程中竖向控制和施工放样的依据，在以上各层楼面浇筑砼时，在对应于这4个控制点的位置处均预留150×150mm垂线投递孔，并在留孔处四周砌200mm高阻水圈，以阻挡投点时施工用水流洒在仪器上。为减少激光束衍射而产生的误差，利用最有效可靠的测程(30,40m)，分段进行投点。 投测时，将仪器置于控制点，调平，让激光束垂直投测到新测楼面留孔处放置的有机玻璃平板(300×300)接受靶上，记下激光束的光斑圆心位置，则可进行所测楼面的放线工作。 十二.建筑物的定位放线 (1) 建筑物的定位应以其平面布置形式和占地面积大小不同而异:当以城市控制点或场区控制网定位时，应选择精度较高的点位和方向为依据;当以建筑红线桩定位时，应选择与主要街道中心线平行的建筑红线为依据，并应以较长的已知边测设较短的边;当以原有建(构)筑物或道路中心线定位时，应选择外廓(或中心线)较完整的永久性建(构)筑物为依据。 (2) 定位的方法，在控制网上测定建筑物轴线控制桩。定位的方法应以建筑物的形状不同而 异，矩形建筑物宜用直角坐标法定位;任意形状建筑物宜用极坐标法定位;当量距有困难时，宜选用角度交会法定位。 十三.采用天底准直法传递标高: 天底准直法是使用能测设天底方向的仪器，进行竖向投测，也叫俯视法。 采用仪器: 垂准经纬仪。 自动天底准直仪。 自动天顶——天底准直仪。 将仪器安放在施工层，通过向天底方向投测的光束与在?0.00m层上的轴线控制点相重合，即将轴线传递到施工层。 十四.轴线的垂直传递 采用内控法和外控法相结合的方法。首先在首层的适当位置留设控制点，采用预埋铁板的方法，制点固定。在施工上部结构层时，在控制点的施工层的相应位置留设孔洞，采用铅垂仪将控制点位置投影到各施工层。同时采用激光经纬仪对各控制点的位置进行校核。 十五.变形观测的基本措施: 为了保证变形观测成果的精度，除按规定时间一次不漏的进行观测外，在观测中应采取“一稳定、四固定”的基本措施。 (1) 变形观测依据的基准点、工作基点和被观测物上的变形观测点，其点位要稳定。基准点是变形观测的基本依据，因此设三个稳固可靠的基准点，并每半年复测一次;变形观测点应设在被观测物上最能反映变形特征且便于观测的位置。 ( 2) 变形观测所用仪器、设备要固定;观测人员要固定;观测的条件、环境基本相同;观测的路线、镜位、程序和方法要固定。 十六.对邻近建筑物影响的观测 地下室施工过程中，为了及时掌握施工对邻近建筑物影响的程度，因此对邻近建筑物进行观测。在基础施工影响范围以外设基准点，再根据设计要求，对距基坑一定范围的建筑物，设置沉降观测点，并精确地测出其原始标高。以后根据施工进展，及时进行复测，以便针对变形情况，采取安全防护措施。 十七.施工塔吊基座的沉降观测: 为了避免塔吊基座沉降(尤其是不均匀沉降) 而影响正常施工，和发生意外事故 ，因此对塔吊基座进行观测，检查塔吊基础下沉和倾斜状况，以确保塔吊运转安全，工作正常。 十八.日照对高层建筑上部位移变形的观测: 由于考虑到日照对建筑竖向偏差具有重要影响，因此需进行观测。观测随建筑物施工高度的增加，每30m实测一次，实测时应选在日照有明显变化的晴天天气进行，从清晨起每一小时观测一次，至次日清晨，以测得其位移变化数值与方向，并记录向阳面与背阳面的温度。竖向位置使用天顶法。 作者:思念班长 document.write(" "); 2007-4-29 16:29 回复此发言 3回复:定位放线 十九. 工程沉降观测是施工中一项重要工作。当浇筑基础垫层时，在垫层上埋设临时观测点。当建筑施工到?0.00层时，再根据设计位置和要求埋设永久性观测点。然后每施工一层、测设一次，直至竣工。 沉降观测必须由专业测量师负责，采取定人员、定仪器、定时间的三定方针。以确保观测结果的准确。 沉降观测点位置与埋设方法见图示。 工程竣工时，沉降观测提供以下成果: (1)建筑物平面图:图上标有观测点位置及编号; (2)下沉量统计 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf :是根据沉降观测原始记录整理而成的各个观测点的每次下沉量和累积下沉量的统计值; (3)观测点的下沉量曲线。 二十. 为了基础施工阶段的安全，及时掌握挡土体的变形状况，对挡土体进行监测。在护坡桩基坑一侧设置平行控制线，用经纬仪准线法，定期进行观测，以确保护坡桩的安全。 二十一.建立平面控制网及高程控制网 所谓控制网是由一定等级(满足一定精度要求)的控制点所组成的相邻点互相通视并构成一定图形的测量网。平面控制网是建筑物定位的基本依据，要分清场区平面控制网还是建筑物平面控制网，根据整体控制局部、高精度控制低精度的原则，以场区平面控制网控制建筑物平面控制网。 3.3.1大面积的建筑小区、大型建筑物或创市优重点工程，必须测设场区平面控制网，作为场区的整体控制，它是建筑物平面控制的上一级控制，应结合建筑物平面布置的图形特点来确定这种控制网的图形，可布置成十字形、田字形、建筑方格网或多边形。 建筑方格网应在场区平整完成后在总平面图上进行设计，其设计原则如下。 (1) 方格网的主轴线应尽可能选择在场区的中心线上(宜设在主要建筑物的中心轴线上)。其纵横轴线的端点应尽量延伸至场地边缘，既便于方格网的扩展又能确保精度均匀。 (2) 方格网的顶点应布置在通视良好又能长期保存的地点。 (3) 方格网的边长不宜太长，一般小于100 m，为便于计算和记忆，宜取10 m的倍数。 (4) 轴线控制桩应尽量投测在方格网边上。 (5) 方格网全部施测完成后，采用将所有建筑物一次性定位的方法来检验其准确性，对于未进行平差的方格网是一种较好的检验方法。 建筑方格网的测设方法是先测设主轴线，后加密方格网，并按导线测量进行平差。 3.3.2建筑物平面控制网是建筑物定位和施工放线的基本依据，它是场区内的二级平面控制。 建筑物平面控制网的图形，可以是一字形基线(两个控制点组成的)、十字形控制网或平行于建筑物外廓轴线的其他图形(图1)。 3.3.3高程控制网是建筑场区内地上、地下建(构)筑物高程测设和传递的基本依据。 高程控制网布点的密度应恰当，一般每幢楼房应设置1,2个点，主要建筑物应设置3个点。其测量方法可采用水准测量和光电测距中的三角高程测量方法。 高程控制网的等级为国家三、四等水准测量或等外水准测量等。以上各等级都可作为建筑场区的首级高程控制。当场区长、宽大于100 m时，可在场区内布置4个以上高程起始点，与已知高程点构成闭合水准路线进行测量。 二十二.控制桩的埋设和保护 控制桩应按照规程规定的标准进行埋设，一般应埋设在距基坑放坡线1 m以外的坚固地方，其深度应大于当地的冻土线深度，桩顶周围应砌筑20 cm高的保护台或设置其他保护措施( 二十三.基础施工测量 基础施工测量包括桩基施工测量、基槽开挖的抄平放线、基础放线、?0.000标高以下的抄平放线。在这些工作中，?0.000标高线的测定对确保槽底标高无误是至关重要的，此外还应根据建筑物的大小适当考虑沉降测量。 二十四.结构施工测量 (1) 一般民用建筑物?0.000标高以上的结构施工测量工作主要包括:首层轴线放线与抄平，施工层主轴线的竖向投测、施工层标高的竖向传递、大型预制构件的弹线及结构安装测量等。 (2) 首层放线验收后，应将控制轴线引测(弹出)在外墙立面上，作为各施工层主轴线竖向投测的依据。若视线不够开阔，不便架设经纬仪时，应改用激光铅直仪通过预留孔洞向上投测。这时的控制网由外控转为内控，其图形应平行于外廓轴线。 (3) 控制轴线最好选在建筑物外廓轴线上、单元或施工流水段的分界线上、楼梯间或电梯间两侧的轴线上。由于施工现场情况复杂，利用这些控制线的平行线进行投测较为方便。 (4) 标高的竖向传递，可用钢尺以首层?0.000线为基准向上竖直量取。当传递高度超过钢尺整尺长时，应另设一道标高起始线。为了便于校核，每栋建筑物应由3处分别向上传递标高。 建筑施工放线是施工管理人员的基本技能之一。每项建筑工程施工开始就是施工定位放线，它关系到整个工程的成败。由于放线错误造成的房屋错位，不能满足功能设施要求的现象，屡见不鲜。施工放线是保证工程质量至关重要的一环。下面共同探讨建筑施工测量放线技术。 1一般矩形建筑物放线技术 1.1施工放线的第一步是复核规划定点位置一般施工总平面图上绘出的坐标，由规划技术人员现场定位，而规划定位是理论值与现场建筑物的实际位置有差别，一定要复核、纠正。如2005年由本公司负责承接施工的广西都安县人民政府办公大楼工程，若按规划定点放线，一条长长的弧线错位100cm，无法吻合。由于面积特大，相关尺寸多，用有关坐标设计的理论有错误，设计图改正后，再规划定点，重新放线，与之相连的外广场又不吻合，只能根据现场实际调整合适，历时10多天纠正。需重新放线纠正定位的工程还有本公司施工的河池市教育局住宅楼、金城江区食品公司住宅楼等等，故不能完全按规划定点放线，需综合设计意图，根据现场实际情况确定位置，然后将控制点引出建筑物场外，保护好桩位。 1.2第二步是测定 建筑物轴线、标高。常规做法是打龙门桩、钉铁钉，标记红三角标高。再接各分层工序，依次往上弹线;挖土方洒灰线，捣制垫层后弹墨线，特别注意，垫层上要弹出柱子的位置，且用红油漆标记四个角，以便柱子钢筋定位。在地梁处(?0.000)准确弹出各轴线网，且要复核，如A—B轴间5000，复核时应从B—A测量，再测建筑物总长与各轴线间相加是否吻合。 各轴线垂直引上，分楼层弹置确定控制轴网，标高由一条柱、墙角处引上，分楼层标志50cm线或者100cm线，四周每道墙、柱上均弹水平线。施工放线是一项严谨、细致的工作，要按部就班，一步一个脚印，来不得半点马虎。关键轴线、尺寸都由施工技术员亲自操作，如钢卷尺的“0”起点距尺端有100mm左右，而皮卷尺的“0”起点是扣勾的端点，若拉尺时一端是一个民工，一端是技术员，由于民工看错尺位经常出现放线误差10cm的事，所以技术员必须仔细复查。 2常见异形平面建筑物放线技术 2.1弧线 确是一个圆或一段弧需有圆心和半径，才容易求得。但若缺少圆心怎么办,采用弓高法(微积分)，宜州市政广场工程面层，其半径为200米，圆心在室内，无法确定。只能求得圆弧上两点再通过计算，得出一个点后再分段求得另一个点，逐步分下去，以微小的直线段组合成圆弧。 2.2圆心的引用 定位圆心在场地平整时尽可以应用，而挖土方时，或建筑往上伸高，圆心点即被占用或无法延高，需采取引线控制。例如，都安县行政办公大楼的圆心点从开始到最后抹灰，都要用到， 必需精确地引出，挖基础土方时，需保留其到其他基础垫层完成及弹线后才能破坏，然后垂直层层向上引用控制点。行政办公大楼平面图由两个1/4圆和两个矩形组成，其中一个的圆心可按楼层引上去，而另一个圆心在建筑物之外无法引上。?0.000以上施工放线将经纬仪置于圆心，按弧角分多线垂直引上，再在各楼层平面以弓高法分出内外弧线。 2.3直角(垂线)做法 放垂直线或直角是施工放线最基本的方法，每个工程要用无数次，在放线时应根据实际情况采用才能速度快、效率高。 2.3.1勾股定理 它适合20米以内的定位放线，是最简单方便的手工放线，如独立柱基础框边及轻短的建筑物轴线。若延长线过长，则造成误差较大。 2.3.2等腰三角形法 已知一条直线段，做垂线段用此方法将准确、快捷地做出垂直线。 2.3.3工具法 根据建筑物的平面图、制作出大小直角三角形、矩形、圆形框，在放线时找到轴线即套上模型非常快捷精确地弹出柱脚边线及其他边线。 2.3.4经纬仪放线 建筑物长超过20米，必须采用经纬仪放线，其优点是精确，缺点是速度慢，要搬动仪器定垂直线，转角时容易出错，故每一平面放线时必须做一个闭合差计算。 2.4非同一垂直面的定位方法 若墙、柱面在同一垂直面内，将轴线引上时可吊锤线或经纬仪直接引上即可。但不在同一垂直面时必需采取一定措施。 2.4.1引延长线再做垂直线 例如二层挑出阳台，在一层将阳台的轴线位定引出，做标记，在施工二层时再吊锤线从一层引出线引上。 2.4.2分线延长 例如二层是挑出阳台，在一层四角引锤线到二层，分出各轴线弹出轴线网，将轴线延长得到挑出的阳台轴线。该法仅适用于短小建筑工程。 2.4.3经纬仪定位 例如安装工业厂房带牛腿的排架柱，必需两台经纬仪同时操作，非同一垂直面(牛腿正面)必须将仪器置于轴线上，否则造成差错。 2.4.4借线引线 例如市国税局办公大楼工程，天面有排出天沟、女儿墙、阳台等，外墙面不是同垂直面无法用吊锤将一层墙轴线引到天面，需在地面将墙体轴线延长出建筑物外600mm，在天面用木杆伸出，再用经纬仪在建筑物外600mm处引垂线，到天面后水平度量600mm引到建筑物内。 2.5楼梯放线 按质量评定要求，楼梯的每踏步之间的高差不能大于10mm，必须准确定位才能满足质量要求。在准确定出第一步和楼层处的踏步标高后即需将分格网状弹于楼梯的墙面上，那种仅拉斜线等分踏步的方法是不妥的。 结束语 建筑施工放线是一项运用立体几何与平面几何、解析几何等多项知识结合的综合技术，包含有多种技能，需不断 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 经验掌握技巧，善于运用，能提高效益。 筏板基础地基怎样放线 可以说点现场施工的放线经验: 1、先是主轴线(横向和纵向控制线)、再是根据结构图设计地下室内外墙、柱、剪力墙柱、基础梁(梁板式筏基)、电梯基坑、后浇带位置等等。 2、其中墙体、柱、剪力墙柱线要用彩色油漆、一般是红色油漆在墙柱边角做“三角形”标注，以利于筏板钢筋完成后墙柱钢筋主筋就位、摆放。 应该注意的是基础线放线完成后要自检、互检、最后同监理共同验收，确认无误后方可开始钢筋绑扎施工。 施工时先放主轴线，这样再放墙柱线时要容易很多。主要是对墙柱等细部位置的校正，因为细节往往会出现小错误的地方。 放线完成后就是做地基放线记录等工程资料了。 土建基础怎么放线 基槽开挖边线放线与基坑抄平1(基槽开挖边线放线 在基础开挖前，按照基础详图上的基槽宽度和上口放坡的尺寸，由中心桩向两边各量出开挖边线尺寸，并作好标记;然后在基槽两端的标记之间拉一细线，沿着细线在地面用白灰撒出基槽边线，施工时就按此灰线进行开挖。 2(基坑抄平 为了控制基槽开挖深度，当基槽开挖接近槽底时，在基槽壁上自拐角开始，每隔3~5m测设一根比槽底设计高程提高0.3~0.5m的水平桩，作为挖槽深度、修平槽底和打基础垫层的依据。水平桩一般用水准仪根据施工现场已测设的?0标志或龙门板顶面高程来 1.700m，欲测设比槽底设计高程高0.500m的水平测设的。如图9.9所示，槽底设计高程为- 桩，首先在地面适当地方安置水准仪，立水准尺于?0标志或龙门板顶面上，读取后视读数为0.774m，求得测设水平桩的应读前视读数0.774+1.700-0.500=1.974m。然后贴槽壁立水准尺并上下移动，直至水准仪水平视线读数为1.974m时，沿尺子底面在槽壁打一小木桩，即为要测设的水平桩。 图9.9 为砌筑建筑物基础，所挖地槽呈深坑状的叫基坑。若基坑过深，用一般方法不能直接测定坑底标高时，可用悬挂的钢尺来代替水准尺把地面高程传递到深坑内。 9.3.2 基础施工放线 基础施工包括垫层和基础墙的施工。 1(垫层中线的测设 在基础垫层打好后，根据龙门板上的轴线钉或轴线控制桩，用经纬仪或用拉绳挂锤球的方法(见图9.8a和图9.8b)，把轴线投测到垫层面上，并用墨线弹出墙中心线和基础边线，作为砌筑基础的依据。由于整个墙身砌筑均以此线为准，所以要进行严格校核。 2(垫层面标高的测设 垫层面标高的测设是以槽壁水平桩为依据在槽壁弹线，或在槽底打入小木桩进行控制。如果垫层需支架模板可以直接在模板上弹出标高控制线。 3(基础墙标高的控制 墙中心线投在垫层上，用水准仪检测各墙角垫层面标高后，即可开始基础墙(?0.00以下的墙)的砌筑，基础墙的高度是用基础皮数杆来控制的。基础皮数杆是用一根木杆制成，在杆上事先按照设计尺寸将每皮砖和灰缝的厚度一一画出，每 图9.8b五皮砖注上皮数，(基础皮数杆的层数从?0.00m向下注记)并标明?0.00m和防潮层等的标高位置。如图9.10所示。 立皮数杆时，可先在立杆处打一根木桩，用水准仪在木桩侧面定出一条高于垫层标高某一数值(10?)的 基础的施工顺序该怎么排(从放线开始) 首先根据控制点引点过来定建筑基础的角点，然后放基础的轮廓线及开挖的外边线(注意放坡的宽度预留)，开挖前将角点引走，按白线挖土方，清槽后，然后根据以前的点来弹基础的黑线，砌砖然后绑筋，浇注砼，回填。 施工放线的步骤是怎么样的啊，我现在是刚刚基础开始，说的详细一点谢谢～ ,,什么是基础开始, 使你从基础开始干还是工程基础刚开始施工, 放线全站仪定坐标，水准定高程，看不见的地方可以转站或吊垂球。在附近便于保护的位置设置护桩足以。 重要的是计算坐标和高程，现场操作技术工人足以。 怎么在高低不平的地面上放基础线 我们有一个挡土墙工程，基础开挖前和施工队分段取直定了挡土墙基础开挖线，准备挖直坡，当时撒的灰线，但是基础开挖了以后灰线肯定就看不到了，怎么找到起初定的开挖线呢, 我想了一个办法但还是要撒灰，误差很大，希望朋友们说说准确的方法。 我的办法是: 用经纬仪通过角度交汇来确定每一个直段外口线的端点。 先在地上打个木桩，把经纬仪架在这个木桩上定一点a，在较远处用经纬仪的视线打一个桩定一点b。在a、b两点架经纬仪分别测出ab与各个端点的两个夹角以及每段的长度并记录下来，开挖后找线时，一种方法是通过夹角数值从a、b分别向各个端点方向拉线，再线上落灰，通过落灰的交点找到各个端点。另一种方法是落灰找到第一个端点后，根据其所在段长度和下一个端点与ab的一个夹角来定出各个端点。问题补充: 谢谢楼下朋友的回答，用插桩定点是怎么回事，能说得详细一些吗，希望大家回答时都尽量说得详细一些，我正在努力学习，大家一定要帮我呀。 最佳答案 这个一直以来都是用插桩来定点的 每条直线的两端各插一条桩，这样开挖后桩还在原地，你就可以根据桩来划线了 土建\房屋施工放线 从平整场地到主体封顶,钉多少次龙门桩来放线,是不是开挖好基础后要利用基准点把每条轴线引到基础壁上.等做完基础后回填土后,再自然地坪上钉在钉龙门桩.在利用基准点从新把每条轴线放上去?这样就是只要钉2次龙门桩就好了是吗? 或者是更简便的就在自然地坪上钉一次好了,不用引到基础土壁上了? 最佳答案 我来回答你的问题: 土建/房屋工程施工放线是从建筑物定位开始的，一直到主体工程封顶都离不开施工放线。(这里你没有提到“操平”的问题我就略了) 大致分三个阶段:建筑物定位(放线)、基础施工(放线)和主体施工(放线)。 一、建筑物定位，是房屋建筑工程开工后的第一次放线，建筑物定位参加的人员是:城市规划部门(下属的测量队)及施工单位的测量人员(专业的)，根据建筑规划定位图进行定位，最后在施工现场形成(至少)4个定位桩。放线工具为“全站仪”或“比较高级的经纬仪”。 二、基础施工放线，建筑物定位桩设定后，由施工单位的专业测量人员、施工现场负责人及监理共同对基础工程进行放线及测量复核(监理人员主要是旁站监督、验证)，最后放出所有建筑物轴线的定位桩(根据建筑物大小也可轴线间隔放线)，所有轴线定位桩是根据规划部门的定位桩(至少4个)及建筑物底层施工平面图进行放线的。放线工具为“经纬仪”。 施工员如何学会放线,, 施工员如何学会放线,, 换句话说就是看图纸后如何放线,, 最佳答案 第一、要掌握测量仪器的使用 第二、能看懂施工图纸 第三、看看一些放线测量的 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 只要有了这些基础，相信没问题，第一次放线时，一定要仔细认真，控制点的数据一定要精确，多检查一遍，有了经验就好了～ 建筑基础基线放线 简单叙述一下建筑基础基线放线流程, 推荐答案 首先看图纸，看基础和自然地面的标高，确定放坡系数，计算得出基坑挖土的下边线和上边线各偏离轴线多长的距离，根据测绘站留下的建筑角点，定出建筑物的轴线位置，并引出桩点，做好轴线桩点的维护工作，用细线拉通轴线，用卷尺量出上边线和下边线的位置，用白灰撒出细线，最后看到的是，一个大的基坑上边线套着一个下边线的白灰线 请问高层建筑放样是用吊线锤吗,听说有的是在楼板上留放线孔具体怎么操作 推荐答案 有一个仪器叫:激光垂直仪。这个和线锤的作用是一样的，起到定位点的上引作用，但是精确度比线锤要高很多。 一般就是在每层的同一个垂直位置留设一个垂直位置一样的15cm的立方小孔，在定位上层线的时候，你从基础底板或者下面的定位点用垂直仪将垂直点打在一个塑胶板上面的中心位置(这个塑胶板是有很多小方格的激光盘)，然后用一些小木块定位好激光盘，在放线的时候用经纬仪直接取激光盘上的点就ok。 一般每层留设放线孔，如果面积大的话，可以多设。 如何在工地快速放线呢!!! 需要什么高科技仪器么? 或者有什么好办法呢? 最佳答案 建筑放线就是在建筑工程施工过程中，确定其位置及其构件的过程。 主要用经纬议、全站议测量定位点，然后在点上打木庄，在用红外全站议在木桩点上打铁钉，在铁钉上放麻线，按照需要的尺寸根据现场定然后用灰粉撒在线上，根据建筑物的大小及地形选择经纬仪、全站议、用水平议决定建筑物的基础平整 它一般有木匠用的墨斗在位置上打上黑线并在两端的墙上引出建筑轴线 基础定位放线完成后，由施工现场的测量员及施工员依据定位的轴线放出基础的边线，进行 基础开挖。放线工具:经纬仪、龙门板、线绳、线坠子、钢卷尺等。小工程可能没有测量员，就是施工员放线。 注意:基础轴线定位桩在基础放线的同时须引到拟建建筑物周围的永久建筑物或固定物上，防止轴线定位桩破坏了，用来补救。 三、主体施工放线，基础工程施工出正负零后，紧接着就是主体一层、二层...直至主体封顶的施工及放线工作，放线工具:经纬仪、线坠子、线绳、墨斗、钢卷尺等。根据轴线定位桩及外引的轴线基准线进行施工放线。用经纬仪将轴线打到建筑物上，在建筑物的施工层面上弹出轴线，再根据轴线放出柱子、墙体等边线等，每层如此，直至主体封顶。 我有20多年的施工经验，由于时间关系说的不是很细(放线有很多技巧)，希望对你有所帮助。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.