北师大八年级数学上册知识点总结

北师大八年级数学上册知识点总结 八年级上册 第一章 勾股定理 一、勾股定理 222直角三角形两直角边a，b的平方和等于斜边c的平方，即 a，b,c 二、勾股定理的逆定理 222如果三角形的三边长a，b，c有关系，那么这个三角形是直角三角形。 a，b,c 三、勾股数 222满足的三个正整数，称为勾股数。常见的勾股数组有:(3，4，5);(5，12，13);(8，a，b,c15，17);(7，24，25);(20，21，29);(9，40，41);„„(这些勾股数组的倍数仍是勾股数) 学而知文化 培训 焊锡培训资料ppt免费下载焊接培训教程 ppt 下载特设培训下载班长管理培训下载培训时间表下载 学校八年级数学教辅 第二章 实数 一、实数的概念及分类 1、实数的分类 ,自然数(0,1,2,3？) ,,整数 ,,,负整数(,1,,2,,3？) ,,, ,12,、、有理数(整数有限小数无限循环小数),, 正分数(,？),, 23,,分数(小数),实数2、无理数:无限不循环小数叫做无理数。 ,12,,？负分数(,,,)在理解无理数时，要抓住“无限不循环”,,23,,这一时之，归纳起来有四类: ,3(1)开方开不尽的数，如等; 7,2,(2)有特定意义的数，如圆周率π，或化简后含有π的数，π正有理数,,如+8等; 无理数(无限不循环小数),,,3(3)有特定结构的数，如0.1010010001„等; 负有理数o,(4)某些三角函数值，如sin60等 二、实数的倒数、相反数和绝对值 1、相反数 实数与它的相反数时一对数(只有符号不同的两个数叫做互为相反数，零的相反数是零)，从数轴上看， 互为相反数的两个数所对应的点关于原点对称，如果a与b互为相反数，则有a+b=0，a=—b，反之亦成立。 2、绝对值 在数轴上，一个数所对应的点与原点的距离，叫做该数的绝对值。(|a|?0)。零的绝对值是它本身，也可看成它的相反数，若|a|=a，则a?0;若|a|=-a，则a?0。 3、倒数 如果a与b互为倒数，则有ab=1，反之亦成立。倒数等于本身的数是1和-1。零没有倒数。 4、数轴 规定 关于下班后关闭电源的规定党章中关于入党时间的规定公务员考核规定下载规定办法文件下载宁波关于闷顶的规定 了原点、正方向和单位长度的直线叫做数轴(画数轴时，要注意上述规定的三要素缺一不可)。 解 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 时要真正掌握数形结合的思想，理解实数与数轴的点是一一对应的，并能灵活运用。 5、估算 三、平方根、算数平方根和立方根 21、算术平方根:一般地，如果一个正数x的平方等于a，即x=a，那么这个正数x就叫做a的算术平方根。特别地，0的算术平方根是0。 a表示 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 :记作“”，读作根号a。 性质:正数和零的算术平方根都只有一个，零的算术平方根是零。 22、平方根:一般地，如果一个数x的平方等于a，即x=a，那么这个数x就叫做a的平方根(或二次方根)。 ,a表示方法:正数a的平方根记做“”，读作“正、负根号a”。 性质:一个正数有两个平方根，它们互为相反数;零的平方根是零;负数没有平方根。 开平方:求一个数a的平方根的运算，叫做开平方。 a,0 a 注意的双重非负性: a 0 ,3、立方根 3一般地，如果一个数x的立方等于a，即x=a那么这个数x就叫做a 的立方根(或三次方根)。 3a表示方法:记作 性质:一个正数有一个正的立方根;一个负数有一个负的立方根;零的立方根是零。 33,a,,a注意:，这说明三次根号内的负号可以移到根号外面。 四、实数大小的比较 1、实数比较大小:正数大于零，负数小于零，正数大于一切负数;数轴上的两个点所表示的数，右边的总 比左边的大;两个负数，绝对值大的反而小。 2、实数大小比较的几种常用方法 (1)数轴比较:在数轴上表示的两个数，右边的数总比左边的数大。 (2)求差比较:设a、b是实数， a,b,0,a,b, a,b,0,a,b,a,b,0,a,b aaa(3)求商比较法:设a、b是两正实数， ,1,a,b;,1,a,b;,1,a,b;bbb(4)绝对值比较法:设a、b是两负实数，则。 a,b,a,b22(5)平方法:设a、b是两负实数，则。 a,b,a,b 五、算术平方根有关计算(二次根式) 1、含有二次根号“”;被开方数a必须是非负数。 、性质: 22(1) (a),a(a,0) a(a,0)2a,a,(2) ,a(a,0)(3) () ab,a,b(a,0,b,0)a,b,ab(a,0,b,0)aaaa(4) () ,(a,0,b,0),(a,0,b,0)bb3、运算结果若含有“a”形式，必须满足 bb(1)被开方数的因数是整数，因式是整式; (2)被开方数中不含能开得尽方的因数或因式 六、实数的运算 (1)六种运算:加、减、乘、除、乘方 、开方 (2)实数的运算顺序 先算乘方和开方，再算乘除，最后算加减，如果有括号，就先算括号里面的。 (3)运算律 a，b,b，a加法交换律 加法结合律 (a，b)，c,a，(b，c)ab,ba乘法交换律 乘法结合律 (ab)c,a(bc) 乘法对加法的分配律 a(b，c),ab，ac 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 第三章 图形的平移与旋转 一、平移 1、定义 在平面内，将一个图形整体沿某方向移动一定的距离，这样的图形运动称为平移。 2、性质 平移前后两个图形是全等图形，对应点连线平行且相等，对应线段平行且相等，对应角相等。 二、旋转 1、定义 在平面内，将一个图形绕某一定点沿某个方向转动一个角度，这样的图形运动称为旋转，这个定点称 为旋转中心，转动的角叫做旋转角。 2、性质 旋转前后两个图形是全等图形，对应点到旋转中心的距离相等，对应点与旋转中心的连线所成的角等 于旋转角。 第四章 四边形性质探索 一、四边形的相关概念 1、四边形 在同一平面内，由不在同一直线上的四条线段首尾顺次相接组成的图形叫做四边形。 2、四边形具有不稳定性 、四边形的内角和定理及外角和定理 3 四边形的内角和定理:四边形的内角和等于360?。 四边形的外角和定理:四边形的外角和等于360?。 推论:多边形的内角和定理:n边形的内角和等于180?; (n,2), 多边形的外角和定理:任意多边形的外角和等于360?。 n(n,3)6、设多边形的边数为n，则多边形的对角线共有条。从n边形的一个顶点出发能引(n-3)2条对角线，将n边形分成(n-2)个三角形。 二、平行四边形 1、平行四边形的定义 两组对边分别平行的四边形叫做平行四边形。 2、平行四边形的性质 (1)平行四边形的对边平行且相等。 (2)平行四边形相邻的角互补，对角相等 (3)平行四边形的对角线互相平分。 (4)平行四边形是中心对称图形，对称中心是对角线的交点。 常用点:(1)若一直线过平行四边形两对角线的交点，则这条直线被一组对边截下的线段的中点是对角 线的交点，并且这条直线二等分此平行四边形的面积。 2)推论:夹在两条平行线间的平行线段相等。 (3、平行四边形的判定 (1)定义:两组对边分别平行的四边形是平行四边形 (2)定理1:两组对角分别相等的四边形是平行四边形 (3)定理2:两组对边分别相等的四边形是平行四边形 (4)定理3:对角线互相平分的四边形是平行四边形 (5)定理4:一组对边平行且相等的四边形是平行四边形 4、两条平行线的距离 两条平行线中，一条直线上的任意一点到另一条直线的距离，叫做这两条平行线的距离。 平行线间的距离处处相等。 5、平行四边形的面积 S=底边长×高=ah 平行四边形 三、矩形 1、矩形的定义 有一个角是直角的平行四边形叫做矩形。 2、矩形的性质 (1)矩形的对边平行且相等 (2)矩形的四个角都是直角 (3)矩形的对角线相等且互相平分 (4)矩形既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形;对称中心是对角线的交点(对称中心到矩形四个顶点的距离 相等);对称轴有两条，是对边中点连线所在的直线。 3、矩形的判定 (1)定义:有一个角是直角的平行四边形是矩形 (2)定理1:有三个角是直角的四边形是矩形 (3)定理2:对角线相等的平行四边形是矩形 4、矩形的面积 S=长×宽=ab 矩形 四、菱形 1、菱形的定义 有一组邻边相等的平行四边形叫做菱形 2、菱形的性质 (1)菱形的四条边相等，对边平行 (2)菱形的相邻的角互补，对角相等 (3)菱形的对角线互相垂直平分，并且每一条对角线平分一组对角 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 (4)菱形既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形;对称中心是对角线的交点(对称中心到菱形四条边的距离相等);对称轴有两条，是对角线所在的直线。 3、菱形的判定 (1)定义:有一组邻边相等的平行四边形是菱形 (2)定理1:四边都相等的四边形是菱形 (3)定理2:对角线互相垂直的平行四边形是菱形 4、菱形的面积 S=底边长×高=两条对角线乘积的一半 菱形 五、正方形 1、正方形的定义 有一组邻边相等并且有一个角是直角的平行四边形叫做正方形。 2、正方形的性质 (1)正方形四条边都相等，对边平行 (2)正方形的四个角都是直角 (3)正方形的两条对角线相等，并且互相垂直平分，每一条对角线平分一组对角 (4)正方形既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形;对称中心是对角线的交点;对称轴有四条，是对角线所在的直线和对边中点连线所在的直线。 3、正方形的判定 判定一个四边形是正方形的主要依据是定义，途径有两种: 先证它是矩形，再证它是菱形。 先证它是菱形，再证它是矩形。 4、正方形的面积 2设正方形边长为a，对角线长为b b2a,S= 正方形2 六、梯形 (一) 1、梯形的相关概念 一组对边平行而另一组对边不平行的四边形叫做梯形。 梯形中平行的两边叫做梯形的底，通常把较短的底叫做上底，较长的底叫做下底。 梯形中不平行的两边叫做梯形的腰。 梯形的两底的距离叫做梯形的高。 2、梯形的判定 (1)定义:一组对边平行而另一组对边不平行的四边形是梯形。 (2)一组对边平行且不相等的四边形是梯形。 (二)直角梯形的定义:一腰垂直于底的梯形叫做直角梯形。 一般地，梯形的分类如下: 一般梯形 梯形 直角梯形 特殊梯形 等腰梯形 (三)等腰梯形 1、等腰梯形的定义 两腰相等的梯形叫做等腰梯形。 2、等腰梯形的性质 (1)等腰梯形的两腰相等，两底平行。 (2)等腰梯形同一底上的两个角相等，同一腰上的两个角互补。 (3)等腰梯形的对角线相等。 (4)等腰梯形是轴对称图形，它只有一条对称轴，即两底的垂直平分线。 3、等腰梯形的判定 (1)定义:两腰相等的梯形是等腰梯形 (2)定理:在同一底上的两个角相等的梯形是等腰梯形 (3)对角线相等的梯形是等腰梯形。(选择题和填空题可直接用) (四)梯形的面积 1S,(CD，AB),DE(1)如图， 梯形ABCD2(2)梯形中有关图形的面积: S,S?; ,ABD,BACS,S?; ,AOD,BOCS,S? ,ADC,BCD 七、有关中点四边形问题的知识点 (1)顺次连接任意四边形的四边中点所得的四边形是平行四边形; (2)顺次连接矩形的四边中点所得的四边形是菱形; (3)顺次连接菱形的四边中点所得的四边形是矩形; (4)顺次连接等腰梯形的四边中点所得的四边形是菱形; (5)顺次连接对角线相等的四边形四边中点所得的四边形是菱形; (6)顺次连接对角线互相垂直的四边形四边中点所得的四边形是矩形; (7)顺次连接对角线互相垂直且相等的四边形四边中点所得的四边形是正方形; 八、中心对称图形 1、定义 在平面内，一个图形绕某个点旋转180?，如果旋转前后的图形互相重合，那么这个图形叫做中心对称 图形，这个点叫做它的对称中心。 2、性质 (1)关于中心对称的两个图形是全等形。 (2)关于中心对称的两个图形，对称点连线都经过对称中心，并且被对称中心平分。 (3)关于中心对称的两个图形，对应线段平行(或在同一直线上)且相等。 3、判定 如果两个图形的对应点连线都经过某一点，并且被这一点平分，那么这两个图形关于这一点对称。 九、四边形、矩形、菱形、正方形、梯形、等腰梯形、直角梯形的关系图 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 第五章 位置的确定 一、确定位置 1、 在平面内，确定物体的位置一般需要两个数据。 二、平面直角坐标系及有关概念 1、平面直角坐标系 在平面内，两条互相垂直且有公共原点的数轴，组成平面直角坐标系。其中，水平的数轴叫做x轴或横轴，取向右为正方向;铅直的数轴叫做y轴或纵轴，取向上为正方向;x轴和y轴统称坐标轴。它们的公共原点O称为直角坐标系的原点;建立了直角坐标系的平面，叫做坐标平面。 2、为了便于描述坐标平面内点的位置，把坐标平面被x轴和y轴分割而成的四个部分，分别叫做第一象限、第二象限、第三象限、第四象限。 注意:x轴和y轴上的点(坐标轴上的点)，不属于任何一个象限。 3、点的坐标的概念 对于平面内任意一点P,过点P分别x轴、y轴向作垂线，垂足在上x轴、y轴对应的数a，b分别叫做点P的横坐标、纵坐标，有序数对(a，b)叫做点P的坐标。 点的坐标用(a，b)表示，其顺序是横坐标在前，纵坐标在后，中间有“，”分开，横、纵坐标的位 a,b置不能颠倒。平面内点的坐标是有序实数对，当时，(a，b)和(b，a)是两个不同点的坐标。 平面内点的与有序实数对是一一对应的。 4、不同位置的点的坐标的特征 (1)、各象限内点的坐标的特征 点P(x,y)在第一象限 ,x,0,y,0点P(x,y)在第二象限 ,x,0,y,0 点P(x,y)在第三象限 ,x,0,y,0 点P(x,y)在第四象限,x,0,y,0(2)、坐标轴上的点的特征 点P(x,y)在x轴上，x为任意实数 ,y,0,x,0点P(x,y)在y轴上，y为任意实数 点P(x,y)既在x轴上，又在y轴上x，y同时为零，即点P坐标为(0，0)即原点 , (3)、两条坐标轴夹角平分线上点的坐标的特征 点P(x,y)在第一、三象限夹角平分线(直线y=x)上x与y相等 ,点P(x,y)在第二、四象限夹角平分线上x与y互为相反数 , (4)、和坐标轴平行的直线上点的坐标的特征 位于平行于x轴的直线上的各点的纵坐标相同。 位于平行于y轴的直线上的各点的横坐标相同。 (5)、关于x轴、y轴或原点对称的点的坐标的特征 点P与点p’关于x轴对称横坐标相等，纵坐标互为相反数，即点P(x，y)关于x轴的对称点为,P’(x，-y) 点P与点p’关于y轴对称纵坐标相等，横坐标互为相反数，即点P(x，y)关于y轴的对称点为,P’(-x，y) 点P与点p’关于原点对称横、纵坐标均互为相反数，即点P(x，y)关于原点的对称点为P’(-x，, -y) (6)、点到坐标轴及原点的距离 点P(x,y)到坐标轴及原点的距离: y(1)点P(x,y)到x轴的距离等于 x(2)点P(x,y)到y轴的距离等于 22x，y(3)点P(x,y)到原点的距离等于 三、坐标变化与图形变化的规律 坐标( x ， y )的变化 图形的变化 x × a或 y × a 被横向或纵向拉长(压缩)为原来的 a倍 x × a， y × a 放大(缩小)为原来的 a倍 x ×( -1)或 y ×( -1) 关于 y 轴或 x 轴对称 x ×( -1)， y ×( -1) 关于原点成中心对称 x +a或 y+ a 沿 x 轴或 y 轴平移 a个单位 x +a， y+ a 沿 x 轴平移 a个单位，再沿 y 轴平移 a个单 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 第六章 一次函数 一、函数: 一般地，在某一变化过程中有两个变量x与y，如果给定一个x值，相应地就确定了一个y值，那么 我们称y是x的函数，其中x是自变量，y是因变量。 二、自变量取值范围 使函数有意义的自变量的取值的全体，叫做自变量的取值范围。一般从整式(取全体实数)，分式(分 母不为0)、二次根式(被开方数为非负数)、实际意义几方面考虑。 三、函数的三种表示法及其优缺点 (1)关系式(解析)法 两个变量间的函数关系，有时可以用一个含有这两个变量及数字运算符号的等式表示，这种表示法叫做关系式(解析)法。 (2)列表法 把自变量x的一系列值和函数y的对应值列成一个表来表示函数关系，这种表示法叫做列表法。 (3)图象法 用图象表示函数关系的方法叫做图象法。 四、由函数关系式画其图像的一般步骤 (1)列表:列表给出自变量与函数的一些对应值 (2)描点:以表中每对对应值为坐标，在坐标平面内描出相应的点 (3)连线:按照自变量由小到大的顺序，把所描各点用平滑的曲线连接起来。 五、正比例函数和一次函数 1、正比例函数和一次函数的概念 一般地，若两个变量x，y间的关系可以表示成(k，b为常数，k0)的形式，则称yy,kx，b,是x的一次函数(x为自变量，y为因变量)。 特别地，当一次函数中的b=0时(即)(k为常数，k0)，称y是x的正比例y,kx，by,kx, 函数。 2、一次函数的图像: 所有一次函数的图像都是一条直线 3、一次函数、正比例函数图像的主要特征: 一次函数的图像是经过点(0，b)的直线;正比例函数的图像是经过原点(0，y,kx，by,kx0)的直线。 k的符号 b的符号 函数图像 图像特征 y 图像经过一、二、三象限，y随xb>0 0 x 的增大而增大。 k>0 y 图像经过一、三、四象限，y随xb<0 0 x 的增大而增大。 y 图像经过一、二、四象限，y随xK<0 b>0 的增大而减小 0 x y 图像经过二、三、四象限，y随xb<0 的增大而减小。 0 x 注:当b=0时，一次函数变为正比例函数，正比例函数是一次函数的特例。 4、正比例函数的性质 一般地，正比例函数有下列性质: y,kx(1)当k>0时，图像经过第一、三象限，y随x的增大而增大; (2)当k<0时，图像经过第二、四象限，y随x的增大而减小。 5、一次函数的性质 一般地，一次函数有下列性质: y,kx，b (1)当k>0时，y随x的增大而增大 (2)当k<0时，y随x的增大而减小 6、正比例函数和一次函数解析式的确定 确定一个正比例函数，就是要确定正比例函数定义式(k0)中的常数k。确定一个一次函y,kx,数，需要确定一次函数定义式(k0)中的常数k和b。解这类问题的一般方法是待定系y,kx，b,数法。 7、一次函数与一元一次方程的关系: 任何一个一元一次方程都可转化为:kx+b=0(k、b为常数，k?0)的形式( 而一次函数解析式形式正是y=kx+b(k、b为常数，k?0)(当函数值为0时，•即kx+b=0就与一元一次方程完全相同( 结论:由于任何一元一次方程都可转化为kx+b=0(k、b为常数，k?0)的形式(所以解一元一次方程可以转化为:当一次函数值为0时，求相应的自变量的值( 从图象上看，这相当于已知直线y=kx+b确定它与x轴交点的横坐标值( 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 第七章 二元一次方程组 一、二元一次方程 1、二元一次方程 含有两个未知数，并且所含未知数的项的次数都是1的整式方程叫做二元一次方程。 2、二元一次方程的解 适合一个二元一次方程的一组未知数的值，叫做这个二元一次方程的一个解。 二、二元一次方程组 1、含有两个未知数的两个一次方程所组成的一组方程，叫做二元一次方程组。 2、二元一次方程组的解 二元一次方程组中各个方程的公共解，叫做这个二元一次方程组的解。 3、二元一次方程组的解法 (1)代入(消元)法 (2)加减(消元)法 4、一次函数与二元一次方程(组)的关系: (1)一次函数与二元一次方程的关系: 直线y=kx+b上任意一点的坐标都是它所对应的二元一次方程kx- y+b=0的解 (2)一次函数与二元一次方程组的关系: 二元一次方程组 的解可看作两个一次函数 ac11ax，by,c,111y,,x， 1,bb 11axbyc，,222,和 的图象的交点。 ac22y,,x， 1bb当函数图象有交点时，说明相应的二元一次方程组有解;当函数图象(直线)平行即无交点时，说明22相应的二元一次方程组无解。 第八章 数据的代表 1、刻画数据的集中趋势(平均水平)的量:平均数 、众数、中位数 2、平均数 1(1)平均数:一般地，对于n个数我们把叫做这n个数的算术平均(x，x，？，x)x,x,？,x,12n12nn数，简称平均数，记为。 x)加权平均数: (2 3、众数 一组数据中出现次数最多的那个数据叫做这组数据的众数。 4、中位数 一般地，将一组数据按大小顺序排列，处于最中间位置的一个数据(或最中间两个数据的平均数)叫做这组数据的中位数。 北师大版《数学》(八年级下册)知识点总结 第一章 一元一次不等式和一元一次不等式组 一. 不等关系 ※1. 一般地,用符号“<”(或“?”), “>”(或“?”)连接的式子叫做不等式. ?2. 要区别方程与不等式: 方程表示的是相等的关系;不等式表示的是不相等的关系. ※3. 准确“翻译”不等式,正确理解“非负数”、“不小于”等数学术语. 非负数 <===> 大于等于0(?0) <===> 0和正数 <===> 不小于0 非正数 <===> 小于等于0(?0) <===> 0和负数 <===> 不大于0 二. 不等式的基本性质 ※1. 掌握不等式的基本性质,并会灵活运用: (1) 不等式的两边加上(或减去)同一个整式,不等号的方向不变,即: 如果a>b,那么a+c>b+c, a-c>b-c. (2) 不等式的两边都乘以(或除以)同一个正数,不等号的方向不变,即 ab,那么ac>bc, . 如果a>b,并且c>0,cc(3) 不等式的两边都乘以(或除以)同一个负数,不等号的方向改变,即: ab,如果a>b,并且c<0,那么acb,那么a-b是正数;反过来,如果a-b是正数,那么a>b; 如果a=b,那么a-b等于0;反过来,如果a-b等于0,那么a=b; 如果ab <===> a-b>0 a=b <===> a-b=0 a a-b<0 (由此可见,要比较两个实数的大小,只要考察它们的差就可以了. 三. 不等式的解集: ※1. 能使不等式成立的未知数的值,叫做不等式的解;一个不等式的所有解,组成这个不等式的解集;求不等式的解集的过程,叫做解不等式. ※2. 不等式的解可以有无数多个,一般是在某个范围内的所有数,与方程的解不同. ?3. 不等式的解集在数轴上的表示: 用数轴表示不等式的解集时,要确定边界和方向: ?边界:有等号的是实心圆圈,无等号的是空心圆圈; ?方向:大向右,小向左 四. 一元一次不等式: ※1. 只含有一个未知数,且含未知数的式子是整式,未知数的次数是1. 像这样的不等式叫做一元一次 不等式. ※2. 解一元一次不等式的过程与解一元一次方程类似,特别要注意,当不等式两边都乘以一个负数时,不等号要改变方向. ※3. 解一元一次不等式的步骤: ?去分母; ?去括号; ?移项; ?合并同类项; ?系数化为1(不等号的改变问题) ※4. 一元一次不等式基本情形为ax>b(或ax0时,解为; a?当a=0时,且b<0,则x取一切实数; 当a=0时,且b?0,则无解; bx,?当a<0时, 解为; a?5. 不等式应用的探索(利用不等式解决实际问题) 列不等式解应用题基本步骤与列方程解应用题相类似,即: 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 ?审: 认真审题,找出题中的不等关系,要抓住题中的关键字眼,如“大于”、“小于”、“不大于”、“不小于”等含义; ?设: 设出适当的未知数; ?列: 根据题中的不等关系,列出不等式; ?解: 解出所列的不等式的解集; ?答: 写出答案,并检验答案是否符合题意. 五. 一元一次不等式与一次函数 六. 一元一次不等式组 ※1. 定义: 由含有一个相同未知数的几个一元一次不等式组成的不等式组,叫做一元一次不等式组. ※2. 一元一次不等式组中各个不等式解集的公共部分叫做不等式组的解集.如果这些不等式的就说这个不等式组无解. 解集无公共部分, 几个不等式解集的公共部分,通常是利用数轴来确定. ※3. 解一元一次不等式组的步骤: (1)分别求出不等式组中各个不等式的解集; (2)利用数轴求出这些解集的公共部分,即这个不等式组的解集. 两个一元一次不等式组的解集的四种情况(a、b为实数,且ab 两大取较大 ,x,b, ax,ab, x>a 两小取小 ,x,b, ax,ab, a 公式 小学单位换算公式大全免费下载公式下载行测公式大全下载excel公式下载逻辑回归公式下载 法 ※1. 如果把乘法公式反过来,就可以用来把某些多项式分解因式.这种分解因式的方法叫做运用公式 法. ※2. 主要公式: 22(1)平方差公式: a,b,(a，b)(a,b)222(2)完全平方公式: a，2ab，b,(a，b)222 a,2ab，b,(a,b)?3. 易错点点评: 442222因式分解要分解到底.如就没有分解到底. x,y,(x，y)(x,y)※4. 运用公式法: (1)平方差公式: ?应是二项式或视作二项式的多项式; ?二项式的每项(不含符号)都是一个单项式(或多项式)的平方; ?二项是异号. (2)完全平方公式: ?应是三项式; ?其中两项同号,且各为一整式的平方; ?还有一项可正负,且它是前两项幂的底数乘积的2倍. ※5. 因式分解的思路与解题步骤: (1)先看各项有没有公因式,若有,则先提取公因式; (2)再看能否使用公式法; (3)用分组分解法,即通过分组后提取各组公因式或运用公式法来达到分解的目的; (4)因式分解的最后结果必须是几个整式的乘积,否则不是因式分解; (5)因式分解的结果必须进行到每个因式在有理数范围内不能再分解为止. 四. 分组分解法: ※1. 分组分解法:利用分组来分解因式的方法叫做分组分解法. : 如am，an，bm，bn,a(m，n)，b(m，n),(a，b)(m，n)※2. 概念内涵: 分组分解法的关键是如何分组,要尝试通过分组后是否有公因式可提,并且可继续分解,分组后是否可利用公式法继续分解因式. ※3. 注意: 分组时要注意符号的变化. ac11五. 十字相乘法: 2※1.对于二次三项式,将a和c分别分解成两个因数的乘积, , , ax，bx，ca,a,ac,c,c1212ca22且满足,往往写成 的形式,将二次三项式进行分解. b,ac，ac12212如: ax，bx，c,(ax，c)(ax，c)11222※2. 二次三项式的分解: x，px，q2 p,a，bq,abx，px，q,(x，a)(x，b)a1※3. 规律内涵: 2(1)理解:把分解因式时,如果常数项q是正数,那么把它分解成x，px，q1b两个同号因数,它们的符号与一次项系数p的符号相同. (2)如果常数项q是负数,那么把它分解成两个异号因数,其中绝对值较大的因数与一次项系数p的符号相同,对于分解的两个因数,还要看它们的和是不是等于一次项系数p. ※4. 易错点点评: (1)十字相乘法在对系数分解时易出错; (2)分解的结果与原式不等,这时通常采用多项式乘法还原后检验分解的是否正确. 第三章 分式 一. 分式 ※1. 两个整数不能整除时,出现了分数;类似地,当两个整式不能整除时,就出现了分式. AA 整式A除以整式B,可以表示成的形式.如果除式B中含有字母,那么称为分式,对于任BB意一个分式,分母都不能为零. 整式,※2. 整式和分式统称为有理式,即有: 有理式 ,分式※3. 进行分数的化简与运算时,常要进行约分和通分,其主要依据是分数的基本性质: , 分式的分子与分母都乘以(或除以)同一个不等于零的整式,分式的值不变. AA，MAA,M,,,(M,0) BB，MBB,M※4. 一个分式的分子、分母有公因式时,可以运用分式的基本性质,把这个分式的分子、分母同时除以它的们的公因式,也就是把分子、分母的公因式约去,这叫做约分. 二. 分式的乘除法 ※1. 分式乘以分式,用分子的积做积的分子,分母的积做积的分母;分式除以以分式,把除式的分子、分母颠倒位置后,与被除式相乘. ACADA,DACAC,,,,,,即: , nnBDBDBDBCB,C※2. 分式乘方,把分子、分母分别乘方. AA,,nnnn即: ,(n为正整数),,AAAA,,,,nBB逆向运用,当n为整数时,仍然有成立. ,,,,,,,,nn※3. 分子与分母没有公因式的分式,叫做最简分式. BBBB,,,,三. 分式的加减法 ※1. 分式与分数类似,也可以通分.根据分式的基本性质,把几个异分母的分式分别化成与原来的分式相等的同分母的分式,叫做分式的通分. ※2. 分式的加减法: 分式的加减法与分数的加减法一样,分为同分母的分式相加减与异分母的分式相加减. (1)同分母的分式相加减,分母不变,把分子相加减; ABA,B,,上述法则用式子表示是: CCC(2)异号分母的分式相加减,先通分,变为同分母的分式,然后再加减; ACADBCAD,BC,,,,上述法则用式子表示是: BDBDBDBD※3. 概念内涵: 通分的关键是确定最简分母,其方法如下:最简公分母的系数,取各分母系数的最小公倍数;最简公分母的字母,取各分母所有字母的最高次幂的积,如果分母是多项式,则首先对多项式进行因式分解. 四. 分式方程 ※1. 解分式方程的一般步骤: ?在方程的两边都乘最简公分母,约去分母,化成整式方程; ?解这个整式方程; ?把整式方程的根代入最简公分母,看结果是不是零,使最简公母为零的根是原方程的增根,必须舍去. ※2. 列分式方程解应用题的一般步骤: ?审清题意; 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 ?设未知数; ?根据题意找相等关系,列出(分式)方程; ?解方程,并验根; ?写出答案. 第四章 相似图形 一. 线段的比 ※1. 如果选用同一个长度单位量得两条线段AB, CD的长度分别是m、n,那么就说这两条线段的Am比AB:CD=m:n ,或写成. ,acBn※2. 四条线段a、b、c、d中,如果a与b的比等于c与d的比,即,那么这四条线段a、b、c、,bd成比例线段,简称比例线段. d叫做 ※3. 注意点: ?a:b=k,说明a是b的k倍; ?由于线段 a、b的长度都是正数,所以k是正数; ?比与所选线段的长度单位无关,求出时两条线段的长度单位要一致; ba?除了a=b之外,a:b?b:a, 与互为倒数; C_ B_ A_ acacba?比例的基本性质:若, 则ad=bc; 若ad=bc, 则 ,,图1 _ bdbd二. 黄金分割 ACBC※1. 如图1,点C把线段AB分成两条线段AC和BC,如果,那么称线段AB被点C黄金分,5,1ABAC割,点C叫做线段AB的黄金分割点,AC与AB的比叫做黄金比. AC:AB,,0.618:12※2.黄金分割点是最优美、最令人赏心悦目的点. 四. 相似多边形 ?1. 一般地,形状相同的图形称为相似图形. ※2. 对应角相等、对应边成比例的两个多边形叫做相似多边形.相似多边形对应边的比叫做相似比. 五. 相似三角形 ※1. 在相似多边形中,最为简简单的就是相似三角形. ※2. 对应角相等、对应边成比例的三角形叫做相似三角形.相似三角形对应边的比叫做相似比. ※3. 全等三角形是相似三角的特例,这时相似比等于1. 注意:证两个相似三角形,与证两个全等三角形一样,应把表示对应顶点的字母写在对应的位置上. ※4. 相似三角形对应高的比,对应中线的比与对应角平分线的比都等于相似比. 5. 相似三角形周长的比等于相似比. ※※6. 相似三角形面积的比等于相似比的平方. 六.探索三角形相似的条件 ※1. 相似三角形的判定方法: 一般三角形 直角三角形 基本定理:平行于三角形的一边且和其他两边(或两边的延长线)相交的直线,所截得的三角形与原三角形相似. A_ D_ ?两角对应相等; ?一个锐角对应相等; l_ 1_ ?两边对应成比例,且夹角相等; ?两条边对应成比例: B_ E_ ?三边对应成比例. a. 两直角边对应成比例; l_ 2_ b. 斜边和一直角边对应成比例. F_ ※2. 平行线分线段成比例定理:三条平行线截两条直线,所得的对应线段成比例. C_ ABBCl_ 3_ , 如图2, l// l// l,则. 1 2 3DEEF※3. 平行于三角形一边的直线与其他两边(或两边的延长线)相交,所构成的三角形与原三角形相似. 八. 相似的多边形的性质 ※相似多边形的周长等于相似比;面积比等于相似比的平方. 图2 _ 九. 图形的放大与缩小 ※1. 如果两个图形不仅是相似图形,而且每组对应点所在的直线都经过同一点,那么这样的两个图形叫 做位似图形; 这个点叫做位似中心; 这时的相似比又称为位似比. ※2. 位似图形上任意一对对应点到位似中心的距离之比等于位似比. ◎3. 位似变换: ?变换后的图形,不仅与原图相似,而且对应顶点的连线相交于一点,并且对应点到这一交点的距离成比例.像这种特殊的相似变换叫做位似变换.这个交点叫做位似中心. ?一个图形经过位似变换后得到另一个图形,这两个图形就叫做位似形. ?利用位似的方法,可以把一个图形放大或缩小. 第五章 数据的收集与处理 一. 每周干家务活的时间 ※1. 所要考察的对象的全体叫做总体; 把组成总体的每一个考察对象叫做个体; 从总体中取出的一部分个体叫做这个总体的一个样本. ※2. 为一特定目的而对所有考察对象作的全面调查叫做普查; 为一特定目的而对部分考察对象作的调查叫做抽样调查. 二. 数据的收集 ※1. 抽样调查的特点: 调查的范围小、节省时间和人力物力优点.但不如普查得到的调查结果精确,它得到的只是估计值. 而估计值是否接近实际情况还取决于样本选得是否有代表性. 第六章 证明(一) 二. 定义与命题 ※1. 一般地,能明确指出概念含义或特征的句子,称为定义. 定义必须是严密的.一般避免使用含糊不清的术语,例如“一些”、“大概”、“差不多”等不能在定义中出现. ※2. 可以判断它是正确的或是错误的句子叫做命题. 正确的命题称为真命题,错误的命题称为假命题. ※3. 数学中有些命题的正确性是人们在长期实践中总结出来的,并且把它们作为判断其他命题真假的原始依据,这样的真命题叫做公理. ※4. 有些命题可以从公理或其他真命题出发,用逻辑推理的方法判断它们是正确的,并且可以进一步作为判断其他命题真假的依据,这样的真命题叫做定理. ?5. 根据题设、定义以及公理、定理等,经过逻辑推理,来判断一个命题是否正确,这样的推理过证明. 程叫做 三. 为什么它们平行 ※1. 平行判定公理: 同位角相等,两直线平行.(并由此得到平行的判定定理) ※2. 平行判定定理: 同旁内互补,两直线平行. ※3. 平行判定定理: 同错角相等,两直线平行. 四. 如果两条直线平行 ※1. 两条直线平行的性质公理: 两直线平行,同位角相等; ※2. 两条直线平行的性质定理: 两直线平行,内错角相等; ※3. 两条直线平行的性质定理: 两直线平行,同旁内角互补. 五. 三角形和定理的证明 ※1. 三角形内角和定理: 三角形三个内角的和等于180? ?2. 一个三角形中至多只有一个直角 ?3. 一个三角形中至多只有一个钝角 ?4. 一个三角形中至少有两个锐角 六. 关注三角形的外角 ※1. 三角形内角和定理的两个推论: 推论1: 三角形的一个外角等于和它不相邻的两个内角的和; 推论2: 三角形的一个外角大于任何一个和它不相邻的内角. 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be 学而知文化培训学校八年级数学教辅 held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.