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采暖系统水力计算采暖系统水力计算 在《供热工程》P97和P115有下面两段话:可以看出对于单元立管平均比摩阻的选择需 要考虑重力循环自然附加压力的影响,试参照下面实例,分析对于供回水温60/50?低 温热水辐射供暖系统立管比摩阻的取值是多少, development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River trav...

采暖系统水力计算
采暖系统水力计算 在《供热 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 》P97和P115有下面两段话:可以看出对于单元立管平均比摩阻的选择需 要考虑重力循环自然附加压力的影响,试参照下面实例,分析对于供回水温60/50?低 温热水辐射供暖系统立管比摩阻的取值是多少, development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 实例: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 附件6.2关于地板辐射采暖水力计算的方法和步骤(天正暖通软件辅助完成) 6.2.1水力计算界面: 菜单位置:【计算】?【采暖水力】(cnsl)菜单点取【采暖水力】或命令行输入“cnsL”后,会执行本命令,系统会弹出如下所示的对话框。 功 能:进行采暖水力计算,系统的树视图、数据表格和原理图在同一对话框中,编辑数据的同时可预览原理图,直观的实现了数据、图形的结合,计算结果可赋值到图上进行标注。 快捷工具条:可在工具菜单中调整需要显示的部分,根据计算习惯定制快捷工具条内容; 树 视 图:计算系统的结构树;可通过【设置】菜单中的【系统形式】和【生成框架】进行设置; 原 理 图:与树视图对应的采暖原理图,根据树视图的变化,时时更新,计算完成后,development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 可通过【绘图】菜单中的【绘原理图】将其插入到dwg中,并可根据计算结果进行标注; 数 据 表 格:计算所需的必要参数及计算结果,计算完成后,可通过【计算书设置】选择内容输出计算书; 菜 单:下面是菜单对应的下拉命令,同样可通过快捷工具条中的图标调用; [文件] 提供了工程保存、打开等命令; 新 建:可以同时建立多个计算工程文档; 打 开:打开之前保存的水力计算工程,后缀名称为.csl; 保 存:可以将水力计算工程保存下来; [设置] 计算前,选择计算的方法等; [编辑] 提供了一些编辑树视图的功能; 对象处理:对于使用天正命令绘制出来的平面图、系统图或原理图,有时由于管线间的连接处理不到位,可能造成提图识别不正确,可以使用此命令先框选处理后,再进行提图; [计算] 数据信息建立完毕后,可以通过下面提供的命令进行计算; [绘图] 可以将计算同时建立的原理图,绘制到dwg图上,也可将计算的数据赋回到原图上; [工具] 设置快捷命令菜单; 6.2.2采暖水力计算的具体操作: 1.下面以某住宅楼为例进行计算:住宅楼施工图如下: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 2.根据施工图系统形式绘制原理图:第一步进入【设置】菜单中的【系统形式】 根据施工图 “供水方式”选择“下供下回” 接着再根据施工图: “立管形式”选择“双管” “立管关系”选择“异程” 勾选“分户计量” “采暖形式”选择“地板采暖” 点击“确定” development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 2. 第二步在【设置】菜单中的【生成框架】完成下列内容: 楼层数:6层 系统分支数:1 分支1样式 分支2样式 本住宅楼样 式同分支1, 所以系统分 支数为“1” 每支分支立管数:2 每楼层用户数:2 每用户分支数:3 (见下图单元盘管图) 3. 第三步 【设置】菜 单中“ 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 条件” development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 4. 第四步在【生成框架】对话框中点击“生成”,如下图 5. 第五步在树视图中依次打开“立管1”、“楼层6”、“户1”,如下图: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 6.第六步在上图中完成以下几项内容的输入: 1)负荷:指某盘管分支(环路)热媒提供的热量。 要注意: a、此负荷与房间热负荷的差别,如右图:对于六层(最高层)房间负荷等于地板向上供热量,而六层盘管环路提供的热量还包括向下供热量,所以六层(最高层)负荷输入时不仅包括地面向上的散热量而且还包括向下的传热量;对于其它楼层房间负荷等于本层地板向上供热量与上一层楼板向下供热量之和,通常每层向下供热量相差较小,所以每层盘管热媒提供的热量就是该层房间热负荷。 b、如右图:一个环路可能承担两个或两个以上房间,如果是这样,计算此环路所带负荷的时候,应该把所承担的房间负荷进行累加,假如某环路承担的是某个整个房间和另一个房间的一部分,如图中环路3,既承担客厅又承担部分餐厅,这时该环路负荷取那个整个房间的负荷与那个承担部分房间的部分负荷(可以用相对盘管面积,相对负荷的原则,按他们所占的面积进行取值。如果这部分靠近外围护结构,应该把其适当的放大,比如乘以1.2的修正系数,以减少实际情况与理论分析的误差。) development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 2)流量:在输入负荷项后,这一项就不需要再输入了; 3)管材:指盘管部分管材,软件中暂时没有PE-RT管材,若设计选用PE-RT,计算时仍选PEX管材即可; 4)管长:按施工图每个环路长度输入即可; 5)管径:这一项应该是软件要完成计算的项目,但通常软件计算出管径为De15,实际工程应用时往往调整为De20(防止管道堵塞),所以这一项可直接选择De20。 6)流速、比摩阻、沿程阻力:这三项软件计算内容; 7)局阻系数、局部阻力:这两项是这个对话框输入项目中的难点; 点击局阻系数下面数值右侧“蓝扣“弹出如下对话框: 再点击该对话框内“连接构件”右侧的 弹出下面对话框: 首先将左侧图中可调整数值部分都改为“0”结果如下图: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 左侧图中“弯头”后系数改为“1.00”,数量输入 数值即为局阻系数; 在局部阻力设置对话框下部,是其它局部阻力,在 这里能够设置那些不是依靠局阻系数来计算的构 件,例如分集水器,其局部阻力是用下图表确定的 假设已确定局部阻力为5Kpa时,则勾选局部阻力, 并输入5000,如下图。 8)地暖工程户内分支局部阻力确定方法如下:首先由于地热盘管各环路局部构件弯头数量统计繁琐,其次依据相关资料,盘管的局部阻力可以认为是沿程阻力的25%,(全国勘察设计注册公用设备工程师暖通空调专业考试复习教材,第三版,P46), 所以用此方法来确定各户内分支局部阻力,具体步骤如下(实例): a、查施工图一层地暖平面布置图及热负荷计算 书,环路1,管长70m,承担房间卧室、厨房及 部分书房房间负荷,热负荷为1085W。将这两 项内容输入结果如下: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road b、用下面方法把局阻系数改为零结果如下: 点击局阻系数下面数值右侧“蓝扣“弹出如下对话框: 再点击该对话框内“连接构件”右侧的 弹出下面对话框: 首先将左侧图中可调整数值部分都改为“0”结果如下图: 左侧图中“弯头”后系数改为“1.00”,数量输 入“0”即结果如下图: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road C,如下图点击工具条中“计算控制”,在弹出的对话框内修改“户内支路”管径下限, 15改为20,确定后点击工具条中“设计计算”。 d、将结果中的沿程阻力522*0.25=130.5Pa,用下面方法完成输入: 进入局部阻力设置对话框内,勾选下部“局部阻力” 同时在右侧数值框内输入130.5,点击“确定”后, 再次点击工具条中设计计算,结果如下图: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road e、最后以此方法依次完成该房间其余户内分支的计算:结果如下: 7.第七步如下图完成“户内总供回水干管”内容的输入: 1)负荷、流量已经计算完成; 2)管材:根据施工图设计选择对应管材,在实例中应用的是PPR管; 3)管径、流速、比摩阻、沿程阻力等项待软件计算后进行校对即可; 4)局部系数和局部阻力是这个对话框输入项目中的难点:难点有两个方面,一方面是要把户内总供回水干管(即由管井立管至户内分集水器)之间管道上所有附件找出来,development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 另一方面是把这些附件局部阻力系数或局部阻力利用相关工具书确定出来。 a、首先依据下面供暖平面图、详图等施工图,绘制轴侧图来完成第一难点: 轴测图如下图所示: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 依据此轴测图找出由管井立管至户内分集水器之间管道上所有附件名称和数量: (以其中一户为例) 1.立管与管井中横支管间的旁流三通(2个) 2.横支管上锁闭阀(2个) 3.供水横支管上的过滤器(1个) 4.供水横支管上的热量表(1个) 5.回水横支管上的平衡阀(1个) 6.弯头12个 7. 供回水支管与旁通管处的直流三通(2个) 8. 分集水器进出水支管上球阀(2个) 9. 分水器进水支管上温控阀(1个) 10(分集水器(1个) b、查相关工具书来确定这些附件局阻系数或局部阻力: 依据《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施暖通空调?动力》表2.9.6和2.9.9确定的局阻系数或局部阻力为: 2.横支管上锁闭阀(2个)锁闭阀据相关资料局阻系数同截止阀,查表2.9.6取值得:10,共20; 5.回水横支管上的平衡阀(1个)局部阻力系数查表2.9.6取值得:15; 6.弯头12个 局部阻力系数查表2.9.9取中间值得:0.4 ,共4.8; 9. 分水器进水支管上温控阀(1个)同平衡阀局部阻力系数查表2.9.6取值得:15; development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 依据《手册》下表确定的局阻系数或局部阻力为: 1.立管与管井中横支管间的旁流三通(2个)局部阻力系数为:1.5 共3; 7. 供回水支管与旁通管处的直流三通(2个)局部阻力系数为:1.0共2; 334.供水横支管上的热量表(1个)依据上面 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 图集:当流量为0.267m/h时,工程流量为0.6m/h 的热量表压力损失为:3KPa。 development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 3.供水横支管上的过滤器(1个)依据上面过滤器计算式,当流速为0.25m/s时,压力损失为:1.53KPa 10(分集水器(1个)由上表查得:流量为266l/h时,分集水器压力损失为:3KPa development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 8. 分集水器进出水支管上球阀(2个)依据《给水排水设计手册 (第01册)常用资料》第二版第15章 局部水头损失球阀参照旋塞阀局部阻力系数为:0.05共0.1; 最后结果如下: 1.立管与管井中横支管间的旁流三通(2个) 局部阻力系数1.5 2.横支管上锁闭阀(2个) 局部阻力系数10 3.供水横支管上的过滤器(1个) 局部阻力1530Pa 4.供水横支管上的热量表(1个) 局部阻力3000Pa 5.回水横支管上的平衡阀(1个) 局部阻力系数15.0 6.弯头12个 (供回水管各6个) 局部阻力系数0.4 7. 供回水支管与旁通管处的直流三通(2个) 局部阻力系数1.0 8. 分集水器进出水支管上球阀(2个) 局部阻力系数0.05 9. 分水器进水支管上温控阀(1个) 局部阻力系数15.0 10(分、集水器(2个) 局部阻力3000Pa 所以由管井立管至户内分集水器)之间管道上供水管局部阻力7530Pa,局部阻力系数共29.95,取整数为30。回水管局部阻力3000Pa,局部阻力系数共29.95,取整数也为30。 5)输入局部阻力和局阻系数,点击“设计计算”结果如下: 8.第八步完成“户2”内容的输入:如果户1同户2,可用下图方法: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 鼠标右键单击户1,弹出快捷菜单,选择“保存模 版”,在模板名称内输入1,点击“保存”。 鼠标右键单击户2,弹出快捷菜单,选择“读取模 版”,在模板名称内输入1,点击“打开”。 注意:上述方法是将户1数据复制到了户2,此方法同样适用于楼层、立管等。 9.第九步完成楼层复制后,再根据施工图进行必要的修改,修改完成后点击“设计计算”,将其中立管1中的“供回水立管”点开,如下图: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 在这个对话框内完成两个内容: 1)比摩阻校对,对于地暖立管比摩阻=20Pa/m ,所以根据计算出的比摩阻适当将以算出管径调整,点击校核计算,结果如下图:(比摩阻更加接近20Pa/m) 2)各管段局阻系数和管长校对,这部分局阻系数是管道上三通等附件,按前述方法完成即可,管长注意横干管与立管连接处这段管道的长度,此段长度需确定横干管在地下室标高后方能准确的确定。(若立管2同立管1然后将立管复制即可) 10.第十步完成立管复制后,再根据施工图进行必要的修改,修改完成后将其中分支1中的“供回水干管”点开,如下图: development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 在这个对话框内完成两个内容: 1)管径校对,由于前面立管比摩阻=20Pa/m 要求立管管径可能比干管管径大了,这时应将此干管管径调至同立管大小,后点击校核计算,结果如下图: 2)各管段局阻系数和管长校对,这部分局阻系数是管道上三通、补偿器等附件,此部分仍按前述方法完成即可,管长注意横干管在地下室实际敷设长度即可。 .第十一步点开“总供回水干管”,如下图: 11 在这个对话框下,完成各管段在热力入口处设置阀门附件局部阻力和局阻系数的确定。 development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road 12.第十二步点开“分户计量-异程采暖系统”,如下图: 显示:总负荷和总阻力,总负荷应和热负荷计算书计算结果一致或接近,总阻力应在100KPa以内。 13.第十三步点开菜单“计算书设置”,如下图,去掉最后“散热器计算表格”后,在计算书输出。完成计算,再打开excel计算书需要校对不平衡率: 技术措施中2.9. 4 热水采暖系统并联环路(不包括公共段)之间压力损失的相对差额,不应大于15,;一般可通过下列措施达到水力平衡: 1 环路布置应力求均衡对称,作用半径不宜过长,负担的立管数不宜过多; 2 尽可能通过调整管径,使并联环路之间压力损失的计算相对差额达到最小; 3 必要时设置静态或动态平衡阀。 14. 依据技术措施2.9.2 室内采暖系统总压力损失的确定,应符合下列原则: 3 室内采暖系统总压力损失宜在计算总压力损失基础上增加10,的附加值。所以在施工图设计说明中的阻力参数值是此计算阻力结果的1.1倍。 development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road development is limited by the handling capacity of the airport, not in-situ expansion. Jinsha River and minjiang rivers, the Yangtze River traverses northern border in Yibin city, with good conditions for development of water transport, but water with speed ... Rate of 10.9% per cent. In recent years, Yibin city, stepping up construction of transport infrastructure at the same time, increase the intensity of high-grade highway construction, and the overall technical levels improved significantly, which succeeds in improving road
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