潮流计算-英文文献

潮流计算-英文文献 外文 资料 新概念英语资料下载李居明饿命改运学pdf成本会计期末资料社会工作导论资料工程结算所需资料清单 Summary of power flow calculation Power system is calculated on the trend of steady-state operation of the power system as a basis, it's running under the given conditions and determine the entire system wiring in various parts of the power system running: the voltage of the bus, all components of a mid-stream power, The power loss, and so on. Power system planning in the design and operation of the existing power system in the form of research, we need to calculate the trend of using quantitative analysis of comparative power programme or operation mode is reasonable. Reliability and economy. In addition, the power flow calculation is calculated static and dynamic stability of the foundation of stability. So the trend is calculated on the power system of a very important and very basis of calculation. Power flow calculation also divided into offline and online calculation of two terms, the former mainly used for system planning and design and organization of the operation mode, while the latter is running for the system of regular monitoring and real-time control. The use of electronic digital computer to calculate the trend of the power system from the mid-1950s has already begun. Power flow problems in mathematical calculation is a group of diverse non-linear equations to solve the problem, its solution can not be separated from iteration. Therefore, the flow calculation method, it requires first and foremost a reliable convergence, and give the correct answers. As the power system structure and parameters of some of the features, and with the continuous expansion of the power system, the trend of increasing order of the equation, so the formula is not any mathematical method can guarantee is given the correct answer. This calculation of the power system to become a staff continue to seek new and more reliable way of the important factors. Use of digital computers in the power flow problems at the beginning, the general adoption of a node admittance matrix-based successive into the law. The principle of this method is relatively simple to compare the volume of digital computer memory, to the 1950s computer manufacturing level and then the power system theoretical level. However, it is convergence of the poor, when the system large-scale change, the sharp rise in the number of iteration in the calculation of convergence are often not the case iteration. This forced the staff to the power system to calculate impedance matrix-based successive into the law. Impedance method to improve the flow of the convergence of computing, the solution of the admittance system can not solve some of the trend, in the 1960s, access to a wide range of applications, has the power system design. Operational and research has made great contribution. At present, there are still some in the power industry units impedance method to calculate the trend. Impedance of the main shortcomings of the occupation of the computer's memory, each iteration of the large amount of calculation. When the system continue to expand, the more prominent of these shortcomings. 16 K memory of a computer in the use of impedance method can only be calculated at 100 following the system, 32 K memory of the computer can only calculate 150 nodes under the system. In this way, many of the power system in order to use impedance method shall not be first on the trend of the system is the streamlining of work. In order to overcome resistance in memory and speed of the shortcomings of the mid-1960s to the development of the impedance matrix-based Block impedance. This approach to a large-scale system divided into several small regional system, the computer only need to store various parts of the system impedance matrix contact line between them and the resistance, not only substantial savings in memory capacity, but also improve the Computing speed. Overcome the shortcomings of the impedance of hungry is another way to use Newton - Raphson method. This is the mathematics of nonlinear equations to solve the typical method, a better convergence. In resolving the issue of power flow calculation, is admittance matrix-based, therefore, as long as we can in the iterative process as much as possible to maintain the formula coefficient matrix sparse, and can greatly improve Newton's Law trend of the efficiency of procedures . Since the mid-1960s, Newton's law in the use of the best order of elimination, the Newton in convergence. Memory requirements. Speed all over the impedance, as the late 1960s after the widespread adoption of the excellent way. Flow calculation flexibility and convenience of the request, the application of digital computers is also a very key issue. In the past for a long time, the power flow calculation relies on the Taiwan exchange. Taiwan simulates the exchange of power systems, computing platforms in the calculation of the trend of the exchange, calculated at any time surveillance systems can run different parts of the state to meet requirements, if they run certain parts of unreasonable, you can make adjustments immediately. In this way, the equivalent of the process on the computing staff lost operating system. Adjustment process is very intuitive, physical concept is very clear. When the use of digital computers to calculate the trend when it lost this visual. To make up for this shortcoming, the trend of the establishment of procedures to the extent possible, in terms of computer calculation in the process of strengthening the process of the computer monitor and control, and to facilitate a variety of modifications and adjustments. Power flow calculation is not a simple calculation, to run it as a form of adjustment may be more precise. In order to get a reasonable run, often need to keep in accordance with the results, modify the original data. In this sense, the trend in the preparation of our program, the ease of use and flexibility must be sufficient attention. Therefore, in addition to the requirements in various ways to modify as much as possible. Adjustment, we must pay attention to input and output of convenience and flexibility, strengthening human-computer links, so that the calculation of staff to monitor timely and appropriate calculations to control the conduct of calculation . Power flow calculation is a power system analysis of the most basic terms, the complex power system under normal and failure conditions steady-state running the calculation. The trend is calculated to strike a target in the power system to be running the calculation. That is, voltage and power distribution node, to check whether the components of the system overload. Voltage meets all requirements of the distribution and allocation of power is reasonable and the power loss, and so on. Of the existing power system operations and expansion, the new power system planning and design of the power system for static and transient stability of the trend are calculated as the basis. If the trend of the results available on steady-state power system, or estimate the optimal security, such as the trend of the flow calculation method and the model has a direct impact. The actual power system that the main trend of technology adoption Newton - Raphson method. In the management of the operation mode, the trend of power grid operation mode is to determine the basic starting point in planning areas, the need for trend analysis verified the reasonableness of the plan in real-time operating environment, dispatchers, provided the trend of End-expected operating conditions in the power grid To check the trend of operational reliability. In the power system dispatching a number of areas related to the trend of grid computing. Electricity network is to determine the trend of running the basic factors, the trend is steady-state power system on the basis and prerequisite . 外文原文翻译 电力系统潮流计算综述 电力系统潮流计算是研究电力系统稳态运行情况的一种计算，它根据给定的运行条件及系统接线情况确定整个电力系统各部分的运行状态:各母线的电压，各元件中流过的功率，系统的功率损耗等等。在电力系统规划的 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 和现有电力系统运行方式的研究中，都需要利用潮流计算来定量地分析比较供电方案或运行方式的合理性.可靠性和经济性。此外，电力系统潮流计算也是计算系统动态稳定和静态稳定的基础。所以潮流计算是研究电力系统的一种很重要和很基础的计算。电力系统潮流计算也分为离线计算和在线计算两种，前者主要用于系统规划设计和安排系统的运行方式，后者则用于正在运行系统的经常监视及实时控制。利用电子数字计算机进行电力系统潮流计算从50年代中期就已经开始。电力系统潮流计算问题在数学上是一组多元非线性方程式求解问题，其解法都离不开迭代。因此，对潮流计算方法，首先要求它能可靠地收敛，并给出正确 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 。由于电力系统结构及参数的一些特点，并且随着电力系统不断扩大，潮流问题的方程式阶数 越来越高，对这样的方程式并不是任何数学方法都能保证给出正确答案的。这种情况成为促使电力系统计算人员不断寻求新的更可靠方法的重要因素。 在用数字计算机解电力系统潮流问题的开始阶段，普遍采取以节点导纳矩阵为基础的逐次代入法。这个方法的原理比较简单，要求的数字计算机内存量比较下，适应50年代电子计算机制造水平和当时电力系统理论水平。但它的收敛性较差，当系统规模变大时，迭代次数急剧上升，在计算中往往出现迭代不收敛的情况。这就迫使电力系统计算人员转向以阻抗矩阵为基础的逐次代入法。阻抗法改善了系统潮流计算问题的收敛性，解决了导纳法无法求解的一些系统的潮流计算，在60年代获得了广泛的应用，曾为电力系统设计.运行和研究作出了很大的贡献。目前，电力工业中仍有一些单位采用阻抗法计算潮流。阻抗法的主要缺点是占用计算机内存大，每次迭代的计算量大。当系统不断扩大时，这些缺点就更加突出。一个内存16K的计算机在采用阻抗法时只能计算100以下的系统，32K内存的计算机也只能计算150个节点以下的系统。这样，很多电力系统为了采用阻抗法计算潮流就不得不予先对系统进行相当的简化工作。为了克服阻抗法在内存和速度方面的缺点，60年代中期发展了以阻抗矩阵为基础的分块阻抗法。这个方法把一个大系统分割为几个小的地区系统，在计算机内只需要存储各个地区系统的阻抗矩阵及它们之间联络线的阻抗，这样不仅大幅度地节省了内存容量，同时也提高了计算速度。 克服阻抗法缺点的饿另一途径是采用牛顿-拉夫逊法。这是数学中解决非线性方程式的典型方法，有较好的收敛性。在解决电力系统潮流计算问题时，是以导纳矩阵为基础的，因此，只要我们能在迭代过程中尽可能保持方程式系数矩阵的稀疏性，就可以大大提高牛顿法潮流程序的效率。自从60年代中期，在牛顿法中利用了最佳顺序消去法以后，牛顿法在收敛性.内存要求.速度方面都超过了阻抗法，成为60年代末期以后广泛采用的优秀方 法。 潮流计算灵活性和方便性的要求，对数字计算机的应用也是一个很关键的问题。过去在很长时间内，电力系统潮流计算是借助于交流台进行的。交流台模拟了电力系统，因此在交流计算台上计算潮流时，计算人员可以随时监视系统各部分运行状态是否满足要求，如发现某些部分运行不合理，则可以立即进行调整。这样，计算的过程就相当于运算人员丢系统进行操作.调整的过程，非常直观，物理概念也很清楚。当利用数字计算机进行潮流计算时，就失去了这种直观性。为了弥补这个缺点，潮流程序的编制必须尽可能使计算人员在计算机计算的过程中加强对计算机过程的监视和控制，并便于作各种修改和调整。电力系统潮流计算问题并不是单纯的计算问题，把它当作一个运行方式的调整问题可能更为确切。为了得到一个合理的运行方式，往往需要不断根据计算结果，修改原始数据。在这个意义上，我们在编制潮流计算程序时，对使用的方便性和灵活性必须予以足够的重视。因此，除了要求计算方法尽可能适应各种修改.调整以外，还要注意输入和输出的方便性和灵活性，加强人机联系，以便使计算人员能及时监视计算过程并适当地控制计算的进行。 电力系统潮流计算是电力系统分析中的一种最基本的计算，是对复杂电力系统正常和故障条件下稳态运行状态的计算。潮流计算的目标是求取电力系统在给定运行状态的计算。即节点电压和功率分布，用以检查系统各元件是否过负荷.各点电压是否满足要求，功率的分布和分配是否合理以及功率损耗等。对现有电力系统的运行和扩建，对新的电力系统进行规划设计以及对电力系统进行静态和暂态稳定分析都是以潮流计算为基础。潮流计算结果可用如电力系统稳态研究，安全估计或最优潮流等对潮流计算的模型和方法有直接影响。实际电力系统的潮流技术那主要采用牛顿-拉夫逊法。 在运行方式管理中，潮流是确定电网运行方式的基本出发点;在规划领域，需要进行潮流分析验证规划方案的合理性;在实时运行环境，调度员潮流提供了电完个在预想操作情况下电网的潮流分布以校验运行可靠性。在电力系统调度运行的多个领域都涉及到电网潮流计算。潮流是确定电力网络运行状态的基本因素，潮流问题是研究电力系统稳态问题的基础和前提。