3dsmax布料插件的高级用法

Cloth使用注意事項與技巧在您使用前CLOTH前有幾點原則必須牢記:1.cloth的計算以三角面為基本,所有多邊形都會被CLOTH轉換成三角形進行計算,面越多,計算越精確,也越耗時布料的基本步驟1、往布料上增加CLOTH修改器堆疊的順序Morph Skin Cloth Turbosmooth2、在ObjectProperties視窗或用Object面板的AddObjects增加同時參與運算的其他布料及碰撞物體作為參與碰撞的物體勿必要在AddObjects前去除原先的Smooth修改器，以免增加不必要的計算量參與運算的物體會自動加上關聯的CLOTH修改器一個運算層是可以同時包括多種布料的（比如多層衣服及頭髮），但為了調整的方便及減少出錯概略，最好要根據實際情況作分層處理，比如先算衣物，然後再算頭髮一個物體的修改堆疊上可以有多個CLOTH修改器,比如衣服的第一個CLOTH是作為布料運算，第二個CLOTH是作為頭髮的碰撞體，這種情況下請將CLOTH修改器命名，比如下層叫Cloth_cloth，上層叫Cloth_hair，以後運算的原則是先下後上，比如先運算得到衣物的飄動，然後飄動的衣物只作為碰撞體參與頭髮的動力運算3、在ObjectProperties窗口定義布料及碰撞體參數碰撞體選擇CollisionObject布料選擇Cloth，可以調入以下幾種預置參數著手進行調整Burlap    粗麻布Cashmere  開絲米織料Cotton    棉布Flannel    法蘭絨GenericHeavy  厚重布料HeavyLeather  厚皮革Polyester  聚脂Rubber    橡膠Satin    綢緞Silk    絲綢Spandex    彈性纖維StarchedCotton漿硬的棉布Taffeta    皺絲織品Terrycloth  毛巾WetCloth  濕布Wool    毛織品但是因為通常情況下，幾何體拓樸結構與佈線密度都不盡相同，預置參數通常不能取得理想的效果，所以要通常不斷測試取得最佳參數4、排除選擇(局部)到子物體層級,選擇不參與運算或是需要作為錨點的點，MakeGroup選擇Group，Preserve使選擇點集維持CLOTH修改器堆疊前的狀態Node用於將選擇點打錨至NODE物體TIPS:取GROUP點排除運算時，有時選點會有些不方便(例如天明的頭髮)，您可以考慮先全選所有點，然後排除參與運算的點的方法得到選擇集5、測試與運算可以用ClothForces加入風力等力場，或是直接加動作挑幾個常用的說一下：Simulate為運算EraseSimulation刪除結果TruncateSimulation刪除當前幀之後的結果SetInitalState將目前狀態設置為初始狀態ResetState重置狀態cm/unit與Gravity在一般情況下最好不要改Step除以Subsample值為實際運算精度，即每多少秒採樣一次，Step值為秒數，Subsample為子採樣細分數SelfCollision，布料自身碰撞開關，一般情況下用0即可，1只用於GarmentMaker物體與CheckIntersections同時打開的情況CheckIntersections，穿透檢測SolidCollision固體碰撞開關一般只在測試初級階段關閉，以加速布料在布料柔韌性等方面的快速測試檢驗以下是一些布料調整的參數說明Property1andProperty2可以為同一塊布設置不同的兩個屬性,可用於類比絲綢上的一塊牛仔布補丁這種效果,或是絲綢襯衣衣領袖口比較厚硬的效果,配合”UsePanelProperties”和TextureMap使用UandVBend彎曲低抗力，值高，布越硬UandVB-Curve有助於保持織物構造，對應於相鄰三角面的折疊程度，值為0-1，0允許完全折疊，1完全不充許折疊UandVStretch布料的延展性，如果想讓布像橡皮筋，設很低的值:)Shear值越高，布越硬Density每平方釐米多少毫克Damping阻尼值,值越低，彈性越強Thickness厚度，僅用於布與布之間的碰撞的距離，單位釐米，不得大於布料的多邊形大小，太大的值會影響布料的行為，太小的值會導致更多的運算時間Repulsion排斥力，僅用於布與布的碰撞，模擬如果有太多穿透，可以嘗試增加此值AirRes空氣阻力，值越小，布料看上去越透風，垂下的速度越快Dyn.Fric動磨擦力，用於布與碰撞固體（SOLID），值越小，布越滑(likesilk)StaticFric靜磨擦力，與動磨擦力類似，它決定布料由靜止時受力是偏向於滑開還是粘住其他 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 面SelfFric用於布料與布料或是布料自身碰撞的磨擦力（包括靜、動摩擦力）SeamForce僅用於相容老版本STITCH，模擬一種球形力，現在移作SEAMS子物體極別定義UScale控制U向的收縮或擴展力，如果用於非GarmentMaker物體，此值將同時作用于U向和V向，下面的VScale值將被忽略Anisotropic此參數用於解開U向與V向的同步鎖定UseEdgeSprings使用邊長彈性，作用力類似Stretch（布料的延展性），使用此屬性，意指，三角邊被拉得越長，延展性就越小，有助於維持原來的形狀UseSolidFriction指定使用碰撞物體的磨擦力值，可用於模擬布料滑過不同表面（砂紙與大理石）時的表現KeepShape保持形狀，有助於保留像衣褶等細節以下是一些碰撞的參數說明(CollisionPropertiesgroup)Depth碰撞深度，布料穿透碰撞物體超過這個值之後就不會再被推出，這個值是MAX的尺寸單位Offset碰撞距離,定義布料與物體表面的距離技巧幾個有助於解決穿透的方法1增加演算精度減小step值，增加subsample值2增加碰撞固體Depth值3增加碰撞固體Offset值4增加B-Curve值5增加Thickness值5增加Repulsion值6適當增加硬度與維持原來形態的值（如下）7小心使用Group的softselect，有些可能會引起穿透8越軟越薄的布料越容易出錯，運算時間也更長，建議從較硬較厚的布料參數開始漸漸最終需要的效果靠近9分層計算，多個布料分先後處理10分時段計算，配合TruncateSimulation，在特別容易穿透的時刻到來前減小Step值，增加Subsample採樣值11如果出現破面情況，你可以採用減少磨擦力、增加阻尼值、增加密度的方法調整如果你嘗試了所有方法都無法得到滿意的結果，請使用下面的終級解決 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 :增加多邊形佈線密度（改變拓樸結構）比單純調整參數、增加解算採樣更有效(以同等運算時間相比)，效果也更好，比較好的做法是，增加佈線密度，同時提高STEP值，可以基本保證達到解算精度的同時不至於增加太多解算時間上面應該是布料解算的終級方安，但缺點是更改了拓樸結構，牽涉面較大，原先的蒙皮和UV可能被破壞，需要花時間進行修正幾個有助於維持原來形狀的方法1打開UseEdgeSprings2打開KeepShape3增加Bend值4增加B-Curve值5增加Stretch值6增加Shear值Done,haveaniceday!頭髮、飄帶等類似物體可以用添加的骨胳進行蒙皮，而非蒙到CS的缺省骨架上，如下圖這樣可以自由直接地將頭髮飄帶置於最佳起始位置進行布料運算ps:以往大家對MAX的基礎骨胳使用方法都不是很正確,經常使用非均勻縮放定位骨胳，其實正確的做法是用AftectPivotOnly來作骨胳的定位(likemaya)ObjectPropertiesDialog(Cloth)Selectanobject.>Modifypanel>ModifierList>Object-SpaceModifiers>Cloth>Objectrollout>ObjectPropertiesbuttonUsetheObjectPropertiesdialogtodefinewhichobjectsareincludedinthesimulation,whethertheyareclothorcollisionobjects,andtheparametersassociatedwiththem.InterfaceObjectsinSimulation—Listsobjectscurrentlyincludedinthesimulation.Tochangeanobject'sproperties,firsthighlightitsnameinthelist.Youcanhighlightmultipleobjectnamesusingstandardmethods:CTRLclick,SHIFTclick,anddragging.AddObjects—OpensadialogthatletsyouselectobjectsfromyourscenetobeaddedtotheClothsimulation.Afteraddinganobjectwiththisbutton,itappearsintheObjectsInSimulationlist,andaninstanceoftheClothmodifierisappliedtotheobject.Remove—RemovesobjectshighlightedintheObjectsInSimulationlistfromthesimulation.Youcannotremoveobjectscurrentlyselectedin3dsmax.Inactive—Makesanobjectinactiveinthesimulation.Theobjectcanstillbeinthesimulation,butitwillnotreacttoanything.Thisisgoodfortestinghowdifferentobjectsreactandisolatingdynamiceffects.Property1andProperty2—ThesetworadiobuttonsletyouassigntwodifferentsetsofclothpropertiestoobjectshighlightedintheObjectsInSimulationlist.YoucanthenusetheMaterialParamsrolloutsettingstointerpolateoranimatebetweenthesets.TheUseEdgeSpringsandUseSolidFrictionoptionscanbesetonlyforProperty1becauseProperty2usesthesamesettings.可以為同一塊布設置不同的兩個屬性,可用於類比絲綢上的一塊牛仔布補丁這種效果,或是絲綢襯衣衣領袖口比較厚硬的效果,配合”UsePanelProperties”和TextureMap使用Cloth—SetstheobjectorobjectshighlightedintheObjectsInSimulationlisttoclothobjectsandallowsyoutodefineparametersforthemintheClothPropertiessectionofthedialog.UsePanelProperties—Whenon,tellsClothtousetheClothPropertiesfromthePanelsub-objectleveloftheClothmodifier.Thisallowsyoutodefinedifferentclothpropertiesonapanel-by-panelbasis.ClothPropertiesgroupPresets—SetstheClothPropertiesparameterstothepresetchosenfromthedrop-downlist.Anypresetsthatarebuiltintothesystemorthathavebeenpreviouslysavedandloadedwillshowuphere.Load—Loadspresetsfromyourharddrive.ClickthisbuttonandthennavigatetothedirectorywithyourpresetstoloadthemintoClothProperties.Save—SavesClothPropertiesparameterstoafiletobeloadedatalatertime.Bydefault,allClothpresetfilesaresavedtoyour\scenes\clothfolder.UandVBend—Resistancetobending.Thehigherthisvalueisset,thelessthefabricwillbeabletobend.Acottonfabricmaybendmoreeasilythanleather,soavalueof15.0forbothUandVBendmightbegoodforcotton,while50.0wouldworkwellforleather.彎曲低抗力，值高，布越硬Left:UandVBend=50,simulatingaburlapmaterialRight:UandVBend=2.5,simulatingsilkorotherlightfabricUandVB-Curve—Resistancetobendingasthefabricfolds.Thedefaultvalueof0setsthebendresistancetobeconstant.Asettingof1makesthefabricveryresistanttobendingastheanglebetweentrianglesapproaches180degrees.Youneverwanttwoadjacenttrianglestopassthrougheachother,soyoucanincreasethisvaluetopreventthisfromhappening.有助於保持織物構造，對應於相鄰三角面的折疊程度，值為0-1，0允許完全折疊，1完全不充許折疊UandVStretch—Resistancetostretching.Thedefaultvalueof50.0isareasonablevalueformosttypesofcloth.ALargervaluewillbestiffer,whileasmalleronewillbestretchylikerubber.布料的延展性，如果想讓布像橡皮筋，設很低的值:)Shear—Resistancetoshearing.Highervaluesresultinstifferclothfabrics.Sheardefineshowmuchtheindividualtrianglescandeform.Ifyouweretolaytheedgesofthetriangleoutinastraitlinethisvaluewouldrepresenthowlongthislinecanstretchoutto.Withahighvaluethislengthwillonlybethesumofthelengthofallofthesidesatrest.Alowvaluewillallowthislengthtobegreaterthenthatoffallofitssidesatrest.Thislengthofstretchedsidesisnotonaonetoonebasis.Onesideofthepolygonmaystretchmorethenanotheraslongasthetotalshearvalueisnotexceeded.值越高，布越硬Density—Theweightoftheclothperunitarea(ingm/cm2).Highervaluesmeanheavierclothlikedenim.Usesmallervaluesforlighterclothlikesilk.每平方釐米多少毫克Damping—Thelargerthisvalue,isthemoresluggishlythefabricwillreact.Withalowervalue,thefabricwillbehavewithmorespring.Clothwithmoredampingwillcometorestsoonerthenclothwithlessdamping.Highdampingresultsincloththatbehavesasthoughitismovingthroughoil.Excessivedampingmayalsocausesimulationinstabilities.Agoodvalueis0.01(note:thedefaultis0.1,butinpractice,itseemsthatthisvalueistoohigh).阻尼值,值越低，彈性越強Thickness—Definesthevirtualthicknessofafabricforthepurposeofdetectingcloth-to-clothcollisions.Thisvalueisirrelevantifcloth-to-clothcollisionsaredisabled.Largervalueskeeptheclothseparatedbygreaterdistances.Becarefulnottousetoolargeorsmallvaluesinthisfield.Verylargevalueswillinterferewiththenaturalbehaviorofthecloth.Verysmallvalueswillcausethesimulatortotaketoolongtocalculate.Thisdistanceismeasuredincm(centimeters)andshouldbesmallerthanthesizeofthetrianglesthatmakeuptheclothobject.Asettingof0.0willletClothautomaticallyassignareasonablevalueforthickness.厚度，僅用於布與布之間的碰撞的距離，單位釐米，不得大於布料的多邊形大小，太大的值會影響布料的行為，太小的值會導致更多的運算時間Left:ThetoppieceofclothwithaThicknessof0Right:Thicknessof9Repulsion—Theamountofforceusedtorepelotherclothobjects.Thisvalueisirrelevantifcloth-to-clothcollisionsaredisabled.Thesimulatorwillapplyarepulsionforcescaledbythisvaluetokeeptheclothfromcomingincontactwithotherclothobjects.Increasethisvalueiftherearealotofcollisionsbetweendifferentpartsofcloth,oriftheclothistendingtointerpenetrate.排斥力，僅用於布與布的碰撞，模擬如果有太多穿透，可以嘗試增加此值AirRes.—Resistancetoair.Thisvaluewilldeterminehowmuchtheairwilleffectthecloth.Ahigheramountofairresistancewouldbeusefulforatightlywovenfabric,whilealoweramountwouldbesuitableforaloose-knitgarment.空氣阻力，值越小，布料看上去越透風，垂下的速度越快Dyn.Fric.—Dynamicfrictionbetweentheclothandsolidobjects.Alargervaluewilladdmorefrictionandcausethefabrictoslidelessacrossanobject.Alowervaluewillallowthefabrictoslipoffanobjecteasily,similarlytohowsilkwouldreact.動磨擦力，用於布與碰撞固體（SOLID），值越小，布越滑(likesilk)StaticFric.—Staticfrictionbetweentheclothandsolidobjects.Whentheclothisinstationaryposition,thisvaluewillcontrolitsabilitystaywhereitis,orslipaway.靜磨擦力，與動磨擦力類似，它決定布料由靜止時受力是偏向於滑開還是粘住其他表面SelfFric.—Frictionbetweentheclothanditself.Thisissimilartodynamicandstaticfriction,butappliestocloth-to-clothorself-collisions.Alargervaluewillcausemorefrictionbetweentheclothanditself.用於布料與布料或是布料自身碰撞的磨擦力（包括靜、動摩擦力）SeamForce—Notpresentlyusedandonlykeptforbackwardcompatibilitywitholderversionsoftheformerproduct,calledStitch.Thiswasaglobalseamstrength,butseamstrengthisnowdefinedonaseam-by-seambasisattheSeamssub-objectlevel.僅用於相容老版本STITCH，模擬一種球形力，現在移作SEAMS子物體極別定義UScale—ControlshowmuchtoshrinkorexpandtheclothalongtheUdirection(asdefinedbyGarmentMaker).Fornon-GarmentMakermeshes,thisappliesauniformscalingtotheclothalongbothaxes,andtheVScaleparameterisignored).Avalueoflessthan1willshrinkthefabricatsimulationtime,whileavalueofmorethan1willstretchit.控制U向的收縮或擴展力，如果用於非GarmentMaker物體，此值將同時作用于U向和V向，下面的VScale值將被忽略VScale—ControlshowmuchtoshrinkorexpandtheclothalongtheVdirection(asdefinedbyGarmentMaker).Avalueoflessthan1willshrinkthefabricatsimulationtime,whileavalueofmorethan1willstretchit.Basedon—ListsthepresetthattheClothPropertiesarebasedon.Whenyoumodifysomeparametersandsaveapreset,itwillusethenameofthelastpresetyouloadedastheBasedonname.Anisotropic—Whenon,Bend,B-Curve,andStretchparameterscanbesetseparatelyfortheUandVdirections(asdefinedbyGarmentMaker.Fornon-GarmentMakermeshes,thismakesnosense,andyoumaygetsomestrangebehaviorifyousetdifferentvalues).此參數用於解開U向與V向的同步鎖定UseEdgeSprings—Enablesanalternativemethodforcalculatingstretch.Whenon,stretchforceisbasedonspringsalongtriangleedges.(Whereas,normally,thestretchandshearforcesarecalculatedinamoresophisticatedmannertomoreaccuratelyreflecttheunderlyingphysics).使用邊長彈性，作用力類似Stretch（布料的延展性），使用此屬性，意指，三角邊被拉得越長，延展性就越小，有助於維持原來的形狀UseSolidFriction—Usesthefrictionofthecollisionobjecttodeterminefriction.Valuesforcollisioncanbeassignedeithertotheclothorthecollisionobjects.Thisenablesyoutosetdifferentfrictionvaluesforeachcollisionobject.指定使用碰撞物體的磨擦力值，可用於模擬布料滑過不同表面（砂紙與大理石）時的表現KeepShape—Whenon,preservestheshapeofthemesh.Innormaloperation,whenClothcreatesasimulation,ittriesto"flattenout"thecloth.保持形狀，有助於保留像衣褶等細節Youcanseethiseffectbycreatingaplane,applyingaBendmodifiertoit,addingtheClothmodifier,turningoffgravityandsimulating.You'llseethattheclothtriestoreturntoitsoriginal,flatshape.CollisionObject—Setstheselectedobject(intheleft-handcolumn)toacollisionobject.Thiswillallowclothobjectstobounceofforwraparoundthisobject.CollisionPropertiesgroup碰撞物體屬性Depth—Collisiondepth.Ifaportionofclothreachesthisdepthinsideacollisionobject,thenthesimulationwillnolongertrytopushtheclothoutofthemesh.Thisvalueismeasuredin3dsmaxunits.碰撞深度，布料穿透碰撞物體超過這個值之後就不會再被推出，這個值是MAX的尺寸單位Offset—Theamountofdistancekeptbetweentheclothandthecollisionobject.Averylowvaluecancausethecollisionmeshtoprotrudeoutfromunderthecloth.Averyhighvaluewilllooklikethefabricisfloatingontopofthecollisionobject.Thisvalueismeasuredin3dsmaxunits.碰撞距離,定義布料與物體表面的距離Dyn.Fric.—Dynamicfrictionbetweentheclothandthisparticularsolidobject.Alargervaluewilladdmorefrictionandcausethefabrictoslideacrossanobjectless.Alowervaluewillallowthefabrictoslipofanobjectveryeasily,similarlytohowsilkwouldreact.ThisvalueisonlyusedforinteractionwithclothobjectsthathaveUseSolidFrictionenabled,otherwisethefrictionvalueistakenfromtheclothsownproperties.StaticFric.—Staticfrictionbetweentheclothandsolidobjects.Whentheclothisinstationaryposition,thisvaluewillcontrolitsabilitystaywhereitis,orslipaway.ThisvalueisonlyusedforinteractionwithclothobjectsthathaveUseSolidFrictionenabledotherwisethefrictionvalueistakenfromtheclothsownproperties.