套管成孔灌注桩及端夯扩灌注桩

套管成孔灌注桩及端夯扩灌注桩 套管成孔灌注桩及端夯扩灌注桩 一、一般规定 1、开工时应有工程地质勘探报告，桩位 施工 文明施工目标施工进度表下载283施工进度表下载施工现场晴雨表下载施工日志模板免费下载 平面布置图、桩基结构施工图、桩基施工组织设计技术 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 ; 2、施工场地内地上、地下及空中的障碍物如高压电线、照明线、电杆、电话线、给水管线、排水管网、煤气管道及其它管线等已清除或进行妥善处理。对桩基施工中可能影响到危险房屋、构筑物、精加工车间、精密仪器等应采取可靠的防震保护措施(如设置防震沟、加设支撑等)并在施工前会同有关部门对上述建筑物、构筑物、精密仪器进行认真检测和鉴定，做好 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 ; 3、场地平整无积水，能保证进行正常施工。有良好的地表水排水措施。 4、测量定位放线已经过当地建设规划管理部门验收签证，并已设置桩位标志，水准点引测至施工场地; 5、地内外运输道路畅通，施工用电、用水已接至工地、临时设施已准备就绪。 6、锤击套管适用于粘性土、淤泥质土、砂土和人工填土地基。振动套管成孔机除可用于以上地基外，还可适用于稍密及中密的碎石地基、部分小卵石填土、薄砂层等地质条件。 7、钢筋笼外径应小于桩管内径60~80mm。 8、端夯扩灌注桩一般以底标高及贯入度进行控制。混凝土充盈系数宜通过试桩确定。 9、动测试桩和浇筑基础承台前桩顶以下500mm混凝土应凿去。 二、材料要求 1、水泥:应采用标号不低于425号的硅酸盐水泥、矿渣硅酸盐水泥、火山灰质硅酸盐水泥及粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥。如地下水含有侵蚀性介质，应按侵蚀性介质的种类、浓度等具体情况，按专门规定和设计要求选用相应品种的水泥。 水泥进场应有出厂质量证明书。并应对其品种、标号、包装、出厂日期等检查验收。 diseases General master endocrine diseases in emergency diagnosis and treatment of common diseases. Common endocrine testing of specimens collected requirements. 3. the higher requirements (1) learning content: high blood ... Lesions, peptic ulcer bleeding, bleeding from esophageal varices), hepatitis and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, jaundice, liver abscess, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy, stomach, colon, esophagus, acute pancreatitis, inflammation, colitis, functional dyspepsia, reflux esophagitis. (2) clinical knowledge, skills required: ? clinical knowledge: diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Digest sex ulcer of onset mechanism, and clinical performance, and identification diagnosis, and complications and the processing; chronic gastritis of causes, and diagnosis method, and identification diagnosis and the treatment, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus and gastritis and the ulcer disease of relationship, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus infection of treatment; cirrhosis of onset mechanism, and compensatory period and lost compensatory period of performance; liver sex brain disease, and door pulse high pressure of produced mechanism; abdominal product liquid formed of reasons and the laboratory check of features, and identification method and processing; Identification of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy interstitial difference with acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis and normal processing; emergency treatment of hemorrhage of upper digestive tract. Histamine H2 receptor antagonists and 所用水泥如非省有关部门允许免检使用的水泥，均应进行复查试验。试验合格方可使用。 2、砂:宜用中粗砂，含泥量一般不超过5%，当混凝土强度等级为C30以上时，不宜超过3%，并要求级配良好。 3、外加剂:可根据所施工混凝土要求的特性(早强、缓凝、抗冻、密实)，选用相应的外加剂。掺量按试验确定。 4、钢筋:按设计要求采用，应有出厂质量保证书，并按有关标准取样做机械性能试验，进口钢筋还必须做化学成份 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ，合格后方可使用。 5、石子:卵石粒径不宜大于50mm，碎石粒径不宜大于40mm，配筋桩石子粒径不宜大于30mm，不宜用单粒级配，宜用连续级配，石子最大粒径不应大于钢筋最小净距的1/3。 三、施工机具 1、成孔机械:可采用锤击套管成孔机和振动套管成孔机。 2、桩尖:混凝土桩尖宜用于锤管施工，混凝土强度等级不得低于C30，活瓣式桩尖用于振动套管施工。制作套管时，桩尖应在套管中心，且应有足够强度和刚度，活瓣要收放灵活。 3、其它机具:混凝土搅拌机、运输机械以及钢筋加工机械。 四、套管成孔灌注桩的操作工艺 1、套管成孔灌注桩根据使用桩锤和成桩工艺的不同，分为振动沉管灌注桩和锤击沉管灌注桩两种。其成桩工艺分别如图1、图2所示。 2、套管成孔灌注桩的施工顺序一般从中间开始，向两侧边或向四周进行，对于群桩基础或桩的中心距小于或等于2~3倍桩径时，应间隔进行。 3、在套管上作出控制深度的标记，以便在施工过程中观测沉桩和填料的尺度。 4、套管成孔可采用预制钢筋混凝土桩尖或活瓣桩尖。预制桩尖的混凝土强度等级不得低于同级。采用活瓣式桩尖时，应先将桩尖活瓣用麻绳或竹篾捆紧合拢，活瓣间隙应紧密。活瓣桩尖应有足够强度和刚度。桩管下端与预制桩尖接触处，应垫置缓冲材料。当桩机就位，桩尖中心应与桩管中心线重合，并调整套管垂直度。 diseases General master endocrine diseases in emergency diagnosis and treatment of common diseases. Common endocrine testing of specimens collected requirements. 3. the higher requirements (1) learning content: high blood ... Lesions, peptic ulcer bleeding, bleeding from esophageal varices), hepatitis and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, jaundice, liver abscess, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy, stomach, colon, esophagus, acute pancreatitis, inflammation, colitis, functional dyspepsia, reflux esophagitis. (2) clinical knowledge, skills required: ? clinical knowledge: diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Digest sex ulcer of onset mechanism, and clinical performance, and identification diagnosis, and complications and the processing; chronic gastritis of causes, and diagnosis method, and identification diagnosis and the treatment, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus and gastritis and the ulcer disease of relationship, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus infection of treatment; cirrhosis of onset mechanism, and compensatory period and lost compensatory period of performance; liver sex brain disease, and door pulse high pressure of produced mechanism; abdominal product liquid formed of reasons and the laboratory check of features, and identification method and processing; Identification of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy interstitial difference with acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis and normal processing; emergency treatment of hemorrhage of upper digestive tract. Histamine H2 receptor antagonists and 5、采用预制混凝土桩尖时，应先在桩基中心预埋好桩尖，桩机就位后，吊起套管，对准桩尖，将套管、桩尖、桩锤调整在同一垂线上，且使桩尖与套管密合后，利用锤重及套管自重将桩尖压入土中。 6、开始沉管时应轻击慢振。锤击沉管时，可用收紧钢绳加压或加配重的方式提高沉管效率。当水或泥浆有可能进入桩管时，应事先在管内灌入1.5m左右的封底混凝土。 7、应按设计要求和试桩情况，严格控制沉管最后贯入度。锤击沉管应测最后二陈十击贯入度。振动沉管应测量最后两个2min贯入度。 8、在沉管过程中如出现套管下沉异常(下降量突然增大或沉不下去)，应及时分析原因，进行处理。如判明认为异常是因桩尖穿过硬土层进入软土层引起的，则应继续作业;如异常是因为桩尖顶住孤石或遇到硬土层引起的，则应放慢沉管速度(低锤轻击或慢振)，待越过障碍后再正常沉管。如下沉异常仍未排除，应及时将桩管拔出，核对地质资料，会同有关部门研究处理，等处理后，方可继续施工。 9、套管成孔灌注桩的混凝土强度等级不得低于C15，素混凝土坍落度宜为60~80mm，配筋混凝土坍落度宜为80~100mm。 10、通常的钢筋笼在成孔后埋设，短钢筋笼可在混凝土灌至设计标高时埋设，垂直缓缓下降，在混凝土桩顶采用构造连接插筋时，必须沿周围对称垂直插入。 11、套管成孔桩混凝土充盈系数(实际灌注混凝土量与理论计算量之比)一般土质为1.1，软土为1.2~1.3在施工中可根据充盈系数，计算出单桩混凝土需用量，并析合成料斗浇灌次数，以核对混凝土实际浇灌量。当实际充盈系数小于理论充盈系数时，应采用作桩复打. 12、桩顶混凝土一般宜高于设计标高200mm左右，待以后施工承台时再凿除。如设计有规定，应按设计要求施工。 13、浇灌混凝土和拔管时应保证混凝土质量，在测得混凝土确已流出桩管后，才能继续拔管。每次拔管高度应以能容纳吊斗一次所灌注的混凝土为限，并边拔边灌。在任何情况下，套管内应保持不少于2m高度的混凝土，在拔管过程中，应专人用测锤或浮标检查管内混凝土下降情况，一次不应拔得过高。 diseases General master endocrine diseases in emergency diagnosis and treatment of common diseases. Common endocrine testing of specimens collected requirements. 3. the higher requirements (1) learning content: high blood ... Lesions, peptic ulcer bleeding, bleeding from esophageal varices), hepatitis and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, jaundice, liver abscess, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy, stomach, colon, esophagus, acute pancreatitis, inflammation, colitis, functional dyspepsia, reflux esophagitis. (2) clinical knowledge, skills required: ? clinical knowledge: diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Digest sex ulcer of onset mechanism, and clinical performance, and identification diagnosis, and complications and the processing; chronic gastritis of causes, and diagnosis method, and identification diagnosis and the treatment, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus and gastritis and the ulcer disease of relationship, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus infection of treatment; cirrhosis of onset mechanism, and compensatory period and lost compensatory period of performance; liver sex brain disease, and door pulse high pressure of produced mechanism; abdominal product liquid formed of reasons and the laboratory check of features, and identification method and processing; Identification of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy interstitial difference with acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis and normal processing; emergency treatment of hemorrhage of upper digestive tract. Histamine H2 receptor antagonists and 14、锤击沉管、拔管应符合下列规定: (1)套管内灌入混凝土后，拔管速度应均匀，锤击沉管时应为0.8~1.2m/min，振动沉管时，对用预制桩尖者，不宜大于4m/min，用活瓣桩尖者，不宜大于2.5m/min。对一般土层不宜大于1 m/min，在软弱土层及软硬土层交界处宜控制在0.3~0.8 m/min。 (2)采用倒打拔管的打击次数，单动汽锤不得小于70次/min，自由落锤轻击(小落距锤击)不得小于50次/min，在管底未拔到桩顶设计标高之前，倒打或轻击不得中断。 15、振动沉管拔管方法可根据地基土具体情况，分别选用单打法或反插法进行。 (1)单打法:适用于含水量较小土层，套管内灌入混凝土后，边振边拔，如此反复，直至套管全部拔出。在一般土层中拔管速度宜为1.2~1.5m/min，在软弱土层中宜为0.6~0.8m/min; (2)反插法:适用于饱和土层，当套管内灌入混凝土后，先振动再开始拔管，每次拔管高度为0.5~1m，反插深度0.3~0.5m，同时不宜大于活瓣桩尖长度的2/3。拔管过程中应分段添加混凝土，保护管内混凝土面始终不低于地表面，或高于地下水位1~1.5m，拔管速度控制在0.5m/min以内，在桩尖接近持力层处约1.5m范围内宜多次反插以扩大桩的端部面积。当穿过淤泥夹层时，适当放慢拔管速度，减少拔管和插深度。反插法易使泥浆混入桩内造成夹泥桩，施工中应慎重采用。 16、套管成孔灌注桩施工时，观测桩顶和地面有无水平位移及隆起，必要时采取措施及时处理。 17、桩身混凝土浇注后有必要复打时，必须在原桩基混凝土初凝前在原桩位上重新安装桩尖，沉管后每次灌入混凝土量应达到自然地面高，不得少灌。拔管过程中应及时清除桩管处壁和地面上的污泥。前后两次沉管的轴线必须重合。 18、端夯扩灌注桩成桩工序: (1)在桩位上堆放与桩身相同强度等级的封底止淤干拌混凝土; (2)放下装有内夯管和加长节的外管并对准桩位; (3)锤击管顶使内外管底沉到设计标高; diseases General master endocrine diseases in emergency diagnosis and treatment of common diseases. Common endocrine testing of specimens collected requirements. 3. the higher requirements (1) learning content: high blood ... Lesions, peptic ulcer bleeding, bleeding from esophageal varices), hepatitis and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, jaundice, liver abscess, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy, stomach, colon, esophagus, acute pancreatitis, inflammation, colitis, functional dyspepsia, reflux esophagitis. (2) clinical knowledge, skills required: ? clinical knowledge: diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Digest sex ulcer of onset mechanism, and clinical performance, and identification diagnosis, and complications and the processing; chronic gastritis of causes, and diagnosis method, and identification diagnosis and the treatment, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus and gastritis and the ulcer disease of relationship, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus infection of treatment; cirrhosis of onset mechanism, and compensatory period and lost compensatory period of performance; liver sex brain disease, and door pulse high pressure of produced mechanism; abdominal product liquid formed of reasons and the laboratory check of features, and identification method and processing; Identification of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy interstitial difference with acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis and normal processing; emergency treatment of hemorrhage of upper digestive tract. Histamine H2 receptor antagonists and (4)拔出内夯管，卸下加长节(节长=C值); (5)灌入高度等于H值的混凝土(H—设计扩大头体积的混凝土); (6)外管拔起值高度(H—设计拔管高度); (7)放下并锤击内夯管，使管内混凝土全部挤出外管下口，继续夯击直至外管重新沉到设计桩底标高; (8)拔出内夯管，装上外管加长节及混凝土加料斗，灌注桩身混凝土(设有钢筋笼的桩，应在施工方案中说明放置钢筋的高度位置); (9)卸下料斗，降下内夯管，在锤和内夯管自重压位管内混凝土后，徐徐拔起外管，直至外管拔出地面。 19、观察内夯管底面地干湿程度，判断止淤质量。确认止淤合格后，应尽快灌注混凝土，放入内夯管利用内夯管上的标尺复出H值，确保扩大头混凝土灌入量。通过外管管身标尺控制拔起值，根据试桩确定灌注充盈系数，其值不得小于1。达不到1时采取拔出部分外管增加灌入量，满足充盈系数:一般土为1.1，软土为1.2~1.3。 20、沉、拔管施工应遵守下列规定: (1)宜按桩基施工流水顺序，具备退打条件时要依次向后退打，对群桩基础或桩的中心距小于4倍桩径时，应订出不影响邻桩质量的技术措施; (2)桩管正确对位、校正垂直度，注意锤击不得偏心; (3)拔外管速度宜慢且均匀，做好预防内夯管被拔起的制动措施; (4)施工过程中若遇异常情况，及时研究处理并做好施工记录。 21、混凝土的配制、运输、浇灌、质检等必须遵守《混凝土结构 工程施工 建筑工程施工承包1园林工程施工准备消防工程安全技术交底水电安装文明施工建筑工程施工成本控制 及验收规范》(GB50204—92)有关规定。 22、采用钢筋笼时，其外径至少比桩管内径小60mm。若采用构造连接插筋方案，插筋时沿桩周对称均匀、垂直插入。 六、质量标准 1、套管成孔灌注桩的允许偏差和检验方法见下表的规定: 套管成孔灌注桩的允许偏差和检验方法 项允许偏差 项 目 检验方法 次 (mm) diseases General master endocrine diseases in emergency diagnosis and treatment of common diseases. Common endocrine testing of specimens collected requirements. 3. the higher requirements (1) learning content: high blood ... Lesions, peptic ulcer bleeding, bleeding from esophageal varices), hepatitis and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, jaundice, liver abscess, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy, stomach, colon, esophagus, acute pancreatitis, inflammation, colitis, functional dyspepsia, reflux esophagitis. (2) clinical knowledge, skills required: ? clinical knowledge: diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Digest sex ulcer of onset mechanism, and clinical performance, and identification diagnosis, and complications and the processing; chronic gastritis of causes, and diagnosis method, and identification diagnosis and the treatment, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus and gastritis and the ulcer disease of relationship, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus infection of treatment; cirrhosis of onset mechanism, and compensatory period and lost compensatory period of performance; liver sex brain disease, and door pulse high pressure of produced mechanism; abdominal product liquid formed of reasons and the laboratory check of features, and identification method and processing; Identification of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy interstitial difference with acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis and normal processing; emergency treatment of hemorrhage of upper digestive tract. Histamine H2 receptor antagonists and 主筋间距 ?10 箍筋间距 ?20 1 钢筋笼 长 度 ?100 尺量检查 直 径 ?10 60~80 钢筋笼外径比套管内径小 70 1~2根或单排桩 D/2 3~20根桩基的桩 拉线和 2 平面位置偏移 尺量检查 D/2 边缘桩 桩数多于20根 D 中间桩 吊线和 3 H/100 垂 直 度 尺量检查 注:D为桩的直径，H为桩长。 2、桩的实际浇注混凝土量不得小于桩孔计算体积，其两者之比(充盈系数)一般土质为1.1，软土地层时应为1.2~1.3。成桩后混凝土试块强度或抽芯检验的混凝土试样强度，均应符合设计要求。 3、桩身混凝土不得有缩颈、夹泥、松疏和断桩等现象。 4、基础工程验收时应提交下列资料: (1)桩位测量放线复测记录或平面图; (2)材料检验、试块试压记录; (3)桩的施工记录或施工记录汇总表; (4)隐蔽工程验收记录; (5)设计变更通知书、事故处理记录汇总表; (6)桩基竣工平面图。 diseases General master endocrine diseases in emergency diagnosis and treatment of common diseases. Common endocrine testing of specimens collected requirements. 3. the higher requirements (1) learning content: high blood ... Lesions, peptic ulcer bleeding, bleeding from esophageal varices), hepatitis and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, jaundice, liver abscess, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy, stomach, colon, esophagus, acute pancreatitis, inflammation, colitis, functional dyspepsia, reflux esophagitis. (2) clinical knowledge, skills required: ? clinical knowledge: diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Digest sex ulcer of onset mechanism, and clinical performance, and identification diagnosis, and complications and the processing; chronic gastritis of causes, and diagnosis method, and identification diagnosis and the treatment, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus and gastritis and the ulcer disease of relationship, Helicobacter pylori spiral Bacillus infection of treatment; cirrhosis of onset mechanism, and compensatory period and lost compensatory period of performance; liver sex brain disease, and door pulse high pressure of produced mechanism; abdominal product liquid formed of reasons and the laboratory check of features, and identification method and processing; Identification of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy interstitial difference with acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis and normal processing; emergency treatment of hemorrhage of upper digestive tract. Histamine H2 receptor antagonists and