InternationaltreatyontobaccocontrolLadiesandGentleman:Tobeginwith,Iwouldliketotellyouallapieceofgoodnews.Atreabythataimstoreduceamajorcauseofdeathanddiseasejustwentintoeffect.ThetreatyiscalledtheFrameworkConventiononTobaccoControl.ItisthefirstpublichealthtreatynegotiatedbytheWorldHealthOrganization.Morethanonehundredandsixtycountrieshavesighedit.Countriesthatsignthetreatythenmustapproveitwithintheirgovernments.Sofar,fewerthansixtycountrieshavedonethat .Butonlyfortycountriesneededtoratifythetreatytobringitintoforce .ThetreatywentintoeffectonFebruary27th2005.Nationsthatratifythetreatymustraiepricesandtaxesoncigarettesandothertobaccoproducts.Theymustfightillegaltradeintobaccoproducts.Andtheymustplacecontrolsonsecond-handsmoke,smokefromotherpeople'stobacco.Thetreatyalsoadvertisingandothermarketingcampaignsfortobacco.Butthisistrueonlyifsuchabanwouldnot violateanationalconstitution.Thetreatycallsfortabaccocompaniestomakepublicallthesubstancestheyusetomakecigarettes.Andhealthwarningsmaynotincludeininformationthatmightleadpeopletobelievethatsomecigatettesareless harmfulthanothers.Expertssaythereisnosuchthingasasafecigarette.Also,governmentsthatapprove thetreatymustsupportprogramstohelppeoplestopsmoking.Andtheremust beeducationprogramstourgepeoplenottostart.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthatmorethanone thousandmillionpeoplesmoke. Itsaysthatmorethaneightypercentofsmokersliveindevelopingcountries.Anditalsosaysthattobacco killsone-halfofthosewhokeepusingit.Eachyearalmostfivemillionpeopleworldwidediefromtheeffectsofsmoking.Atcurrentratesofgrowth,expertssaythenumbercouldreachtenmillionayearby 2020.Smoking causesorincreasesthe riskofmanydiseases.Theseincludecancerand heartdisease. Pregnantwomenwhosmoke maydamagetheirunbornchild.Also,arecentstudyoffersmoreevidencethatbreathingtobaccosmokeasachildincreasestheriskoflungcancerlateinlife.TheFrameworkConventiononTobaccoControliswellreceivedbythepeopleallovertheworld,butadditonalagreementsknownasprotocolstostrengthenitareneeded.Forexample,developingnations needfinancialhelptocarryoutthetreaty.Andtherearenopunishmentsforcountriesthatfailtoact.Buttheywillhavetheir recordsexaminedatUnitedNatiojnsconferencesanyway.Thankyou.国际烟草控制公约女士们,先生们:首先,我要告诉大家一个好消息。一个以降低死亡与疾病主要原因为目的的公约刚刚生效。这个公约叫《烟草控制框架公约》 。它是由世界卫生组织主持达成的第一个(具有法律效力的)国际公共卫生条约。已经有160多个国家在公约上签字,签了字的国家必须在他们的国家批准该公约。迄今为止,已批准了公约的国家接近60个。但是只有40个国家需要批准使之生效。该公约在2005年2月27日生效。各缔约国须提高香烟和其他烟草制品的价格和税收,他们必须打击非法的烟草制品贸易,必须采取措施减少公共场所被动吸烟等。公约还禁止烟草广告及烟草商进行赞助活动。但是这样的限制必须不会冒犯该国的宪法规定。公约号召各烟草公司为大众生产香烟替代品。健康的警告词不应该包括可能让吸烟误以为某些香烟的危害程度比其他香烟小的信息。专家说所有的香烟都是不安全的。缔约国还必须支持开展帮助人们戒烟的活动。应该开展告诫人们不要吸烟的教育活动。世界卫生组织的研究
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明,全球目前有烟民约10忆人。80%多的烟民生活在发展中国家。经常吸烟的人一半死于吸烟,每年世界上有近500成人因吸烟而死亡,专家指出,按照目前的增长速度,到2020年,这个数字将达到1,000万。吸烟导致并增加了患各种各样疾病的危险。这些疾病包括癌症和心脏病。吸烟的孕妇可能伤害胎儿。最近研究提供了更多的事实,证明孩子从小就吸入烟雾,他们长大后得肺癌的危险性增大。《烟草控制框架公约》广受世界人民的欢迎,但是补充的
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还需要进一步完善。比如,发展中国家贯彻公约需要资金的支持。对于那些不实行的国家还没有处罚的条例,不过他们的表现将在联合国大会接受检验。我的话完了,谢谢大家。