形容词比较级和最高级

.形容词1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词有三种形式：原形、比较级、最高级。比较级：+er、more+；最高级：the+est、most两个重要特征：asas中间一定用原形，than的前面一定要+er。形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化1）规则变化单音节词和少数多音节词多音节词和部分双音节词构成方法一般在词尾加-er/?/或-est/ist/以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r或-est重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母；再加-er或-est以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“+y”尾的双音节词，结先改“y为”“i再”,加-er或-est在词前加more或most原级比较级最高级coldfastnicelargebighoteasyearlytiredeasily2）不规则变化：原级比较级最高级many/muchlittle/fewgood/wellbad/illfarold(表新旧)(表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼)3）比较级前的修饰词：much,even甚至,(by)far大大地,alittle有点,abit有点,still,yet,alot很,非常1/9.常考知识点一:形容词的比较级和最高级的构成1）.以不发音的e结尾，直接加-r或-st:nice—nicer—nicestlarge—larger—largest2）.以辅字母+y结尾的，变y为i，再加-er或-est:easy—easier—easiesthappy—happier—happiest（3）.以“辅元辅”结尾的，双写末尾字母，再加-er或-est:big—bigger—biggest常见的还有：thin,fat,wet,red,sadhot—hotter—hottest（4）.不规则变化：good—better—bestmany/much—more—most(好坏多少远老)bad—worse—worstlittle(少)—less—leastfar—farther/further—farthest/furthestold—older/elder—oldest/eldest（5）.其他较短的单词，直接在词尾加-er或-est。small—smallershort—shorter6）.对于较长的单词，在其前加more，most即可。popular—morepopular—themostpopulardelicious—moredelicious—themostdelicious【中考题】1.ThisT-shirtisnotlargeenough.Pleaseshowmea_______one.A.largeB.largerC.largestSheisthe____________(good)studentinherclass.注意：下列词为易错，few—fewernew—newer—newestclever—cleverertired—moretiredpleased—morepleased常考知识点二:含有比较级的句型结构Ais...thanB:A比B更....Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.Adosth...thanB:A比B更....Heworksharderthanus.中考题】Chinahasbecomemuch__________(strong)thanbefore.Weareproudofher.3)Which/Whois....,AorB?“A和B哪个/谁更...?”...and...“越“越来越...”Whenspringcomes,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.2/9.moreandmore...越来“越...”Thesongisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.【中考题】Manypeopleprefertravelbyplane.Theythinkaplaneisfasterand_______(safe)thanatrain.6）the....,the...越...就“越...”Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.Themoreyouhave,themoreyouwant.【中考题】---CanyoutellmewhyyoulearnEnglishsowell?---It’sverysimple.________youwork,________gradesyouwillget.A.Theharder,thebestB.Thehard,thebetterC.Harder,BetterD.Theharder,thebetter常考知识点三：比较级的修饰语当强调比较级的程度时，可以在形容词(或副词)的前面使用much,alittle,alot,even,still等。注意：quiet,so,very,enough这些词后面不能接比较级。只能接原级。Itismuchcoldertodaythanyesterday.Myappleisalittlebiggerthanyours.【中考题】Thefirstcomputerswerebuiltinthe1940s.Theywereeven____________(big)thancars.使用形容词比较级时的三个注意事项(易错点)：比较的对象前后要保持一致。(√)ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.()The×populationofShanghaiislargerthanBeijing.避免将主语包含在比较对象中。(√)ChinaisbiggerthananycountryinAfrica.()China×isbiggerthananyothercountryinAfrica.避免重复使用比较级：(√)Heisclevererthanhisbrother.()He×ismoreclevererthanhisbrother.【中考题】Tomis___________(tall)thananyotherplayersintheschoolteam.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.moretaller常考知识点四：形容词最高级的用法形容词最高级用于三者及以上的比较，表示在一定范围内“最...。”范围通常用in/of/among...来表达。3/9.形容词的常考句型：1)Aisthe...in....Heisthetallestinhisclass.或Aisthe...of....Heisthetallestofthethreeboys.或Aisthe...among....Heisthetallestamongthethreeboys.【中考题】Breakfastis________mealoftheday.Itprovidesuswithenergyafteralongnightwithoutfood.A.importantB.moreimportantC.themostimportantD.veryimportant2)Aisoneofthe最高级+复数名词A是最...的之一。JayChouisoneofthemostpopularsingersinTaiwan.Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.【中考题】---Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmyousawyesterday?---Oh!It’soneof___________filmsI’veeverseen.A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting3)Aisthefirst最高级+复数名词A是第一最...的...TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlongestriverinourcountry.【中考题】印度是世界上第二人口大国。Indiahasthe__________________populationintheworld.4)Which/Whoisthe...,A,BorC?A,B和C，哪个/谁最...?Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?Whoisthethinnest,Kate,TomorMike?Step5：【课堂训练】一、单项选择1.--LiLeiisatScience.--ButIthinkIcandothanhim.（2011中考）A.good;betterB.better;bestC.best;goodD.good;thebest2.—Whydon’tyoulikewinterinBeijing?(2010中考)—Becauseitis________winterinGuangzhou.A.ascoldasB.muchcolderthanC.notsocoldasD.notcolderthan3、—Whatshouldwedonow,Mr.Clark?（2013年黄冈，35）—PleaseturntoPage_____andlookatthe_____picture.A.Twelve;fifthB.Twelfth;fifthC.Twelve;fiveD.Twelfth;five4、—Howwasyourweekend?（2012年广州，29）—Great!Itwasmygrandfather’s______birthday.Weenjoyedourselves.A.seventyB.seventiethC.theseventiethD.seventeenth4/9.5、ThreestudentsranfasterthanLilyintherace.Lilywas________.(2012年佛山，34)A.thefourthB.fourC.thethirdD.three6、—IsBeijingacitywithalonghistory?(2012年湛江，23)—Ofcourse.AndaftertheOlympicGames,__peoplecametoBeijingforavisitduringthevacation.A.thousandsofB.thousandC.fivethousandsD.fivethousandof二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1、Shewillbemuch___________(happy)inhernewhouse.2、Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe___________(clever).3、---How_______(tall)isSally?---She’s1.55meters_______(tall).WhataboutXiaoling？---She’sonly1.40meters________(tall).Sheismuch_________(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe________(short)girlintheclass.4、Sheisoneofthe___________(friendly)peopleintheclass,Ithink.5、Whichis___________(heavy),ahenorachicken?6、The__________(much),the_________(good).7、Yourclassroomis__________(wide)and__________(bright)thanours.8、Mysisteristwoyears_________(old)thanme.9、John’sparentshave3sons,andJohnisthe_________(young)child.10、Thecheapestbagisnotalwaysthe_________(bad)one.11、Whichofficerchairis_________(expensive),theredoneortheblackone?12、Tomhas_________(good)marksinEnglishthanAlice.13、Beijingisthe_________(big)cityinChina.14、Whohas_________(many)stamps,Jim,HelenorMary?三、根据中文提示完成下列句子。今天比昨天热多了。Itismuch_________today_________itwasyesterday.我的书包比她的书包重。Mybagis__________________hers.5/9.你们班上谁最受欢迎？Whois___________________________studentinyourclass?我们用更低的价钱买到了电脑，比预期中的要幸运。Weboughtthecomputerata__________________andwewere_________thanweexpected.Step6：课后作业一、用所给词的适当形式填空。Thankyoufor_________(help)me!Shewenttoseeafilmwithout_________(tell)herparents.Everydayhespendsanhour_________(practise)thepiano.MissSmithtoldmehow_________(use)adictionary.Thelittleboyused_________(be)abadstudent.Buthestudieswellnow.Wecanusecomputers__________(search)theInternet.Thebigdogcandomanythingslike_________(catch)thieves.Thelittlegirlisgoodat_________(play)thepiano.Areyouable_________(finish)yourhomeworkinanhour.Thiscomputerwas__________(make)inChina.二、完型填空。Computersareveryusefulandhelpfultoday.Wemiddleschoolstudentslikecomputersverymuch.Some__1___usethemtoplaycomputergames,whilesomeusethemto__2___usefulinformation.Myfatherboughta__3___asabirthdaypresentformelastyear.Itbecamemybestfriend.I'dliketo__4____onthecomputerassoonasIgotbackhome.Atweekends,Ioftenplayedgames__5___withmyfriends.ImadealotoffriendsontheInternet.Butmyeyesightbecame__6___,andIwasunableto__7___my6/9.homeworkwithoutmyglasses.Myfathertookawaythecomputer.HetoldmethatIshould__8___myeyes.Thecomputeris_9___usednowadays.Itcannotonlyhelpuswork,butalsoofferusallkindsofgames.Butifwespendtoomuchtime___10___infrontofthecomputer,itwilldoharmtoourhealth.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.()1.A.studentsB.teachersC.doctorsD.workers()2.A.lookatB.lookafterC.lookupD.lookto()3.A.machineB.bookC.toyD.computer()4.A.standB.playC.takeD.jump()5.A.inlineB.onlineC.withlineD.outofline()6.A.betterandbetterB.brighterandbrighterC.strongerandstrongerD.worseandworse()7.A.cutB.finishC.killD.say()8.A.getalongwellwithB.takecareofC.learnaboutD.beinterestedin()9.A.loudlyB.widelyC.narrowlyD.quietly()10.A.sittingB.sleepingC.eatingD.singing三、阅读理解。IstheAmericanclassdifferentfromours?Let'slearnaboutittogether!Beontime!TheythinkitisimpolitetobelateinAmerica.Ifyoucomelate,besuretoenterquietly.Youdon'tneedtoknockatthedoorbeforeyougointotheclassroom.Iftheteacherasksaquestion,youshouldgiveananswer.Ifyoudon'tunderstandthequestion,youshouldraiseyourhandandasktheteachertorepeatthequestion.Ifyoudon'tknowtheanswer,itisallrighttotelltheteacherthatyoudon'tknowit.Copyinganotherstudent'stestpaperisneveracceptable可(接受的).Theycallitcheating.AtmostschoolsinAmerica,theykickoutthestudentswhocheat.7/9.InAmerica,youshoulduseMr,Miss,MsorMrsbeforeyourteacher'slastname,not"teacher".Beforegoingintoateacher'soffice,youshouldknockatthedoorfirst.Knockfirst,andthenwait.()1.Whentheteacherasksaquestion,youshould_______.A.giveananswerB.raiseyourhandC.repeatthequestionD.knowtheanswer()2.You_____beforeyougointotheclassroomifyouarelate.A.needtoknockatthedoorB.don'tneedtoknockatthedoorC.needtobeinvitedinD.don'tneedtocomein()3.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"kickout"mean?A.Asksomeonetodomuchhomework.B.Makesomeoneleavetheschool.C.Makesomeonecomeintotheschool.D.Asksomeone'sparentstogototheschool.()4.Ifateacher'snameisTimGreen,studentsshouldcallhim_______.A.TimB.MrTimC.GreenD.MrGreen()5.WhichofthefollowisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Youmaycopyanotherstudent'stestpaper.B.Ifyouhavetocomeinlate,besuretodoitquietly.C.Knockatthedoorfirstbeforeyougointotheteacher'soffice.D.Ifyoudon'tknowtheanswertoaquestion,youcantelltheteacher.四、情景对话。A.Howmuchisit?B.WhatcanIdoforyou?C.Ihaveacomputerofmyown.D.Wehavegreatdiscountsforstudents.E.Doyouwanttohaveacupofcoffee?F.IalsowanttogetasystemofWindowsXP.8/9.G.Whichkindofcomputerdoyouwant,adesktoporalaptop?Welcometoourcomputershop.(1)_______Ineedtobuyacomputer.Iwastolditischeapertobuycomputershere.Yes,that'strue.(2)_______B:That'sgreat,butIdon’tknowmuchaboutcomputers.Iwillhelpyou.(3)_______Iwantadesktopwithalotofmemory.A:Then,whatkindofsystemwouldyoulike?WehaveWindowsXPandWindowsVista.B:MostofmyclassmatesuseWindowsXP.(4)_______WindowsXPisreallyanexcellentsystem.Look.Thisistheoneyouwanttochoose.Wow.It'swonderful.(5)_______It's4000yuan.Butwecangiveyoua30%discount.OK.Iwilltakethisone.9/9