介绍APM BIOS接口（PPT 53）

IntroducetheAPMBIOSInterfacePresentedbyHantsZhangApprovedbyJRJen&W.LSung2004/03/02Rev.1.06/25/20211Agenda1.APMIntroduction2.APMModel3.APMSoftwareLayer4.APMSoftwareInterface5.FirmwareErrorCodes6.Summaries7.Q&A6/25/202121.APMIntroduction1.1APMOverview1.2APMSystem1.3Terms6/25/202131.1APMOverviewWhatisAPM?APM(advancedpowermanagement)isdefinedbyIntelandMicrosoftCorpin1992.Thelatestversionis1.2.FunctionofAPM:ControlthedevicepowersatethroughBIOS.APMVSACPI:InACPIenvironmentOScontrolalldevice’spowerstateandtheBIOSprovidesysteminformationonly.6/25/202141.2APMSystem6/25/202151.2APMSystemAPMBIOSisthesoftwareinterfacetothemotherboardanditspowermanageddevices.APMdrivermoduleconnectstotheAPMBIOSandcommunicatewiththeAPM-awareapplication.APM-awareDeviceDrivermodulesprovidesthesoftwareinterfaceforadd-indevices.APM-awareApplicationsinterfacewiththeAPMdrivertomonitorandcontrolpowermanagement6/25/202161.3TermsAdd-inDeviceisnotonthemotherboard.APMConnectionisaprotocolandmechanismbywhichanAPMDriverandanAPMBIOSintercommunicate.CPUCOREincludestheCPUclock,cache,systembus,andsystemtimers.Resumetimerisasystemtimerusedtowakeupthesystemfromalowpowerstateataspecifiedtime.SystemIdleisainactivestate.6/25/202172.1SystemPowerState2.2DeviceControl2.3CPUControl2.4SystemPowerStateTransition2.APMModel6/25/202182.1SystemPowerStates2.1.1FullOnState2.1.2APMEnableState2.1.3APMStandby2.1.4APMSuspend2.1.5OffState6/25/202192.1.1FullOnStateTheFullOnStateisthedefaultmode.Systemisonworking.Systemisnotpowermanaged.Alldeviceareon.6/25/2021102.1.2APMEnableStateIntheAPMEnableStatethesystemisdoingworkbutsomeunuseddevicesmaynotbepowered.TheCPUclockisslowedorstoppedanddevicesarepowermanagedasneeded.6/25/2021112.1.3APMStandbyThesystementerstheAPMStandbyStateafterashortperiodinactivity.Thesystemisinalowpowerstatewithsomepowersavings.Mostdeviceareinalowpowermode.TheCPUclockisslowedorstopped.SystemreturnsquicklytotheAPMEnableState.Interruptsmuststillbeprocessednormally.6/25/2021122.1.4APMSuspendThesystementertheAPMSuspendStateafterarelativelylongperiodofinactivity.SystemtakesarelativelongtimetoreturntotheAPMEnableState.SystemisnotworkingandinalowpowerstatewithmaximumpowersavingsMostpowermanageddevicearenotpoweredTheCPUclockisstoppedandtheCPUcoreisinitsminimumpowerstate.6/25/2021132.1.5OffStateInthisStatethesystemisnotworking.Thepowersupplyisoff.Operationalparametersarenotsaved.SystemresetsandinitializeswhenthetransitioningtotheFullOnState.6/25/2021142.2DeviceControl2.2.1DeviceControlOverview2.2.2DeviceOnMode2.2.3DevicePowerManagedMode2.2.4DevicePowerLowMode2.2.5DeviceOffMode6/25/2021152.2.1DeviceControlOverviewDevicesmaybepower-managedeitherbythesystemBIOSorbytheOS.Usingthe“DisableDevicePowerManagement”function,theOSmaytelltheBIOStostoppowermanagingaparticulardevice.Thedevicecontrolhasfourmodes:DeviceOn,DevicePowerManaged,DeviceLowPower,andDeviceOff.6/25/202116DeviceOnMode:Inthismodedeviceisfullypoweredandabletoperformwork,alldevicefeaturesareavailable.2.2.2DeviceOnMode6/25/2021172.2.3DevicePowerManagedModeDevicePowerManaged:InthismodeDeviceisworking,butsomefeaturesmaynotbeoperational,ormaybefunctioningatreducedperformancelevels.6/25/202118DeviceLowPower:inthismodedeviceisnotworking.Powerismaintainedanddevicesmayhavevariablenumbersoflowpowersubmodes.2.2.4DeviceLowPower6/25/2021192.2.5DeviceOffModeDeviceOff:inthismodedeviceisnotworking.Deviceispoweredoff.6/25/2021202.3CPUCoreControl2.3.1CPUCoreControlOverview2.3.2CPUCoreControlModes6/25/2021212.3.1CPUCoreControlOverviewTheCPUcoreistypicallythelastdevicetopoweroffandthefirstdevicetopoweron.TheCPUcoreincludestheCPUclock,cache,systembus,andsystemtimers.TheCPUcoreiscontrolledthroughAPMBIOS.APMDrivermaynotifytheAPMBIOSaboutCPUusagebuttheAPMBIOSdeterminestheactiontotake.6/25/202122TheCPUcoreisrequiredtoperformsystempowerstatechanges.SlowClock:Reducedspeedoperation,reducedpowerconsumption,reducedperformancelevel,interruptsrestoretoFullOnMode,restorationtoFullOnappearsinstantaneous.Stop:Onlyahardwareinterruptstartstheclock,restorationtoFullOnappearsinstantaneous.2.3.1CPUCoreControlModes6/25/2021232.4SystemPowerStateTransitions2.4.1StateTransitionsOverview2.4.2SystemStateTransition’sOperation6/25/2021242.4.1StateTransitionOverviewInactivitycausesagradualpoweringdownofthesystem.ThesystemstatechangesarecausedbytheAPMBIOSduetosystemactivitylevel,interrupts,andexternaleventsorduetosoftwarerequests.APMBIOSandAPMDrivercooperatetoeffectsystemstatetransitions.6/25/2021252.4.2StateTransition’sOperation6/25/2021263.APMSoftwareLayer3.1APMSoftwareoverview3.2TheBIOSLayer3.3TheOperatingSystemLayer3.4TheApplicationLayer6/25/2021273.1APMSoftwareLayerOverview6/25/202128TheAPMDriversendsinformationtotheAPMBIOSviafunctioncalls.TheAPMDriverusespollingfunctioncallstotheAPMBIOStogatherinformationaboutpowermanagementevents.TheAPMDriverexchangespowermanagementinformationwithitsAPM-awareapplications.3.1APMSoftwareLayerOverview(Cont.)6/25/2021293.2APMBIOSLayerTheAPMBIOSinterfacesdirectlytothepowermanagedsystemmotherboardhardware.BIOSmayprovidesomedegreeofpowermanagementfunctionalitywithoutanysupportfromOSorapplicationTheAPMBIOSwillconnectwithAPMDrivertoenhancethefunctionality.ItissuppliedbytheOEMandisspecifiedtothehardwareplatform.6/25/2021303.3TheOSLayerTheAPMDriverhasthreeprimarypowermanagementfunctionsasfollowings.PassingcallsandinformationbetweentheapplicationandAPMBIOSlayers.Arbitratingapplicationpowermanagementcallsinamultitaskingenvironment.IdentifyingpowersavingopportunitiesnotapparentattheapplicationorBIOSlayer.6/25/2021313.4TheApplicationLayerAPM-awareapplicationsassistinpowermanagementbyprovidinginformation.DifferentOSmayprovidevaryinglevelsofsupportforAPM-awareapplicationsanddevicedrivers.6/25/2021324.APMSoftwareInterface4.1PowerManagementEvents4.2APMFunctionOverview4.3APMStandardFunctionsCall4.4OEMDefinedFunctionsCall6/25/2021334.1PowerManagementEvents4.1.1PMEventsOverview4.1.2PMEventsCodes6/25/2021344.1.1PMEventsOverviewPowerManagementEventsarecommunicatedfromtheAPMBIOStotheAPMDriver.TheAPMDriverpollstodetermineifaPowerManagementEventhasoccurredbyissuingtheGetPMEventcall.TheAPMBIOSprovidesnotificationofaPowerManagementEventonlyonce.6/25/2021354.1.2PMEventsCodes0001HSystemStandbyRequestNotification0002HSystemSuspendRequestNotification0003HNormalResumeSystemNotification0004HCriticalResumeSystemNotification0005HBatteryLowNotification0006HPowerStatusChangeNotification0007HUpdateTimeNotification0008HCriticalSystemSuspendNotification0009HUserSystemStandbyRequestNotification6/25/202136000AHUserSystemSuspendRequestNotification.000BHSystemStandbyResumeNotification000Ch-CapabilitiesChangeNotification000DH-00FFHReservedSystemEvents0100H–01FFHReservedDeviceEvents0200H-02FFHOEMDefinedAPMEvents0300H-FFFFHReserved4.1.2PMEventsCodes(Cont.)6/25/2021374.2APMFunctionOverview4.2.1CPUUsageFunctions4.2.2PowerDeviceIDs4.2.3APMFunctions6/25/2021384.2.1CPUUsageFunctionsAPMBIOSdefinesCPUIdleandCPUBusyfunctionsandthesefunctionsareusedbytheAPMDrivertoindicateCPUusagetotheAPMBIOS.TheCPUIdlefunctionmeansthattheAPMDriverdetectedminimalprocessingattheapplicationlevel.TheCPUBusyfunctionmeansthattheAPMDriverdetectedthattheapplicationlevelisnolongeroperatingwithminimalprocessing.6/25/2021394.2.2PowerDeviceIDsThePowerDeviceIDaresavedintoBXregister.00hAPMBIOS01hAlldevicespowermanagedbytheAPM01xxhDisplay02xxhSecondaryStorage03xxhParallelPorts04xxhSerialPorts05xxhNetworkAdaptors6/25/20214006xxhPCMCIAsockets07xxhReserved80xxhBatteries81xxh-dffhReservedExxxhOEM-definedPowerDeviceIDsFxxxhReservedOEMdefinedPowerDeviceIDsaccommodatedevicessuchasCoprocessors,Memory,Keyboard,Mice,otherHandheldentrydevices,PCMCIAcards,andclocks.4.2.2PowerDeviceIDs(Cont.)6/25/2021414.2.3APMFunctionsAPMSessionFunctionsdetermineswhetherAPMBIOSsupportexists.APMStatusandControlFunctionsqueryand/orcontrolthepowerstateofthesystemand/ordevices.PMEventPollingreturnsinformationaboutapowerevent.OEMDefinedFunctionsarereservedforOEMAPMimplementationsincludingOEMDefinedFunctionandOEMInstallationcheck.6/25/2021424.3APMStandardFunctionsCall4.3.1APMStandardFunctionsCallOverview4.3.2APMStandardFunctionsCallsample.6/25/2021434.3.1APMStandardFunctionsCallOverviewSetPowerState(07h).GetPowerState(0Ah).GetCapabilities(10h).6/25/202144Call“SetPowerState”functionINT15hAH=53HAPMAL=07H(SetPowerState)BX=PowerdeviceIDCX=PowerstateReturns:iffunctionsuccessfulCarry=0;iffunctionfailedCarry=1,AH=ErrorCode4.3.2APMStandardFunctionsCallSample6/25/2021454.4OEMDefinedFunctionsCall4.4.1OEMAPMInstallationCheck(80h)4.4.2OEMAPMFunction(80h)6/25/2021464.4.1OEMAPMInstallationCheckThiscallcheckstoseeiftheAPMBIOSsupportsOEMhardware-dependentfunctions.INT15hAH=53HAPMAL=80HOEMAPMBH=7FHInstallationcheckReturns:iffunctionssuccessfulCarry=0,BX=OEMID,orCarry=1,AH=ErrorCode(OEM–Defined).6/25/2021474.4.2OEMAPMFunction(80h)ThisfunctionaccessesOEMproduct-specificAPMfunctions.AH=53HAPMAL=80HOEMAPMBH=00H-7EH,80H-FFHOEMDefinedReturns:iffunctionssuccessfulCarry=0,orCarry=1,AH=ErrorCode(OEM–Defined).6/25/2021485.FirmwareErrorCodes5.1ErrorCodeGroupings5.2SomeImportantErrorCode6/25/2021495.1ErrorCodeGroupingsInterfaceandgeneralerrors00h-1FhCPUErrors20h-3FhDeviceerrors40h-5FhSystemerrors60h-7FhPMEventErrors80h-9FhReservederrorsA0h-FEhUndefinedfunctionFFh6/25/2021505.2SomeImportantErrorCode01hPowerManagementfunctionalitydisabled.09hUnrecognizedDeviceID.60hUnabletoenterrequestedstate6/25/2021516.SummariesAPMBIOSInterfacemasksthedetailsofhardwarespecific.ThisallowadeveloperwithouttheknowledgeofhardwaretodevelopapplicationscontrollingthePowerManagement.APMBIOScommunicateswithhardwareandOSDrivertoenhancedthePowerManagementeffectiveness.APMBIOScontrolthehardwarepowerconsumption6/25/2021527.Q&AThanksALot!6/25/202153演讲完毕，谢谢观看！