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PAGEPAGE35国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access交通agreement同意、协议allocation分配、配置approval同意、批准arbitration仲裁AsiaDevelopmentBank亚洲开发银行assistant助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托BillofQuantities(BOQ)工程量表civilworks土建工程claim索赔comment评论、意见commercialmanager商务经理conditionsofcontract合同条件generalconditions通用条件conditionsofparticularapplication专用条件specialconditionsofcontract特别条件ConditionsofcontractforWorksofCivilEngineeringConstruction土木 工程施工 建筑工程施工承包1园林工程施工准备消防工程安全技术交底水电安装文明施工建筑工程施工成本控制 合同条件constructionmanagement 施工 文明施工目标施工进度表下载283施工进度表下载施工现场晴雨表下载施工日志模板免费下载 管理consultant顾问contractagreement合同协议Contractor承包商cooperation合作coordination协作cost费用costcontrol成本控制counterclaim反索赔demobilization退场department部门Designer设计者drawing图纸shopdrawing车间图designdrawing设计图as-builtdrawing竣工图bluedrawing蓝图transparentdrawing透明图constructiondrawing施工图electricworks电气工程Employer(Client/Owner)业主Engineer工程师Engineer'srepresentative工程师代表engineeringproject工程项目internationalproject国际工程overseasproject海外工程domesticproject国内工程equipment设备expatriate外籍职员expert专家export出口FederationofCivilEngineeringContractor土木工程承包商联合会formal正式的hydromechanicalworks金结工程import进口inchargeof负责、主管informal非正式的InstitutionofCivilEngineers(ICE)土木工程师协会instrument仪器、器械insurance保险labour劳务layout布置leadingcompany(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation)责任、义务lumpsump总包machinery机械manpower(humanresource)人力资源Manufacturer制造商material材料measure办法、措施takeeffectivemeasures采取有效措施measurement测量、计量memorandum备忘录mobilization进场objection反对payment支付plant设备pointofview(opinion)观点、意见prequalification资格预审procurement采购profit利润progresscontrol进度控制projectmanager项目经理qualitycontrol质量控制request(application)申请、请求review审查risk风险riverclosure截流riverdiversion导流safety安全signature签名site工地、现场siteengineer现场工程师specification规格、规范staff职员Subcontractor分包商submission提交supervise监督、监视Supplier供货商theInternationalChamberofCommerce国际商会unitprice单价variation(change)变更WorldBank世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（ExcavationandSupport)明挖（OpenExcavation)benchexcavation台阶开挖concreteexcavation砼开挖faultexcavation断层开挖foundationexcavation基础开挖localexcavation局部开挖mass(bulk)excavation大面积开挖protectivelayerexcavation保护层开挖rockexcavation岩石开挖slopeexcavation边坡开挖softgroundexcavation软基开挖soilexcavation土方开挖structuralexcavation结构开挖toothexcavation齿槽开挖unclassifiedmaterialexcavation不分类料开挖coefficientofnonuniformity开挖不均匀系数cutofftrench截水槽dewatering(drainage)排水excavationpit开挖基坑intensityofexcavation开挖强度overexcavate(overbreak)超挖pumpsump水泵坑Underexcavate(underbreak)欠挖underbreaktreatment欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（TunnelandUndergroundExcavation)aroundofexcavation一个开挖循环adit支洞advance进尺advancesdepth进尺深度breakinghole崩落孔cushionhole缓冲孔drift掏槽bottomdrift底部掏槽centerdrift中心掏槽sidedrift边部掏槽topdrift顶部掏槽drilling钻孔driving(progress)rate进尺率easer掏槽孔erectingsupportsfortheroofandsidewall对顶拱及边墙进行支护fullfaceexcavation全断面开挖headingandbenchexcavation导流与台阶开挖loadingandhaulingmuck(mucking)装拉渣loading(charging)装药perimeterhole周边孔pilottunnel导洞removingdust除尘removinggroundwater清除地面积水shootingtheexplosive(blasting)放炮topheadingexcavation上导洞开挖ventilation通风钻孔爆破(DrillingandBlasting)abandonedhole废孔averageholedepth平均孔深averagequantityusedinunitvolumeblasted平均单耗blastingresult爆破结果blockness块度controlledperimeterblasting周边控制爆破dataofexplosivefilled装药参数dataofholesdrilled钻孔参数delayedblasting延时爆破exploratoryhole探孔explosivequantity药量explosivequantityinasound单响药量handlingmisfire处理哑炮lightcharge少量装药looseningblasting松动爆破pattern布孔方式distancebetweenholes孔距distancebetweenrows排距postshearingblasting微差爆破presplitingblasting预裂爆破quantityofholes孔数smoothblasting光面爆破延时支护(rocksupport)expansionshellrockbolt胀壳式张拉锚杆featurerockanchor随机锚索featurerockbolt随机张拉锚杆featurerockdowel随机砂浆锚杆featurerockreinforcement随机加固latticegirder钢桁架、格构大梁patterncementgroutedrockdowel系统水泥浆锚杆patternresingroutedrockdowel系统树脂浆锚杆patternrockdowel系统砂浆锚杆patternrockreinforcement系统加固permanentrocksupport永久支护post-tensionedcementgroutedtendonrockanchor后张拉水泥浆锚索reboundmaterial回弹料returnrockbolt回头张拉锚杆returnrockreinforcement回头加固shotcreteanchorage喷锚shotcretewithwiremesh挂网喷砼steelfabricshotcrete钢纤维喷砼steelrib钢拱架temporaryrocksupport临时支护tensionedresingroutedrockbolt树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（WorkingSequence)backfill回填blend混合compact碾压controlledsprinkling控制洒水cuttheslope削坡dump卸料exploit开采level整平load装料moisturecondition水分调节placeandspread摊铺remove清除replace重新回填retreat(dotheworkagain)返工scarify翻松、刨毛screenandwash筛分和冲洗takeasample取样test测试transport运输treat处理trim修整缺陷（Defects）calciumparticles姜石contaminatedmaterial受污染料declinationoftheboundary料界偏差dry干燥lackofcompaction漏压lumpsump结块muddy泥泞oversizematerial超粒径材料pocket囊穴seepage渗流separation分离sheararea剪力区lens透镜体其它（Others)bondingsurface结合面byproduct副产品controllingparameter控制参数fillplacementrecord填筑记录frogarea蛙夯区requiredembankment必要填方subzone分区◆混凝土（Concrete）air-entrainedconcrete(aeratedconcrete)加气砼asphaltconcrete沥青砼blindingconcrete垫层砼cast-insitu(site/place)concrete现浇砼plasticconcrete塑料砼fibrousconcrete纤维砼firststageconcrete一期砼foamedconcrete泡沫砼high-performanceconcrete高性能砼high-strengthconcrete高强砼intrusionconcrete压浆砼leanconcrete(poorconcrete)贫砼lightweightaggregateconcrete轻骨料砼massconcrete大体积砼non-finesconcrete无砂砼non-plasticconcrete干硬性砼non-shrinkageconcrete无收缩砼normalconcrete常态砼plainconcrete素砼porousconcrete多孔砼prestressedconcrete预应力砼pumpconcrete泵送砼reinforcedconcrete钢筋砼rollercompactedconcrete(rollcrete)碾压砼secondstageconcrete二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing)清理concretepouring(placement/casting)砼浇筑curing养护Membrancecuring薄膜养护moistcuring湿润养护normalcuring 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养护steamcuring蒸汽养护repairing修理Scabbling(chiping/roughening)凿毛greencutting冲毛surfacefinishing收面vibrating振捣缺陷（Defects）bughole(pittedsurface)麻面cavity狗洞coldjoint冷缝crack裂缝deformation变形depression坑洼fire-damagedconcrete火损砼formworkshifting(moving)跑模groutleakage漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb蜂窝incompletevibration不完全振捣、漏振irregularity不规则segregation(bleeding)离析stair(staggeredjoint)错台tierodhole拉杆孔waterleakage漏水waterseepage渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator速凝剂air-entrainingagent引气剂bloating(bulking/expansion)agent膨胀剂coringadmixture着色剂early-strengthadmixture早强剂gas-formingadmixture发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer塑化剂retardingagent缓凝剂set-controllingadmixture调凝剂super-plasticizer增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-activeagent表面活性剂water-reducingagent减水剂acceleratingwaterreducer速凝型减水剂retardingwaterreducer缓凝型减水剂waterproofagent防水剂指标（Indexes）compressivestrength抗压强度compressivestress压应力concreteclass砼等级finalstrength终凝强度graduation级配graduationcurve级配曲线impermeability抗渗性initialsettingstrength初凝强度mixdesign配比设计resistancetofreezingandthawing抗冻融性shearstrength抗剪强度slump坍落度specificweight/gravity比重stabilityagainstsliding抗滑稳定性strain应变surfacefinish表面平整度tensilestrength抗拉强度tensilestress拉应力thermalstress温度应力water-cementratio水灰比workingstress工作应力其他（Others）acceptance验收age龄期aggregate骨料fineaggregate细骨料coarseaggregate粗骨料airpocket气囊airtightness气密性alternative替代物、替换方法apply应用、施加bendingmoment弯矩block仓号bindingstrength黏结强度calibration标定cementanchor锚固卷concreteplug砼塞concreteprecastelement砼预制件concretereleasesheet发料单constructionjoint施工缝contamination/pollution污染conversion(reconstruction)改建coverage覆盖范围curingagent养护剂deliverysheet运料单directdischarge直接入仓elevation高程、正视图epoxymortarapplication还氧砂浆抹面existing现有（存）的expansionjoint伸缩缝facilitate使容易（便利）gabion纤丝笼humidity湿度identity识别、标记ingredient成分、配料inspection检查、验收preliminaryinspection初验finalinspection终验appearanceinspection外观检查intact完整的、未被触动的inter-towerjoint塔间缝introduceinto将……穿入isolate隔离laitance浮浆皮layer(lift)height层高meetdesignrequirement满足设计要求momentofinertia惯性距Pocket(boxout/presethole)预留孔post-cooling后冷却posttensioning后张拉pre-cooling预冷却pre-stressing预应力pre-tensioning先张拉pull-offtest扒拉试验reinforcementcover钢筋保护层remark备注sectionarea截面面积shearkey抗剪键keygroove键槽shotcretedry-mixprocess干喷砼生产shotcretewet-mixprocess湿喷砼生产simplify简化simultaneously同时地spacer水泥垫块spacing间距stressconcentration应力集中symmetry对称technicaldata技术参数temperaturecontrol温度控制temperaturedifference温差temperaturerise(gain)温度升高theoreticalelongation理论延长量unloading卸载waterstop止水PVCwaterstopPVC止水rubberwaterstop橡皮止水copperwaterstop铜止水watertightness闭水性winterprotection冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform)erecting(settingup/fixing)formwork立模Stripping(removing/dismantling)formwork拆模bondbreaker脱模剂climbingcone爬升锥dambracket大坝支架distancepiece横支撑double-curvatureformwork双曲模板flatformwork平面模板formworkoil模板油pigtailanchor猪尾筋retractableformwork进退式模板shearkeybox键槽盒slidingformwork滑模steelformcarrier钢模台车steelformwork钢模steelwaling钢围令、钢支撑stopend堵头、封堵模板temporaryformwork临时模板tierod(formtie)拉杆tiltableformwork倾斜式模板vaultandinvertformwork顶拱及底拱模板woodformwork木模◆钢筋（ReinforcementRebar）distributionbar分布筋dowel插筋horizontalbar水平筋laplength搭接长度mainstressbar主应力筋overlap搭接shearbar剪力筋splicewelding绑条焊接starterbar起始筋、苗子锦stirrup箍筋supportbar架立筋verticalbar竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfillgrouting回填灌浆consolidationgrouting固结灌浆contactgrouting接触灌浆curtaingrouting帷幕灌浆gapgrouting接缝灌浆gravitygrouting自重灌浆jetgrouting旋喷灌浆multi-stagegrouting多次灌浆pressuregrouting压力灌浆ringgrouting环行灌浆single-stagegrouting一次灌浆 工艺 钢结构制作工艺流程车尿素生产工艺流程自动玻璃钢生产工艺2工艺纪律检查制度q345焊接工艺规程 过程（Activity）airtest通风试验backfillingofhole封孔flushingtest通水试验jointwashing洗缝seal密封soak浸泡waterpressuretest压水试验管路及组件（CircuitandElements）airsupply风包arisingpipe升降管circuit回路clamp卡子cock旋塞coil蛇形管cylinder缸套doublenipple对丝连接套expansioncoupling伸缩节female-quickcoupling内丝快接头fixedclamp死卡flowratemeter测量计galvanizedelbow镀锌弯头groutcap灌浆帽groutcell出浆盒groutstopplate止浆片groutvalve灌浆阀inletpipe进浆管largeradiuselbow大弧弯头mainpipe总管male-quickcoupling外丝快接头outletpipe出浆管packer灌浆塞piston活塞plug堵头reducersocket变径管套returnpipe回浆管teepiece三通管reduceteepiece变径三通管swivel-clamp转卡U-bendU弯头union活接头ventilationpipe排气管watersupply水包参数及指标（ParameterandIndexes）consistency稠度fineness细度grouttake吃浆量hightake吃浆量大groutingpressure灌浆压力leakagerate漏水率Lugeon吕容mixproportion浆比pumpingrate泵浆率refusalcriteria排浆标准refusaltime抽浆时间wateraborptin吸水率仪器设备（PlantandInstrument）agitator搅拌站automaticrecorder自动记录仪chillerplant(coolingplant)制冷站displancementpoint位移点electronicgroutflowmeter电子流量计extensometer变位计flowtransmitter流量传感器foundationdisplacementindicator基础位移指示器groutpump灌浆泵hydrometer比重计jointmeter测缝计mixingplant制浆站monitor监测器osmometer渗压计pendulum钟摆portableinstrument便携式仪器pressuregauge压力表pressuresensor压力传感器reinforcementmeter钢筋计steelbasin搅拌槽strainmeter应变计temperaturesensor温度传感器terminalstation集线站其他（Others）checkhole检查孔compartment灌区densemix浓浆foundationuplift基础隆起grouthole灌浆孔instrumenthole仪器孔primary/secondaryandtertiarygroutholes一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spiltspacing加密灌浆孔距wastemix弃浆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（MethodsandTerms）adjust校正、调整adjustment平差allowance容许误差backsightpoint后视点basicpoint基础点benchmark水准点compass罗盘chainage(stationnumber)桩号chainoftriangulation三角锁check校核、对照controlpoint控制点coordinatepoint坐标点datum基础面datumpoint基准点deviation偏差easilyidentifiablepoint容易识别点error误差firstordertriangulation一等三角测量geodetic大地测量学的geodeticsurveying大地测量jointsurvey联合测量knownpoint已知点levelsurface水准面localtriangulationnetworks局部三角网nationalcoordinationsystem国家坐标网observe观测、监视pointtobelocated待定点position定位、位置reconnaissance选点、踏勘referencepoint参考点secondordertriangulation二等三角测量setout放线、放样stake-line测桩线stateplanecoordinatesystem国家平面坐标系surveypoint测点theoreticalpoint理论点traverse(polygon)导线（测量）、横断erroroftraverse导线闭合差latticetraverse网格状导线longsidetraverse长导线opentraverse非闭合导线shortsidetraverse短导线traverseclosure导线闭合traversestation导线点traversesurvey导线测量triangulation三角测量triangulationnetwork三角网triangulationofhighorder高等级三角网triangulationpoint三角点trilateration三边测量vertical-controlnet高程控制网woodpile木桩角度测量（AngularMeasure）azimuth方位角bearing方位、象限角buddle气泡、水准器circle度盘、圆盘circularbubble圆水准器collimationaxis视准轴cross-line(cross-hair)十字丝depressionangle俯角elevationangle仰角eyepiece(ocular)目镜fieldpole(staff)标杆foot-screw脚螺栓horizontalangle水平角mark标志（明）objectivelens物镜plumb(plummet)铅垂、垂线sight瞄准、观测target目标、瞄准theodolite经纬仪tranverseaxis横轴tripod三脚架verticalangle竖直角verticalaxis竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering对中faceleft盘左faceright盘右focus集中、焦点focusing调焦indexerror指标误差invertedpositionoftelescope(reversetelescope)倒镜、盘右normalpositionoftelescope(directtelescope)正镜、盘右opticalplummet光学垂准器round测回set套、组station测站距离测量（DistanceMeasure）barometer气压计baseline(basicline/datumline)基线battery电池EDM(electromagneticdistancemeasurement)电磁波测距filter滤光片、滤波器laseralignmentsystem激光准直系统laserbeam激光束prism棱镜range测程、距离longrange远程mediumrange中程shortrange短程rangefinder测距仪signal信号springbalance弹簧称tape卷尺invartape铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（HeightMeasurement）altitude/elevation高程、海拔approximateleveling近似置平、粗平automaticlevel自动定平水准仪differenceinaltitude(differenceofelevation,heightdifference)高差errorofclosureinleveling水准闭合差exactleveling精平、确置平level水准仪（测点）levelcircuit水准闭合环levelshoe水准尺垫lineoflevel水准线路nationalgeodeticverticaldatum国家大地高程基准面reducedlevel归化高差runback返测runout往测three-wireleveling三丝法水准测量地形测量（TopographicSurvey）boundary边界、界线constructionstake施工标桩contour等高线contourinterval等高距contouring绘等高线contour-lengthmethod等高线延长法contourline等高线controlnetwork控制网detail细部、详图draw绘图field外业fix固定、确定formline地形图grid格网information注记、资料、情报marginalinformation轮廓注记large-scale大比例尺的latitude纬度、范围latitudecircle纬圈latitudeline纬线legend图例location定线、定位longitude经度longitudeline经线map地图、制图mapping制图、测图、地质素描matchline拼接线monument标石、石柱object地物、目标plan平面图、略图plot绘图profile断面（图）、纵剖图record记录、资料setup定置仪器sitelocation定位stakeout放样、定线、立桩symbol符号、记号topographicdetail地形细部topographicmap地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{InstrumentationandFacilities）air-entrainingmeter掺气剂Carlson-typepiezometer卡尔逊式渗压计concretestrainmeter砼应变计convergentpoint收敛测点directplumbline正垂线earthpressurecell土压力盒embankmentpiezometer坝体渗压计embankmentstrainmeter堤应变计extendedwire引张线foundationpiezometer基础渗压计horizontalinclinometer水平测斜仪hydraulicinstrument水力学仪器hydrophone水听器inclinometercasing测斜管interfacejointmeter界面变位计invertedplumbline倒垂线micropiezometer微压计multiplepositionextensometer多点位移计observationpoint观测标点observationwell观测井opticalalignmentline视准线platestrainmeter钢板计pneumaticpiezometer气压式渗压计pressurefluctuationmeter脉动压力计prestressedtendonanchoragedynamometer预应力锚索测力计rockboltextensometer锚杆测力计singlepointextensometer单点位移计spiralsensor测扭仪standpipe测压管strong-motionseismogragh强震仪surfacemonument表面标点temperaturesensor温度传感器terminalhouse终端房terminalstation终端站tiltmeter倾角计timeaveragepressurecell时均压力计totalpressurecell总压力盒velometer流速计verticalinclinometer垂直测斜仪vibratingwirepiezometer震旋式渗压计vibratingwiresettlementsensor振旋式沉降仪weirwithmicropiezometer带微压计的量水堰workingbasepoint工作基点zerostress-strainmeter砼无应力计附件及配件（AcessoriesandSpareParts）coil盘绕component零部件coordinator坐标仪dampingbox阻尼角differentialresistance差动电阻doublelayerrubbersleeve双层保护forcedcenteringplate强制对中盘instrumentlead仪器电缆invarwire铟瓦丝metalring金属环plumbcoordinatemeter垂线坐标仪pulley滑轮regulator调节器riser立管sensor传感器spool绕轴steelsocket钢底座tablet药片tensioningweight张拉重锤thermistor热敏电阻tip测头安装过程（ProcessionofInstallation）assemble组装couple连接embed埋设install安装insulate绝缘maintenance维护monitor监测protectionofinstrumentation仪器保护reduce归纳seal密封splice拼接supply提供test测试资料（Information）assembleschematic装配简图certificate合格证 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description使用说明书maintenaceguideline维护指南manual说明书operatingprinciple工作原理operatingrestraint操作范围procedure程序troubleshootingprocedure鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annularspace环行空间dataacquisition数据采集datarecording数据记录leasdrillinghole引线孔permanentrecord永久记录readoutdevice读数设备saturated饱和的seepageisolationdike截渗堤trapezoidal梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（TestofRawandProcessedMaterialofConcrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasionvolumebyLosAngelesrattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulatedretainedpercentage累计筛余百分率acicularandflakygraininaggregate针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregatereaction碱骨料反应apparentdensity视密度bulkdensity(unityweight)容重claylumpsandfriableparticlesinaggregate黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficientofsoftening软化系数crushindex压碎指标drystate干燥状态exceedingandinferiorgraininaggregate超逊径颗粒含量finenessmodulus细度模数gapingplacerate空隙率graderretainedpercentage分计筛余百分率graincomposition颗粒级配grainsize粒径lightweightmatterinaggregate轻物质含量micacontent云母含量moisturecontent(waterrate)含水率mudcontent含泥量organiccontent有机质含量potentialreactivityofaggregate骨料潜在活性saturation饱和的sievingcurve筛分曲线softgraininaggregate软弱骨料含量soundness坚固性surfacemoisturecontent表面含水率water-solublesulphide水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicitycementitiousmaterial)age龄期cementmark(strengthofcement/cementgrade)水泥标号consumptiveuseofwaternormalconsistance标准稠度用水量degreeofmobilization流动性dissolutionheat(solutionheat)溶解热finalset终凝flexuralstrength抗弯强度flyash粉煤灰hydrationheat水化热initialset初凝lossonignition(ignitionloss)烧矢量settingtime凝结时间silicafume硅粉soundness水泥的安定性specificsurfacearea比表面积specificheat比热waterdemandratio吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubblestability泡沫稳定性bubblingability起泡能力chloridecontent氯化物含量compressivestrengthrate抗压强度比contractwithdryrate干缩率dispersingcoefficient分散系数dispersingabilityofwater-reducingagent减水剂分散能力lossofslump塌落度损失sulphatecontent硫酸盐含量solidcontent固体含量surfacetension表面张力water-reducingrate减水率水（Water）alkalinity碱度calcion钙离子carbonicacid钙酸chlorion氯离子equivalentconcentration当量浓度oxygenconsumption耗氧量normalsolution(standardsolution)标准溶液PHvaluePH值wateranalysis水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurancestrengthofconcrete砼保证强度bleedingrate泌水率cement-sandration灰砂比designstrengthofconcrete砼设计标号flowabilityofconcrete砼的流动性mixproportion(proportionofmixture)砼配合比mixtureuniformity拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstructionmethod贯入阻力法probabilityofensuringstrengthofconcrete砼强度保证率sandrate砂率unitconsumptionofwater单位用水量waterretention(waterretentiveness)保水性water-cementratio水灰比硬化砼（Hardenedconcrete）axialtensilestrength轴向抗拉强度coefficientofthermalconductivity导热系数coolingrate冷却率coreofconcrete砼芯样creepdeformation(timedeformation)徐变变形formcoefficient(formfactor)形状系数freezing-meltingcirculation冻融循环frost-resistancemark抗冻标号heatpropertyofconcrete砼热学性能height-diameterration高径比linearexpansioncoefficient线膨胀系数lossofweight重量损失naturalfrequency自振频率permeate渗透permeatedheight渗透高度permeated-resistingmark抗渗标号relativecoefficientofpermeability相对渗透系数resonancefrequency共振频率sample试件self-grownvolumedeformation（砼）自生体积变形splittingtensilestrength劈裂抗拉强度staticcompressivemodulusofelasticity静力抗压弹数temperatureconductivity导温系数tensilemodulusofelasticity抗拉弹性模量thermalinsulationwarming绝热温升ultimatetensilestrain极限拉应变ultimatetensilestrength极限抗拉强度wearrate磨损率wear-resistingstrength抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cementlimemortar水泥石灰砂浆cementmortar水泥砂浆cement-claymortar水泥黏土砂浆epoxymortar环氧砂浆limemortar石灰砂浆plasteringmortar抹面砂浆pointingjointmortar勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulationcurve(cumulativecurve)累计曲线activityindex活性指标angleoffriction摩擦角Atterberglimits(watercontentaslimit)阿太堡界限（界限含水量）Californiabearingratio载重比coarse-grainedsoil粗粒土coefficientofcompressibility压缩系数coefficientofcubicalcompressibility体积压缩系数coefficientofcurvature曲率系数compression压缩compressionindex压缩指数compressionmodulus压缩模数consolidated-undrained(quick)sheartest固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained(slow)sheartest固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation固结consolidationcoefficient固结系数consolidationsettlement固结沉降consolidationstress固结应力continuousgrading/gradation连接级配contractiontest(shrinkagetest)收缩试验corecuttermethod环刀法creepcurve蠕变曲线criticalslope逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy'slaw达西定律degreeofconsolidation固结度degreeoffreeswelling自由膨胀率directsheartest直接剪切试验directsheartestofreiteration反复直剪强度试验distributioncurve分布曲线driftsoil(shiftingsoil/massflow)流土effectiveangleofinnerfriction有效内摩擦角effectivestrengthenvelope有效强度包线expansionforce膨胀力expansionration(specificexpansion)膨胀率filteringflow(seepageflow)渗流fine-grainedsoil细粒土flownet(driftnet)流网hydraulicslope水力坡降hydrometermethod比重计法hydrostaticheadmethod常水头法limitequilibriumstate极限平衡状态liquefaction液化liquidlimit液限liquidityindex液化指标maximumdrydensity最大干密度methodofsieving筛分法Mohr'sstresscircle莫力应力圆Mohr-coulombfailurecriteria莫尔-库伦破坏准则normalstress法向应力（正应力）oedometercurve压缩曲线optimummoisturecontent最优含水量piping管涌plasticlimit塑限plasticityindex塑性指标porewaterpressure空隙水压力porosity空隙率principalstress主应力Proctorcompactiontest普氏击实试验relativedensity相对密度sandreplacementmethod灌砂法saturability(saturationdegree/percentsaturation)饱和度saturatedunitweight饱和容重seepagedeformation渗透变形seepageforce(seepagepressure)渗透力seepageline渗透线seepagespeed渗透速度shearstress切向应力（剪应力）shrinkagelimit缩限skip(gap/jump)grading间断级配specificgravityofsoilparticle土粒比重steadyseepagefield稳定渗流场stresspath应力路径totalstrengthenvelope总强度包线triaxialcompressiontest三轴压缩试验unconfinedcompressionstrength无侧限抗压强度unconsolidatedundrainedtest不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variableheadmethod变水头法void(pore)ratio孔隙比waterreplacementmethod灌水法wetdensity湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel）bendingandunbending反复弯曲coldbendingtest冷弯试验elongationtest拉伸试验nominaldiameter公称直径ratioofelongation伸长率relaxationtest松弛试验steelstrand钢绞线tensileyieldstrength拉伸屈服强度ultimatetensilestrength极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshingstrengthparalledtothegrain顺纹抗压强度tensilestrengthparalledtothegrain顺纹抗拉强度crushingstrengthacrossthegrain横纹抗压强度tensilestrengthacrosstothegrain横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittletemperaturetest脆化点试验expansiontest延伸度试验penetrationtest针入式试验softeningpointtest软化点试验testofaging老化试验viscositytest粘滞性试验质量管理（QualityManagement）average平均值deviationstandard(errorofmeansquares)均方差deviationcoefficient(dispersioncoefficient)离差系数indexofcorrela