虚拟语气用法总结(超好)(PPT33页)

虚拟语气概念：虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中虚拟条件从句(If)主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设过去式be--wereshould/would/could/might+dohaddoneshould/would/could/might+havedone过去式（be--were）shoulddoweretodoshould/would/could/might+doIfyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.（过去虚拟）1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议（现在虚拟）2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。（将来虚拟）3.如果你以前好好学习，你会通过考试的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.Ifitrained（shouldrain/weretorain）tomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you______sotired.drove;didn’tgetdrove;wouldn’tgetweredriving;wouldn’tgethaddriven;wouldn’thavegot1.if从句中，省略if，were，had，should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），否定词not不能放在前面。1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.2.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.3.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,……WereIyou,……Shoulditraintomorrow,…….________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.WillIfitshouldraintomorrow(省略if，用部分倒装）2.错综时间虚拟语气当从句与主句时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyou____________(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_________(be)betternow.Ifyou__________(study)hardbefore,you_______(be)acollegestudentnow.hadfollowedwouldbehadstudiedwouldbeIfyou______withGeorgeearlier,you_____soangrynow.talked;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnotbewouldtalk;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnothavebeenIfwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_____soseriouslynow.isnotpollutedwouldnotbepollutedhadnotbeenpollutedwouldnothavebeenpolluted3、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有otherwise，or，without，butfor（倘没有，要不是）等。1.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.2.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.3.Without/Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,…Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife______quitedifferenttoday.iswillbewouldhavebeenwouldbeButforhishelp,I______.shouldnothavesucceededhavenotsucceededdidnotsucceedhadnotsucceededHehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.hadscoredscoredwouldscorewouldhavescoredItisstrangethat_______________________.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。Itisnecessarythat___________________________.有必要派他去北京。二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用1，It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/impossible…that主语+(should)+动词原形he(should)saysohebesenttoBeijing2.Itisapity/ashame/asurprise/nowonderthat主语+(should)+V原形Itisagreatpitythat___________________.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。he(should)thinkso3.Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/（1234）+that+主语+(should)+V原形It’ssuggestedthattheplanshouldbecarriedout.Itissuggestedthat___________________________________________.有人建议，晚会周六举行。theparty（should）beheldonSaturday一个坚持insisted两道命令ordered,commanded三条建议advised,suggested,proposed四点要求demanded,required,requested,desiredItisrequiredthatyou____atsix.willarrive B.arrive  C.arrived    D.wouldarrive2.Itisstrangethatthelazyboy_____passtheexam.A.hasB.shouldC.wouldD.might3.Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_____cleaner.A.shouldbemade    B.ismade   C.wouldbemade    D.wasmade三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用1.在wish引导的宾语从句中与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来 事实相反 过去时（were）过去完成时、had+donecouldhavedoneShould/would/could/might+动词原形Iwish(that)he________________(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_________(visit)ustoday.Iwishhe____________________________(visit)usyesterday.wouldvisitvisitedhadvisitedIwishI_____themeetinglastweek.A.couldattendB.attended   C.haveattendedD.hadattended2.在表示坚持，要求,命令,建议的宾语从句中一个坚持______________两个命令______________三个建议__________________________四个要求__________________________+that主语+（should）+V原形Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)try（try）tolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tell（tell）himthenews.insistorder,commandadvise,suggest,proposedemand,require,request,desire注意：suggest:表明，暗示陈述语气建议虚拟语气Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_____（be)ill.Herfriendssuggestedthatshe________________(send)tohospitalimmediately.Insist：坚持说，陈述语气坚持要求虚拟语气Heinsistedthathe____________(notsteal)themoney.Heinsistedthathe_____________(set)free.was(should)besenthadn’tstolen(should)beset3.在wouldrather宁愿wouldpreferwouldsooner+宾语从句中hadratherwouldassoon与现在或将来事实相反过去时动词过去式/were与过去事实相反过去完成时haddoneIwouldratheryou______(come)herenow.Iwouldratheryou______(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou__________(nottell)methetruthyesterday.camehadn’ttoldcame四、虚拟语气的其他用法1.asif/asthough（好像）+从句(与wish一样)ifonly(要是……就好了）IfonlyI_____(be)abirdIfonlyyou_____________（listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI__________（be）asuperstarsomeday.Helooksasifhe_________anartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhe_______it.werehadlistenedwouldbewerehadseen2.Itis(high/about)time+(that)从句动词过去式should（不可省略）+do该是某人做某事的时候了。Itishightimethatyougotup/shouldgetup.I’mgettingtired;it’stimewe_____home.A.goB.aregoingC.wentD.shouldbegoing3、在forfearthat,incase,lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：（should）+do。并且should能省略（forfearthat，lest），incase不能省略Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief__________(come)in.她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。Hestartedoutearlierlesthe________(be)late.他早早的就出发了以防迟到。(should)come(should)be4、在sothat/inorderthat 所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：may(might)can(could)+doshouldHegoesclosertothespeakersothathe_______himclearer.(hear)他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。Hereadthelettercarefullyinorderthathe___________aword.(miss)他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。canhearshouldnotmiss5.用于“May+主语+动词原形+其他”Mayyouhavealongandhappylife！祝您快乐长寿！Mayyoumakegreaterprogress!祝你取得更大进步！6.supposing/providing假如，如果evenif/eventhrough即使的虚拟与if相同7.情态动词+havedone(1)could/mighthavedone表示过去本来可以(能够)做某事，但实际上没有做到。(2)should(oughtto)havedone“本应该……”，表示过去应该做而没做(3)needn’thavedone必要做某事，但实际做了8.(1234)名词后定语从句--陈述语气同位、表语从句—虚拟语气结束啦！演讲完毕，谢谢观看！