南京大学南京大学2003

【名称】南京大学——英语2003年博士研究生入学考试试题 31. When the eye of the hurricane paused over there was a lull in the storm. [ A ] fresh out, burst [ B ] calm interval [ C ]rise in the wind [ D ] freshening, 32, The officer indicted the suspect for sabotage. [ A ] allowed [ B ] ordered [ C ] beseeched [ D ] charged 33. It was the very position that they scrambled for. [ A ] aspired [ B ] fought [ C ] searched [ D ] longed 34. He promised that he would write legibly. [ A ] in accordance with law [ B ] easily to be read [ C ] not in accordance with law [ D ] difficult to be read 35. The rock was poised on the edge of the cliff. [ A ] balanced [ B ] dangling [ C ] enhanced [ D ] perpendicular 36. He reciprocated by wishing her a pleasant journey. [ A ] cut off [ B ] got back [ C ]] gave in return [ D ] put back 37. No remnants of the settlement of Roanoke were found by the next group of colonists. [ A] traces [ B ] survivors [ C ] buildings [ D ] implements 38. When the bell rang, the chemistry student jerked her hand. [A] abruptly pulled [ B ] clapped [ C ] gently moved [ D] rubbed 39. He is dubious about the success of the plan. [A] ambiguous [ B ] articulate [ C ] indifferent [ D ] doubtful 40. In the 197O’s, many governments’ efforts to curb inflation were unsuccessful. [ A ]resist [ B ] induce [ C ] sustain [ D ] control 41. The movie critic said that Airplane, the parody of disaster movies, was hilarious. [ A ] suspensible [ B ] noisily merry [ C ] realistic [ D ] very tragic 42. In spite of medical advances, that disease is usually fatal. [ A ] curable [ B ] painful [ C ] deadly [ D ] disabling 43. The sculptor, Lorenzo Ghiberti, blended medieval grace with Renaissance realism. [A] produced [ B ] combined [ C ] invented [ D] discovered 44. Pilfering by company employees costs many businesses thousands of dollars each year. [ A ] absent-mindedness [ B ] stealing [ C ] tardiness [ D ] ignorance 45. His special character impeded his ability to speak in front of large groups of people. [ A ] hindered [ B ] halted [ C ] accelerated [ D ] fostered Section B Directions: Questions 46 - 60 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. 46. The school could no__ building apartments for the staff members. [ A ] run out [ B ] run out of [C] run to ID] run into 47. We had to wait some time before the menu was brought to us and our orders___ [ A ] taken [ B ] given [ C ] done [ D ] made 48. Anthropology can be an subject. [ A ] abstemious [ B ] abstruse [ C ] ambidextrous [ D ] ambience 49. The Chairman of our dramatic society was in the middle of phoning me when we were IAI cut in {B] cut off ICI cut down ID] cut out 50, Accidents and exhaustion may force more than half the cyclists to drop out ~fore reaching the IAI dead line [ B ] end line [C] finish line ID] finishing line 51, The well-meaning lady always her opinions into matters of no concern to her. [ A ] obtruded [ B ] intruded [ C J extruded [ D ] protruded 52. If you keep getting wrong numbers, your phone could be IAI deceptive [ B ] defective ICI deficient ID] ineffective 53. Researchers claim it’s all the high-rises in this area that make the on television sets so poor. [ A] station [ B ] reception [ C ] programmed [ D] quality 54. The light of day can be seen at about four o’clock. [ A ] incipient [ B ] incisive [ C ] incestuous [ D] incite 55. After spending so many days lost in the desert, he was suffering from severe [A] hyper hydration [ B ] hypo hydration [ C ] sub hydration [ D ] dehydration 56. Henry Adams Joseph Williams as the Ambassador to Russia. [ A ] supervised [ B ] superseded [ C ] superconductor [ D ] supercharged 57. The highest mountain in New Zealand, Mount Cook, is now 10 feet shorter because some of the__ at its top slid down in 1991. [ A ] land [ B ] soil [C] earth [ D ] dirt 58. When Ken studied at Stanford University, he lived the University. [ A ] out of [ B ] apart from IC] distant from [ D ] a long way from 59. On that bitterly cold winter night ,few people walked along the now narrow street. [ A ] deserted [ B ] lonely [ C ] isolated [ D ] neglected 60. The Sears Company recently made because of financial troubles. [ A ] cuts [B] demands ICI omissions ID] orders Part IH STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION (10%) Directions: In questions 61 -- 70, each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentence  are marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. 61. People lived at the mid-level and mountain slopes experienced the greatest catastrophe when the incessant rain caused a sudden land-slide over the area. 62. The course leader requests that all theses are handed in before 5 0 p. m. next Friday. 63. The group of spectators was dispersed by the police who was at the scene of the accident within minutes. 64. Why don’t you try your hand at printing, now that you have retired job. 65. Only by this means you can do what is expected of you. 66. The committee have decided at its annual meeting that new regulation regarding this phenomenon be imposed as soon as possible. 67. No bank keeps enough cash paying all its depositors in full at one time.’ 68. In his responses to the advertisement, Ed replied that he was looking for a full-time position not part-time one. 69. While still a young boy Bizet knew how to play the piano well and as he grew elder, he wrote operas, the most famous of which is Carmen. 70. The house has been vacant for a year when the new tenant arrived bringing with him several pets Part IV CLOZE TEST (10 % ) Directions: For each blank for questions 71 -- 80 in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices given following the passage. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. Several regions in the world are subject 71 storms which are so severe that they 72 damage on a tremendous scale. The regions where this 73 are all located on the edges of great oceans. The general term for such severe storms is "cyclone." The term "hurricane" is 74 for storms that occur in the North Atlantic Ocean. Cyclones and hurricanes differ in one curious way- in a cyclone, the wind circulates 75 a clock-wise direction; in a hurricane, the wind direction is counter-clockwise. 76 cyclones mid hurricanes have one ominous similarity. From the point of view of the damage they cause on land and at sea, they are identical. Australia 77 a number of cyclones every year along its northern coast, which faces Indonesia. The cyclones occur mainly in December and January, the summer months in the southern hemisphere. Usually the Australian cyclones don't cause great damage because Australia's northern territory has vast, empty regions that are virtually unpopulated. There are few coastal cities. When a cyclone does move 78 from the sea, it usually blows itself out without striking any inhabited area or causing extensive damage. However, in 1971 the small city of Townville was 79 devastated by a cyclone. There was public outcry about it. People demanded an adequate warning system. Ever since then, the Meteorological Bureau has regularly issued alarms 80 every serious cyclone. 71. IA] to [ B] for [C] of ID] on 72. IAI suffer [BI devastate ICI cause ID] make 73. [ A] is happened [ B ] happens [ C ] is happening [ D ] will happen 74. IAI called [BI named [C] reserved ID] defined 75. [A] at [B] under [C] for ID] in 76. [ A] But [ B] Therefore [ C] Besides [ D] And 77. [ A ] culminates [ B ] undergoes [ C ] undertakes [ D ] experiences 78. [ A ] into the land [ B ] inlands [ C ] inland [ D ] through land 79. [ A ] slightly [ B ] hardly [ C ] scarcely [ D ] completely 80.[A] in spit of [ B] regardless of [C] in front of [DJ in advance of Part V READING COMPREHENSION (20%) Directions: In this section you will read five passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. For questions 81 -- 100,you are to choose the one best answer A,B,C or D to each question. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. Passage One If you are buying a property in France, whether for a permanent or a holiday home, it is important to open a French bank account. Although it is possible to exist on traveler’s cheques, Eurocheques and cred it cards issued by British banks, the fees for these services can be expensive. The simplest way to pay regular bills, such as electricity, gas or telephone, particularly when you are not in residence, is by direct debit (a sum withdrawn from an account) from your French account. To open a current account, you will need to show your passport and birth certificate and to provide your address in the United Kingdom. You will be issued with a cheque book within weeks of opening the account. In France it is illegal to be overdrawn. All accounts must be operated in credit. However, there are no bank charges. Note that cheques take longer to clear in France than in Britain, and can only be stopped if stolen or lost. The easiest way to transfer money from a British bank account to a French one is by bank transfer: simply provide your British bank with the name, address and number of your French bank account. The procedure takes about a week and costs between 7 and 40 for each transaction, depending on your British bank. Alternatively, you can transfer money via a French bank in London. You can also send a sterling cheque (allow at least 12 days for the cheque to be cleared) ,Eurocheques or traveler’s cheques. Finally, it is a good idea to make a friend of your French bank manager. His help can prove invaluable. 81. If you buy a property in France, you can save money by [ A] having a French bank account [ B ] transferring money from Britain [ C ] cashing traveler’s cheques or Eurocheques [ D ] using credit cards issued by British banks 82. One advantage French banks have over British banks is that [ A ] you may take out more money than is in the account. [ B ] the interest rates on bank accounts are higher [ C ] cheques are dealt with more rapidly [ D ] you do not have to pay for services 83. The swiftest way to send money from England to France is [ A ] to forward an English cheque to your French bank [ B ] to go to a French bank in London [C ] to use a cashier's cheque. [ D ] to arrange a bank transfer. 84. The best title for this passage is [ A ] How to Open a French Bank Account [ B ] The Difference between Banking in Britain and France [ C ] The Way to Transfer Money from Britain to France [ D] A Guide to Banking in France Passage Two Does a drink a day keep heart attacks away? Over the past 20 years, numerous studies have found that moderate alcohol consumption say, one or two beers, glasses of wine or cocktails daily helps to prevent coronary heart disease. Last week a report in the New England Journal of Medicine added strong new evidence in support of that theory. More important, the work provided the first solid indication of how alcohol works to protect the heart. In the study, researchers from Boston's Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School compared the drinking habits of 340 men and women who had suffered recent heart attacks with those of healthy people of the same age and sex. The scientists found that people who sip one to three drinks a day are about haft as likely to suffer heart attacks as nondrinkers are. The apparent source of the protection: those who drank 'alcohol had higher blood levels of high-density lipoproteins, the so-called good cholesterol ,which is known to repel heart disease. As evidence has mounted, some doctors have begun recommending a daily drink for patients of heart diseases. But most physicians are not ready to recommend a regular happy hour for everyone. The risks of teetotal ling are nothing compared with the dangers of too much alcohol, including high blood pressure, strokes and liver troubles not to mention violent behavior and traffic accidents. Moreover, some studies suggest that even moderate drinking may increase the incidence of breast and colon cancer, Until there is evidence that the benefits of a daily dose of alcohol outweigh the risks, most people won't be able to take a doctor's prescription to the neighborhood bar or liquor store. 85. The medical article quoted in the passage demonstrates [ A ] the way in which alcohol can help the heart [ B ] how a couple of cocktails daily can stop heart problems [ C ] why alcoholic drinks are dangerous to one's health [ D] that reports on the advantages of alcohol were misfounded 86. Experiments showed that nondrinkers had [ A ] larger amounts of good cholesterol [ B ] smaller amounts of good cholesterol [ C ] higher blood pressure [ D ] lower blood pressure 87. According to the passage, moderate drinking [ A ] is recommended by most doctors for heart patients [ B ] should be allowed on prescription [ C ] is still not medically advisable [ D] is not related to liver problems 88. The main theme of this passage is [ A ] the change in recent drinking habits [ B ] the connection between cancer and alcohol [ C ] whether moderate drinkers outlive nondrinkers [ D] whether alcohol may be good for your health Passage Three In its 16 years, the London Marathon has acquired a pedigree of excellence. That excellence is not just the awesome energy of the best runners and the smoothness of the organization, but also the quality of determination shown by all the competitors, male and female, able-bodied and disabled. When more than 26,000 gather at Greenwich tomorrow morning, only a few will be in the running to win the big prize money. The success of this event is that most of the athletes would be prepared to pay serious money just for the privilege of running the 26 miles 385 yards to The Mall past the most famous urban scenery in the world. The London Marathon has become one of Britain's leading sports events. Since 1981 ,something like 45 million has been raised in individual sponsorship for charities. Tomorrow hundreds and thousands of people will line the route to cheer and to gasp in sympathetic participation. Millions will watch on television. Although they will be excited by the struggle for first place, they will also identify with the ordinary person trying to fulfils his or her physical potential. Many spectators will wonder whether next year they could complete the historic distance. That is how athletic dreams are born. If the London Marathon and the growth in interest in physical fitness have transformed the lives of many adults, it is also important that children should have the opportunity to fulfils their ability in individual competitive sports. Team games should be an essential ingredient of physical education in the national curriculum. However, coexisting with the playing of team games there should be an equal emphasis on the importance of individual competitive sports at all levels in schools. The Government must be careful that in insisting on the value of team games in schools, it does not ignore the value of individual activities, which are practiced throughout the world and form the basis of the Olympic Games. Many of the runners in the London Marathon tomorrow have found courage, fulfillment and fitness through training for the event. These are qualities that schoolchildren can, and should, acquire through a variety of demanding individual activities in physical education. 89. In order to enter the Marathon, participants must [ A ] pay an entrance fee [ B ] assemble in one specific area [ C ] be able to run 26 miles,385 yards [ D ] compete for the right to take part 90, The main attraction of the Marathon for non-participants is [ A ] the amount of money raised for charity [ B ] the chance to take part the following year [ C ] witnessing the contestants' determination [ D ] a concern with the race's history 91. According to the passage, which of the following is true [ A] Individual sports are as important as team games. [ B ] Individual sports are more important than team games. [ C ] Individual sports are less important than team games. [ D ] It is hard to say which is less or more important. 92. According to the writer, the Government's policy on physical education [ A ] should not promote team games at all [ B ] upholds the principles of the Olympic Games [ C ] is active in producing successful Marathon participants [ D ] should encourage those qualities pursued by Marathon participants Passage Four On the track, the form embodies power, each curve and line is molded for speed, For the man at the wheel is the fastest athlete in the world today: Linford Christie, European, Commonwealth and World champion, who has just taken delivery of his new car, the latest version of the Toyota Supra. It is a conspicuously fast car. The result perfectly matches Christie's own character, and shares his inability to compromise when it comes to delivering performance. The Supra, priced a few pence short of 39, 000, is rumored to be capable of 180 mph, but the speed is artificially limited to 155 mph. From a standing start, it can reach 60 mph in under five seconds. The Supra might raise Christie's profile with the police, but if he is pulled over nowadays it is usually by an officer seeking a chat and an autograph rather than anything more official. After an incident in 1988 when he was stopped, he prosecuted the police and won ~ 30, 000 compensation for wrongful arrest. Safety is high on the list of Supra extras, with driver and passenger airbags: antilock braking; electronic traction control to avoid wheel spin; side-impact door beams; and a steering column that collapses to protect the driver in an accident. Then there is the six speed gearbox; cruise control; air-conditioning alarm and immobilizer. Christie ,the British athletics team captain since i990, will enjoy the comfort of the Supra during a hectic few weeks this June and July when he visits Sheffield, Wales, Gateshead, Wrexham, Edinburgh, Crystal Palace, and then Gateshead again, as his season builds towards the Commonwealth Games in August and the World Cup in September. 93. The Supra is a suitable car for Linford Christie because [ A ] it is an expensive model [ B ] it has high standards ICI it helps promote sports ID] it is very safe 94. On the subject of speed, the car can travel [ A ] at a maximum of 180 mph [ B ] at the same speed as the previous model [ C ] at a maximum of 155 mph [ D ] faster than the previous model 95. Nowadays if Christie is stopped by the police it is [ A ] because he drives very fast [ B ] because he is not a thoughtful driver ICI often for informal reasons ID] due to what happened in 1988 96. According to the writer the Supra's most outstanding feature is its [ A ] six-speed gearbox [ B ] alarm system [ C ] air conditioning [ D] safety features Passage Five Cart Van Ands, managing editor of the New York Times, believed in "hard" news, thoroughly and accurately presented. A tireless worker, he often stayed at the office all night. He was there at 1:20 a. m. on April 15,19i2 ,when a distress signal came in from Newfoundland that the pride of Britain's passenger fleet, the Titanic ,was in trouble. The new ship, believed unsinkable, had hit an iceberg and was in some kind, of danger. But was it really serious or just a narrow escape? Had the passengers needed to abandon ship? Van Ands could not tell from the short and confusing message. Although he was generally considered a conservative and cautious man, Van Ands gambled on the unthinkable that the Titanic was sinking. He threw his staff into action; the story was approached from all angles. Some reporters put together lists of famous persons on board; others turned out features about the ship and other important passenger liners; still others did stories on similar sea disasters. In other words, Van Ands and the Times went all the way with the story; they played it big. At other newspapers, editors were more cautious, inserting such words as "rumored" here and there. Van Anda's three-column headline reflected the sureness that has marked the Times throughout its history: NEW LINER HITS ICEBERG; SINKING BY THE BOW AT MIDNIGHT; WOMEN PUT OFF IN LIFEBOATS; LAST WIRELESS 12:27 A. M. Officials of the White Star Line, which owned the Titanic, had been releasing optimistic statements all during the day of April 15 ,and did not confirm Van Anda's story until the evening of April 16. Van Anda's final edition, which went to press about three hours after the Times had received the first brief wireless report, stated flatly that the Titanic had sunk. This was perhaps a great risk on Van Anda's part and his "deductive journalism" may have shocked many, but it remains as one of the great against-a-deadline news coverage feats in all journalism. 97. "He was there at 1:20 A. M. on April 15,1912,when a distress signal came in from Newfoundland that the pride of Britain's passenger fleet, the Titanic, was in trouble. "Which of the following statements is true? [ A ] Newfoundland was the pride of Britain's passenger fleet. [ B ] The Titanic was part of Britain's passenger fleet. [ C ] Britain's passenger fleet was in trouble. [D] Newfoundland was in distress. 98. "Although he was generally considered a conservative and cautious man, Van Ands gambled on the unthinkable that the Titanic was sinking. "This means that [ A ] Van Anda was thought to be careless [ B ] Van Anda didn't think the Titanic was sinking [ C ] Van Anda took a chance [ D ] Van Anda gambled on the Titanic 99. "Van Anda's three-column headline reflected the sureness that has marked the Times throughout its history. "This means that [ A ] the Times has been serf-assured [ B J the Times is thorough [ C ] the history of the Times is reflected in its headlines [ D ] the Times has a distinguished record 100. "Officials of the White Star Line, which owned the Titanic ,had been releasing optimistic statements all during the day of April 15 ,and did not confirm Van Anda's story until the evening of April 16." This means that [ A ] the owners of the Titanic did not at first send out accurate reports [ B ] the owners of the Titanic quickly admitted it was sinking [ C ] the owners of the Titanic did not confirm Van Anda's story [ D ] the owners of the Titanic did not think the Titanic would sink Part VI TRANSLATION (30 %) Section A Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Modern science has opened up the path for the progress of production techniques and determined the direction of their development. Many new instruments of production and technological processes first see the light of day in the scientific laboratories. A series of newborn industries have been founded on the basis of newly-emerged disciplines of science and technology. Of course there are, and there will be, many theoretical research topics with no practical application in plain sight for the time being. However a host of historical facts have proved that once a major breakthrough is scored in theoretical research, it means tremendous progress for production and technology sooner or later. Contemporary natural sciences are being applied to production on an unprecedented scale and at a higher speed than ever before. This has given all fields of material production an entirely new look. In particular, the development of electronic computers and automation technology is raising the degree of automation in production. With the same amount of manpower and in the same number of work-hours, people can turn out scores or hundreds of times more products than before. How is it that the social productive forces have made such tremendous advances and how is it that labor productivity has increased by such a big margin7 Mainly through the power of science ,the power of technology. Therefore ,we maintain that the development of modern science and technology has linked science and production even closer together. As part of the productive forces, science and technology are coming to p1ay an even greater role than ever before.