初中英语应用文写作技巧

初中英语应用文写作技巧 精品文档 初中英语应用文写作技巧 应用文就是指人们在日常生活、工作和学习中经常运用的文体，包括书信、电子邮件、通知、日记等。 一、通 知 通知是传达信息、布置工作、召开会议所使用的一种文体。在英语里有口头通知和书面通知两种。 通知一般包括三个要素:?时间;?地点;?活动内容。通知要求简练、用词贴切。通知的具体格式如下: 1. 标 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 :在正文上面正中的地方写上NOTICE。 2. 正文:说明通知的具体时间、地点、活动内容和注意事项。 3. 单位:发通知的单位一般写在正文的右下角。 4. 时间:发通知的时间一般写在正文的左下角。 实例解析 请以下面内容写一则通知: 学校定于6月23日14点30分在学校操场举行毕业典礼。请同学们穿好校服，按时参加。 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 指导 写这个通知时,只要按照提示写清时间、地点和主要的事就可以了。 参考范文 二、便条 便条多用于同事或朋友之间临时通知或询问某事，包括留言条、请假条等。便条格式近似于书信，一般由称呼、正 1 / 26 精品文档 文、署名、日期等组成。 写便条应注意以下几个方面: 1. 日期:要写在右上角，便条的日期要写出月、日。 2. 称呼:称呼应写在第二行，要左起顶格写。便条的 称呼较为随便，如:Dear Mom, Liu Jun等。 3. 正文:正文应另起一行写。用词要简明扼要。 4. 署名:署名要写在右下角，一般只写留条人的姓名。 实例解析 Tony明天和父母去度假，他给朋友李雷留言。请求李雷 帮助照顾一下他的家。内容包括:打扫房间，照看宠物，浇 浇花等等。开头结尾已给出，不计词数。 May 1Dear Li Lei, My parents and I are going on vacation tomorrow. I need your help. ____________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________Tony 分析指导 2 / 26 精品文档 写这个留言条时，可直接说明请求做的事。 参考范文 Dear Li Lei, My parents and I are going on vacation tomorrow. I need your help. Could you please help me look after my house? Please clean the house and water the flowers. Oh, I have a dog. Will you please feed my dog? And don’ t forget to give him some water and take him for a walk. Thanks. Tony 应用文 英语应用文在初中阶段应包括书信、留言、贺卡、通知、 启事，以及明信片、海报、E-mail等。应用文通常有一定的 格式，而且不同类型的应用文，其格式也不相同。所以掌握 一些应用文的格式并能熟练运用非常重要。 应用文的总体写作要求是:格式正确;语言简洁、精练， 无语法及词语搭配错误。 一、书信 1、书信的格式要求: 书信一般由六部分组成，即信头、信内地址、称呼、正 文、结束语及署名。 信头 信头即写信人的地址和写信的日期。写信人的地址一般 3 / 26 精品文档 写在信纸的右上角，可以从靠近信纸的中央写起。应先写发信人的地址，后写写信的日期。要注意，英语中地址的写法与汉语不同，应按由小到大的顺序写;日期的顺序是月、日、年或日、月、年。在年份之前有一个逗号。如:September 12,003或1September,003. 信内地址 信内地址是指收信人的姓名、地址这一部分内容。信内地址位于信纸的左上角，从信头的下面一、二行开始写。第一行写姓名、头衔，接着再写其地址。 称呼 称呼指对收信人的称呼，写在信内地址之下，相距一、二行，从信纸左边开始，不空格。给熟悉的人写信一般用Dear+姓名，或Dear Miss/Mrs/Mr + 姓。例如: Dear Wang Ping, Dear sir, Dear Miss Black, 等. 正文 正文指信的内容，是信件的主体部分。写在称呼下一、二行处，由左边第三或第五个字母处开始写起。长信要分段写，每段一个中心思想，每段的开头都同第一段开头并齐。短信可不分段，一气呵成。 结束语 结束语指正文下面的结尾客套语。位置应低于正文一、二行。一般从信纸的中间稍右写起，第一个字母大写，末尾 4 / 26 精品文档 用逗号。在非正式的社交信中常用Yours sincerely, Yours, Sincerely yours等。 签名 署名写在结束语的下面。 例文:信件格式 Class, Grade 1 Chinese Department, Beijing University September,003 Dear father and mother, How are you? It is about three months since I left home and came to Beijing University. I miss you very much. I have worked hard on my lessons since I came here. I’m doing best in them in my class. My classmates and I love each other, learn from each other and help each other. We are getting on very well with each other. Our teachers love us. They take good care of us. Our university is very large. It is also very beautiful. I love our university. I love our teachers. I love my classmates. I’m all right here. Don’t worry 5 / 26 精品文档 about me. My best love to you! Yours, Xiao Hua 2(信封的格式要求: 收信人的姓名和地址 收信人的姓名要写在信封中下部，先写姓名，再下一行写地址。 寄信人的姓名和地址 寄信人的姓名和地址写在信封的左上角，先写姓名，再下一行写地址。 假如寄信人叫郭伟，地址是:中国江苏省南京市南京路246号，邮编是221005;发信 3(电子邮件的写法 考试中电子邮件类试题的要求一般都是只写正文，其写法比较简单，开头第一行写称呼，顶格写，称呼后面用逗号;正文部分从称呼下一行开始写起，从左边起空两格。正文后面是暑名，署名写在正文下一行或二行处，靠右写。 例1 李明是北京八中初三的一名学生，他的笔友 Tom Brown来信说他很快就要到中国来，并询问李明家的电话号码。假如你是李明，请写一个信封和一封回信给Tom Brown，告知你的电话号码是,让他一到中国就给你打 6 / 26 精品文档 电话，你晚上多半都在家。并问他是否需要你帮忙做什么事。 Tom Brown的地址是27Lynch Street, Ny10343New York,。 你的地址是中国北京八中，邮编是100021。 要求:写一封英文信，做到语法正确，表达清楚，还想 直接 翻译 阿房宫赋翻译下载德汉翻译pdf阿房宫赋翻译下载阿房宫赋翻译下载翻译理论.doc 提示内容，但要把提示内容都包括进去。;信封格 式要正确，拼写清楚。 解题思路及参考答案: 以上提示中交代了写信人、收信人双方的地址、姓名， 提供了信件的基本内容。写信时， 一定要注意信件的基本格式，语言的简洁，时态的 正确。 No. Middle School Beijing Jan. 15,0027Lynch Street Ny10343 New York，USA Dear Tom, I’m glad to get your letter. Pleased to learn that you are coming to China soon. My home telephone number is . Please phone me as soon as you arrive in China. I’ll be at home most of the evenings. If there is anything I can do for you, 7 / 26 精品文档 please let me know. Please give my best wishes to your parents. Yours, Li Ming 例假如你是李海，暑假里你和父亲去北京旅游。 几天以后，你给你的同学赵涛写信，向他介绍首都北京及你 们参观长城的情况。 解题思路及参考答案: 这封信主要是介绍首都北京及参观长城的情况，题目的 要求已说得很清楚，关键是遣词造句和信件的格式。此外， 还要注意这封信的时态的运用。 参考答案: July 12,003 Dear Zhao Tao, I’ve been in Beijing for several days. I miss you very much. Does everything go well at home? Now let me tell you something about Beijing. Beijing, our capital, is a very beautiful city. There are too many people, cars and big buildings in Beijing. There are all kinds of shops. They sell all kinds of things. There are lots of places of great interest. Now it’s best time to visit Beijing. Too many travellers have come here. 8 / 26 精品文档 Yesterday my father and I visited the Great Wall. How great! I was very excited when I saw the Great Wall. We took lots of photos. I saw lots of foreigners, and they are very interesting. We enjoyed ourselves very much there. Zhao Tao, have you finished your lessons? I’m going home soon. Please tell my mother not to worry about us. Yours, Li Hai 例 假如你叫李华，在因特网上找到了一个叫David的 网友，现在请你根据下列要点给David写个E-mail，介绍你 自己的一些情况。 李华，中学生，家住在上海; 喜欢集邮和运动; 对英语很感兴趣，会唱不少英文歌曲; 班里内科学也想找网友，希望得到帮助; 想去英国看看。 注意:开头部分已写好，只需接着写。 下面方框中所给的词语可供你选择使用，也可适当增加 一些词语，使所写的 短文正确、连贯。 David, 9 / 26 精品文档 How are you? 解题思路及参考答案: 这是一篇要求写一封电子邮件的试题，邮件的内容已给 出，只需按电子邮件的书写格式把所给的中文内容翻译出 来，并加以润色即可。 参考答案: David, How are you? My name is Li Hua. I’m a middle school student. I’m living in Shanghai now. I like collecting stamps. After school, I often play football or do some other sports. What’s more, I like English very much and I can sing a few English Songs. By the way, some of my classmates want to have their pen friends, too. Can you help us? I haven’t been to any foreign countries yet so I hope I’ll visit your country soon. Best wishes, Li Hua 中考英语作文指导 应用文写作技巧 应用文是 人们日常生活中广泛使用的文体。它最突出的特点是它的实 际应用性，应用文包括很广，如书信、通知、日记、海报、 便条、启事、请柬、电报、 合同 劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载 等。应用文的语言应使用规 范语言，重在实用，力求朴实、准确、简洁。 10 / 26 精品文档 一、书信 书信我们分为两部分:信封和内容。 1、信封的写法。 英语信封正面的左上角，写发信人的姓名和地址。在信封的正面中央偏左一点，写收信人的地址和姓名。 英语信封上的地点名称由小到大，视其长短可占二至五行不等。 寄信人只写姓名，不写头衔。但是，收信人一般都在名字前加上头衔，以示礼貌和尊敬。对于没有官衔和学衔的人士，通常在姓名前写上Mr., Mrs.,或Ms.。 信封的写法，一般来说，很少出现在中考英语的作文中。 2、内容。 英文信一般可以分为下列几个部分。 1)信端即写信人的地址和发信日期。 2)收信人姓名地址 3)称呼 4)信的正文 5)结束语 6)签名 有的时候，出题者会让考生写e-mail。e-mail的写法和书信的写法基本一致。只不过少了书信在信封上的繁琐。 根据中文大意，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50 11 / 26 精品文档 词的短文。 假设你叫王明，昨天收到了笔友David的e-mail，得知 他不久要到北京来学习中文。他想了解如何学好中文。请你 用英文给他回复一封e-mail，介绍学习中文的体会和方法， 提出你的建议，以及表达你帮助他学好中文的愿望。 Dear David, I'm glad you'll come to Beijing to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now. It's difficult for you because it's quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible. It's also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your listening. Do your best to talk with people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. If you have any questions, please ask me. I'm sure you'll learn Chinese well. Hope to see you soon in Beijing. Yours, Wang Ming 二、发言稿 发言稿要注意以下三点: 12 / 26 精品文档 1、发言的地点 2、发言的对象 3、发言的内容。 请看例文: 在一次英语班会上，老师请同学们以 “Proud of My School”为主题发言。请根据下面 所给的提示写一篇发言稿。字数要求在80,100词之间。文 中不得出现真实的人名、地名。 提示:?What does your school look like, ?What fun do you have at school, ?Why do you like your school, Proud of My School My school is very big with several tall buildings. There are，000 students in my school. We have a big playground with lots of trees around it. There are a lot of flowers everywhere. We have lots of fun at school. After class we play games and do lots of sports, like a big family. The teachers in my school are as kind to us as our parents. I feel proud of my school because it is one of the best schools in my heart. 三、通知 13 / 26 精品文档 通知的正文一般都是写在"Notice"以词之下，一般来说 不必写称呼语和结束语。出同时的单位名称可以写在notice 之上，也可以写在正文的右下角。 正文一般采用文章式，有时为了醒目，也可采用广告式。 广告式要力求简明扼要，一个句子可分几行。每行第一个字 母一般要大写。 看例文: 明天全班同学将去参观科学博物馆，由你通知全体同 学。内容如下: 1. 早上8点钟在校门口集合，步行前往。 2. 下星期一交一份有关参观的报告。 3. 参观时要认真听，仔细看并记下有趣的东西。 4. 不可在博物馆内大声喧哗及拍照。 5. 带笔和笔记本。 要求:?不要逐句翻译。 ?字数60,80。 Fellow students， We are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow. We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there on foot. Take your pens and notebooks with you. We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the museum. Please don't make any noise in the 14 / 26 精品文档 museum and don't take any pictures. You'll have to hand in a report about the visit next Monday. 一) 书信 June6th,006 Dear Cathy, I like your program very much. It has a lot of interesting stories, attractive games and popular English songs. From your program we can learn many new words and expressions. We can improve our listening and speaking in English .We can also know more about the culture of other countries in the world. In a word, we learn a lot from your program. I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t follow you easily sometimes because you speak little bit fast. It’s also a pity that we can only watch your program twice a week. Thank you for giving us a lot of fun! I wish your program a bright future ! Yours sincerely WangPing 电子邮件 To: Kayla @hotmail.com Cc: None Subject: Re: Pen-pal wanted Hello, Kayla, 15 / 26 精品文档 I’m Mike. I am 1years old. I’m glad to know that you would like to have a pen-pal. I also want to find a pen-pal from the Internet. When I’m free, I like to listen to the music, go hiking and play basketball. I’ m good at English and art .We can learn from each other and be good friends .I hope to hear from you often. Best wishes. Mike 通知 Notice Attention, please! This is your monitor, Chen Tao. I have something to tell you. This Friday, April1st, we shall go to Stone Field Country Park for this year’s spring trip. The park is in the south of Guangzhou. It’s a very beautiful place. We can see many kinks of plants there. We can also have sports games for fun and BBQ meals in the park. But remember that fire can only be allowed in the barbecue places. 日记 假设今天是2006年3月12日，星期天，天晴。请根据 下面通知内容，用英语写一篇 16 / 26 精品文档 . March 12,2006, SundayFine Today is fine. All our teachers and we students went to plant trees. At in the morning we met outside the school gate. Then we rode our bikes to West Hill. About half past eight, we arrived there. As soon as we got there, some of us dug holes, some put the young trees in the holes, and others carried water and watered the trees. We all worked hard. About 11:30, we left there. Though we were very tired, we felt very happy. 贺卡 电话留言 From: __________ To: __________ Date: ___________ Time: ___________ Message: _________________________________ _______ 寻物启事 Lost I lost/left a key with a brown monkey on the playground .Will the finder/anyone who found it, please come to Class 1,Grade of No.1 Middle School Thank you! 17 / 26 精品文档 Gao Feng 失物招领 请根据以下内容写一则英文失物招领:假设你是市中学 生运动会的一名志愿者，为运动会服务。6月8日上午你在 体育馆捡到一只手表和一套运动服，请失主打电话与你联 系。联系电话:22843215 Found A watch and a suit of sports clothes were found in the gymnasium on the morning of Juneth.Will the owners ring me up? My telephone number is2843215. 请假条 假设你是王刚，请你给外籍教师Mr Brown 写张请假条。 注意请假条格式。内容:明天你要到泉州参加运动会，不能 跟同学们一起去植树，请假一天。 Dear Mr Brown, Tomorrow I will go to Quanzhou to take part in a sports meeting, so I can’t plant trees with my classmates. I will have to ask a day off. Thank you. WangGang 主题发言 Proud of school My school is very big with several tall buildings. 18 / 26 精品文档 There are000 students in my school. We have a big playground with lots of trees around it. There are a lot of flowers everywhere We have lots of fun at school. After class we play games and do lots of sports, like playing basketball, football and table tennis .Sometimes we have class meetings. They are very interesting. I love my school because it’s like a big family. The teachers in my school are as kind to us as our parents. I feel proud of my school because it is one of the best schools in my heart. I want to be an inventor. I would like to try out many ideas and make many machines to change the world. If I want to be an inventor, I should have much knowledge. So now, I must study hard, and do many things all by myself. 海报 七月四日晚上7:30，九年级一班的同学将在他们的教 室里举行毕业晚上。任务一:请你帮他们 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 一张英文海报。 A Party Time:7:30 p.m Date: Julyth Place: Class 1,Grade 任务二:假如你是九年级一班的同学，你能为晚会做些 什么呢, 19 / 26 精品文档 便条 Note Dear Meimei, I came to your house to return your books. But your were out. I have had to leave the books with Lily. Thank you for lending them to me. By the way, we are going to hold an English party on Saturday evening. Please call me if time doesn’t suit. Wei Fang 初 中 英 语 写 作 书信 June6,006 Dear Cathy, I like your program very much. It has a lot of interesting stories, attractive games and popular English songs. From your program we can learn many new words and expressions. We can improve our listening and speaking in English .We can also know more about the culture of other countries in the world. In a word, we learn a lot from your program. 20 / 26 精品文档 I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t follow you easily sometimes because you speak little bit fast. It’s also a pity that we can only watch your program twice a week. Thank you for giving us a lot of fun! I wish your program a bright future ! Yours sincerely WangPing 电子邮件 To: Kayla @hotmail.com Cc: None Subject: Re: Pen-pal wanted Hello, Kayla, I’m Mike. I am 1years old. I’m glad to know that you would like to have a pen-pal. I also want to find a pen-pal from the Internet. When I’m free, I like to listen to the music, go hiking and play basketball. I’ m good at English and art .We can learn from each other and be good friends .I hope to hear from you often. Best wishes. Mike 通知 Notice Attention, please! This is your monitor, Chen Tao. I have something 21 / 26 精品文档 to tell you. This Friday, April1st, we shall go to Stone Field Country Park for this year’s spring trip. The park is in the south of Guangzhou. It’s a very beautiful place. We can see many kinks of plants there. We can also have sports games for fun and BBQ meals in the park. But remember that fire can only be allowed in the barbecue places. th 日记 假设今天是2006年3月12日，星期天，天晴。请根据 下面通知内容，用英语写一篇80个词左右的日记。参考词 汇:ride, arrive, dig a hole, put , carry water, leave, tired . March 12,2006, SundayFine Today is fine. All our teachers and we students went to plant trees. At in the morning we met outside the school gate. Then we rode our bikes to West Hill. About half past eight, we arrived there. As soon as we got there, some of us dug holes, some put the young trees in the holes, and others carried water and watered the trees. We all worked hard. About 11:30, we left there. 22 / 26 精品文档 Though we were very tired, we felt very happy. 贺卡 电话留言 From: __________ To: __________ Date: ___________ Time: ___________ Message: _________________________________ _______ 寻物启事 Lost I lost/left a key with a brown monkey on the playground .Will the finder/anyone who found it, please come to Class 1,Grade of No.1 Middle School Thank you! Gao Feng 失物招领 请根据以下内容写一则英文失物招领:假设你是市中学 生运动会的一名志愿者，为运动会服务。6月8日上午你在 体育馆捡到一只手表和一套运动服，请失主打电话与你联 系。联系电话:22843215 Found A watch and a suit of sports clothes were found in the gymnasium on the morning of Juneth.Will the owners 23 / 26 精品文档 ring me up? My telephone number is2843215. 请假条 假设你是王刚，请你给外籍教师Mr Brown 写张请假条。 注意请假条格式。内容:明天你要到泉州参加运动会，不能 跟同学们一起去植树，请假一天。 Dear Mr Brown, Tomorrow I will go to Quanzhou to take part in a sports meeting, so I can’t plant trees with my classmates. I will have to ask a day off. Thank you. WangGang 主题发言 Proud of school My school is very big with several tall buildings. There are000 students in my school. We have a big playground with lots of trees around it. There are a lot of flowers everywhere We have lots of fun at school. After class we play games and do lots of sports, like playing basketball, football and table tennis .Sometimes we have class meetings. They are very interesting. I love my school because it’s like a big family. The teachers in my school are as kind to us as our 24 / 26 精品文档 parents. I feel proud of my school because it is one of the best schools in my heart. I want to be an inventor. I would like to try out many ideas and make many machines to change the world. If I want to be an inventor, I should have much knowledge. So now, I must study hard, and do many things all by myself. 海报 七月四日晚上7:30，九年级一班的同学将在他们的教 室里举行毕业晚上。任务一:请你帮他们设计一张英文海报。 A Party Time:7:30 p.m Date: Julyth Place: Class 1,Grade 任务二:假如你是九年级一班的同学，你能为晚会做些 什么呢, 便条 Note Dear Meimei, I came to your house to return your books. But your were out. I have had to leave the books with Lily. Thank you for lending them to me. By the way, we are going to hold an English party on Saturday evening. Please call me if time doesn’t suit. 25 / 26 精品文档 Wei Fang 26 / 26