现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较1）这两个时态的主要差别是，现在完成时表示动作业已完成，而完成进行时却不一定如此：I'vemadeacake.我做了一个蛋糕。（已做好）I'vebeenmakingacake.我一直在做一个蛋糕。（不一定做好了）She'spaintedapicture.她画了一幅画。（已画好）She'sbeenpaintingapicture.她在画一幅画。（可能还没画好）They*vebuiltabridge.他们建了一座桥。（已建好）They*vebeenbuildingabridge.他们一直在建一座桥。（可能还在建）He'swrittenanovel.他写了一部小说。（已完成）He'sbeenwritinganovel.他在写一部小说。（可能尚未完成）2）许多静态动词都只能用于完成时而不能用于完成进行时：I*veknownthatforalongtime.这事我已经知道很久了。Thestrikehaslastedsixmonths.这次罢工已经持续了6个月。Nobodyhasseenhimsincelastweek.从上周起就没人见到过他。We'vehadterribleweatherfornearlytwoweeks.儿乎有两星期天气都很恶劣。They'veownedthehouseformanyyears.这房子他们已经拥有许多年了。I'vealwaysthoughtyou*reright.我一向认为你是对的。但当意思发生转变时也可能用于完成进行时：I’vebeenthinkingofdoingsoforalongtime.我好久以来一直想这样做。Whichjudgehasbeenhearingthecase?哪位法官在审这个案子？Shehasbeenhavingatoothout・她在拔牙。Thechildrenhavebeenlookingforwardtothisholidayformonths.want这个动词有时可用于完成进行时，表示“一直想”：You'retheverymanI’vebeenwantingtomeet・你正是我一直想见的人.形容词与副词比较级和最高级的重点句型归纳表示两者（人或物）比较时，相比较的对象应是同类事物,不同类的事物无法比较，我们常用以下句型：（1）A>B或A〈B（…比较级+than-）Thisroomissmallerthanthatone・Thisstoryismoreinterestingthanthatone・（2）A=B（•••as+原级+&s…）Thiscakeisasbigasthatone・Swimmingisasexcitingasclimbing・（3）AHB（©notas/so+原级+as…与不一样，@more+原级…超过）Jimisnotas/sotallasLiLei.Johnismorehard-workingthanJoan.EnglishismoreusefulthanJapanese・=Japaneseisnotso/asusefulasEnglish・⑷表示程度的递增（-er+-er或者moreandmore+多音节的形容词原级，越来越……）Whenwintercomes,thedaysgetcolderandcolder・Myhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful・（5）表示两种惜况同时变化。（the+比较级…，the+比较级越来越……）Thebusiersheis,thehappiershefeels・Thelesssheworried,thebettersheworked・Themorewegettogether,thehappierwe'11be.（6）A〉B〉C・••（•••the+形容词或副词的最高级+in/of/among+比较范围…，最……）Heisthetallestofthethree・（of表示所有关系时，介词后的词与主语同类。）Jimwritesmostcarefullyinhisclass・（in表示范用。）Thispictureisthemostbeautifulamongthese.（among后接代词或没有修饰语的名词。）A=B>C>D>^*(•••oneofthe+最高级+可数名词的复数形式+in/of…，最•…之一)Roseisoneofthemostcarefulgirlsinherclass・Annstudiesthehardestofallthestudentsinourclass・不用比较级的形式对事物进行比较，我们常见有以下词组：belike,looklike,lookthesame,bethesameas…，bealike,bedifferentfrom…，beunlike,bealike・Thisstoryislikethatone・Annlookslikehermother・LilyandLucylookthesame・LilyandLucyarealike・HanMei'sshoesarethesamesizeasmine・强调比较程度时，比较级可用的修饰词有:much,far,still,even,no,any,alot,alittie,abit,等.Akangarooiseventallerthanaman.Pleasecomeherealittleearlier・ThejobisfarmoredifficuItthanhethought・LiLeijumpsmuchfartherthanJimdoes.形容词比较级+"the"的句型。Heistheclevererofthetwoboys・形容词最高级不加“the”的情况。Todayismyhappiestday・12)常见比较级句型1>Who/Which+be+比较级，AorB?Whoistaller,TomorJohn?Whichismoreexpensive,abicycleoracomputer?2>Who/Which+be+最高级，A,B,orC?Whoisthetallest,Tom,Jack,orDavid?3>~+be+the比较级+ofthetwo.(两个之中比较…的那一个，、包含在两个之中)Tomisthetallerofthetwo.二Tomistallerthantheotherboy.4>~+be+oneofthe+最高级+复数名词，表示"最的之一"。TheYellowRiverisoneofthelongestriversinChina・5>〃•••+be+the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围〃，表示〃……是……・的第儿Sheisthesecondtalleststudentinourclass.她是我们班第•二高的学生。6>~+be+the最高级、that某人have/hasever+过去分词.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread・这是我看过的最有趣的书。和more有关的词组，themoree#*themore…越就越。例如：Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyou'llmake・越努力，进步越大。moreBthanA=lessAthanB与其说A不如说B。例如：Heismorelazythanslowathiswork・=Heislessslowthanlazyathiswork・他工作时，与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。nomore…than…与样，不比多。例如：TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor・官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。noless…than…与样。例如：Heisnolessdiligentthanyou.他和你一样勤勉。morethan不只是，非常。例如：Sheismorethankindtousall.她对我们非常热心。