2019-2020年高考英语 非谓语理解类题型的解题技巧和方法讲义复习

2019-2020年高考英语非谓语理解类题型的解题技巧和方法讲义复习一.准确辨析非谓语动词理解类题型，尤其要区分出非谓语动词理解类题型与动词时态语态题型和句式类题型（包括状语从句题型和并列句题型）1、什么是非谓语？1）动词不定式（theInfinitive）：2）动名词（theGerund）或现在分词（thePresentParticiple）：3）过去分词（thePastParticiple）：2、非谓语的各种变体（不同形式）及其意义动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。不定式的形式主动被动意义一般式进行式完成式现在分词doing既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能;动名词doing既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。doing的形式主动被动意义一般式完成式过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。过去分词的形式主动被动意义及物动词的过去分词不及物动词的过去分词3、非谓语的否定式：4、非谓语题型 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 分类：记忆类与理解类5、非谓语理解类题型的正确辨析A四个选项是todo/do的各种变体,doing的各种变体或doneB注意区分开非谓语动词理解类题型与动词时态语态题型和句式类题型（包括状语从句题型和并列句题型）例题：第一题_______adiaryandyouwillhavealottolearnfromit.A.TokeepB.KeepingC.KeepD.Ifyoukeep()第二题_______adiary,youwillhavealottolearnfromit.A.TokeepB.KeepingC.KeepD.Kept()辨析方法总结：句中动词使用原则---非谓考点辨别法则---二.理解并掌握非谓语动词理解类题型的解题技巧和方法：两个关系，两类记忆。两个关系：一是关系非谓语的逻辑主语的寻找方法：非谓语在句首，；非谓语在句中且非谓语前有逗号，；非谓语在句中且非谓语前无逗号，；非谓语与其逻辑主语的关系A主动关系：非谓语用，即B被动关系：非谓语用，即被动式总结：或（其中，be的适当形式：）二是关系1、：非谓语形式为done(当done是表示状态的形容词时)tobedoing(只用于固定短语中)2、：非谓语形式为(当done不是表示状态的形容词时)tohavedone(只用于固定短语中)3、：非谓语形式为例题：()1.(09北京24)Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_____onhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow()2.(09重庆25)Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______withhisoldone.A.paringB.paresC.topareD.pared()3.(09北京34)___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten两类记忆一记：A)名词/代词（+adj.）+todo可表示主动，意为，也可表示被动，意为，但表示被动时指的是B)名词/代词（+adj.）+tobedone只可表示被动，意为，但指的是例题：()1.(08全国Ⅰ26)Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood.A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed二记：1、done可以转化为表示，意为2、doing可以转化为表示，意为例题：()1.(08辽宁31)Pleaseremain;thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.A.seatingB.seatedC.toseatD.tobeseated三.在解题中熟练运用非谓语动词理解类题型的解题技巧和方法非谓语理解类题型练习题1.(09安徽28)Theplaynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.producedB.beingproducedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced2(09北京24)Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_____onhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow3.(10北京21)_________atmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked4.(09北京34)___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten5.(09福建32)nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.A.RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded6．(09重庆29)Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnewwithallbyourselveseveryday.A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing7．(09湖南25)Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered8.(09湖南29)Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.A.reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.tobereused9.(09江西22)_________therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowinternationalstars.A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given10.(09海南35)Nowthatwe’vediscussedoutproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions?A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake11.(09山东22)Weareinvitedtoaparty_________inourclubnextFriday.A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding12.(09上海31)Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_____allfourpeopleonboard.A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill13.(09上海33)Withthegovernment’said,those_____bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.A.affectB.affectingC.affectedD.wereaffected14.(09四川4)Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain__________untiltheplanehasetoapletestop.A.seatedB.seatingC.toseatD.seat15.(09四川10)________manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold16.(09天津4)______theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.pletingB.HavingpletedC.TohavepletedD.Toplete17.(09天津9)_____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged18．(09浙江3)_______andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.A.TobetiredB.TiredC.TiringD.Beingtired19.(10北京25)I’mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition______inyesterday’sChinaDaily.A.advertisedB.tobeadvertisedC.advertisingD.havingadvertised20.(08全国Ⅰ26)Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood.A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed21.(08北京31)—Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?—Yes.Butit，Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.A.tofindB.findC.tobefindingD.finding22.(08天津4)theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.A.TothrowB.ThrownC.ThrowingD.Beingthrown23.(08湖南26)Thetreesinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown24.(08陕西14)aroundtheWaterCube，wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthexxOlympicGames.A.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow25.(08重庆29)toreachthemonthephone，wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed26.(08浙江10)thathewasingreatdanger，Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized27.(08福建22)inthequeueforhalfanhour，theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthecheckinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited28.(08福建33)—Canthoseatthebackoftheclassroomhearme?—Noproblem.A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.sat29.(08辽宁31)Pleaseremain;thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.A.seatingB.seatedC.toseatD.tobeseated30.(08北京24)thatshewasgoingofftosleep，Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SeeD.Seen31.Mostofthepeople_____tothepartywerefamousscientists.　A.invited　　B.toinvite　　　　C.beinginvited　D.inviting32.Doyouknowtheboy_____underthebigtree?　A.lay　　　　B.lain　　　　　　C.laying　　　　D.lying33.Thefirsttextbooks_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.　A.havingwrittenB.tobewritten　　C.beingwrittenD.written34.TheOlympicGames,______in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.　A.firstplaying　B.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayed　D.tobefirstplaying35.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystate-runpaniesarestriving______theirproductsmorepetitive.　A.tomake　　B.making　　　C.tohavemade　D.havingmade