美国门户开放报告 国际教育交流报告 英文版

OpenDoors?2016ReportonInternationalEducationalExchangeProducedbytheInstituteofInternationalEducationInpartnershipwiththeBureauofEducationalandCulturalAffairs.DepartmentofStateNationalPressClub|Washington,DC|November14,2016#OpenDoorsReport#IEW2016InternationalStudentsinthe..StudentsStudyingAbroadGlobalStudentMobilityInternationalstudentenrollmentat.universitiessurpasses1millionInternationalStudentEnrollmentNewInternationalStudentsContinuingInternationalStudents1,200,0001,000,000800,000600,000400,000200,00002005/062007/082009/102011/122013/142015/161,043,839InternationalStudentsin2015/16%growthininternationalstudentsAcademicLevel450,000GrowthRate400,000350,000%Undergraduate300,000250,000%Graduate200,000150,000PlacesofOrigin–2015/2016Top4SouthKorea61,0078,001+4,001–8,0002,001–4,000India165,918China328,5471,001–2000501–1,000SaudiArabia61,287251-5001-250Top4PlacesofOriginChina350,000300,000250,000India200,000150,000SaudiArabia100,00050,000SouthKorea0IndianstudentsincreasedatthehighestrateWhereisthefastestgrowthNepal+%Vietnam+%Colombia+%Nigeria+%India+%GrowthinStudentsfromIndiaUndergraduateOptionalPracticalTrainingGraduateNon-Degree180,000160,000140,000120,000100,00080,00060,000+%40,00020,00002008/092009/102010/112011/122012/132013/142014/152015/16Internationalstudentsmakeup%ofallstudentsin.highereducationHostStates:TotalsandGrowthNewYork114,316+%California149,328+%60,001+30,001–60,00010,001–30,000Texas82,184+%1–10,000HostStates:TotalsandGrowthMissouri24,171+%NewJersey21,228+%60,001+149,328+%30,001–60,00010,001–30,000Florida43,462+%1–10,000Fastestgrowingstates>10%Int’lStudentsperTotalEnrollmentWAWAORMINYMassachusetts%CAMOILINOHPADECTRIWashington,DC%HI>10%TX–%–%GenderinacademicmobilityGenderofInternationalStudents100806040%Men%Women2001980/811985/861990/911995/962000/012005/062010/112015/16EngineeringsurpassedbusinesstobecomethemostpopularfieldofstudyFieldsofStudySTEM:%Engineering:%Math/ComputerScience:%OtherSTEM:%Business&Management:%%%%%SocialSciences:%%Fine&AppliedArts:%%%%IntensiveEnglish:%Undeclared&Other:%FieldsofStudy–STEM&BusinessIndiaIranNepalScience,Technology,Engineering&MathChinaVietnamVenezuelaBusiness&ManagementSourcesofFunding$BillionAmountinternationalstudentscontributedtothe.economyin2015.-Source:.DepartmentofCommerce%.Funding%PersonalandFamily%ForeignGov’torUniversity%ForeignPrivateSponsor%InternationalOrganizations%.CollegeorUniversity%CurrentEmployment%OtherSourceFallSnapshotSurveyofInternationalStudentsFactorsDrivingGrowthInstitutionalFactorsMoreactiverecruitmenteffortsbymyinstitution%Growingreputationandvisibilityofmyinstitutionabroad%Increasedinstitutionalsupportstaffand/orresourcesforrecruitmentandadmissionofint’lstudents%EconomicandOtherFactorsGrowthofthemiddleclassinothercountries%Difficultyingettingintotopschoolsinhomecountry%FactorsDrivingPotentialDeclinesCostoftuition/feesat.hostinstitution(includingfinancialaidproblems)%Changesinforeigngovernmentsponsoredscholarshipprograms.,SaudiArabia,Brazil,etc.)%%Students'decisionstoenrollinother.institutionsVisaapplicationprocessandconcernsoverdelays/denials%Lackofsufficientinstitutionalsupportstaffand/orresourcesforrecruitmentandadmissionofinternationalstudents%Homecountry'spoliticaland/oreconomicproblems%OutreachandRecruitmentEffortsChina%India%Vietnam%SouthKorea%Brazil%SaudiArabia%HotTopicson.CampusesDuringFall2016FluctuationsinlargescholarshipprogramsDeclineforBrazil(75%)DeclineforSaudiArabia(57%)StudentsfromconflictareasandtheirchallengesInstitutionsareabletoprovidestrongacademicsupportbutlimitedfinancialsupportBrexitandearlytotellanddirectionoffutureimpactsisunclearCurrentsocialandpoliticalclimateTooearlytotellNegativeperceptionsbyInt’lstudents(45%)Actualstudentreactions(9%)Fosteringcommunicationanddialogue(51%)HigherEducationAssociationsInternationalStudentsinthe..StudentsStudyingAbroadGlobalStudentMobilityStudyAbroadTrends350,000300,000250,000200,000150,000100,00050,000004/0506/0708/0910/1112/1314/15313,415.studentsreceivedacademiccreditforStudyAbroadin2014/15%growthin.StudyAbroadStudyabroadacrossEuropedrovegrowthLargestGrowthAmongTopHostsGreece+Austria+%Ireland+%CzechRepublicMexico+%+%Denmark+%CostaRicaItaly+%+%Germany+%Spain<10%growth+%5-<1100%%ggrorowwthth5-10%growthIsrael+%SouthAfrica+%Australia+%SouthKorea+%NewZealand+%LargestgrowthinSTEMstudentsstudyingabroadStudyAbroadGrowthbyMajorFieldSTEMBusiness&ManagementSocialSciencesForeignLang.&GlobalStudiesFine&AppliedArts++++80,00060,00040,00020,00002013/142014/152013/142014/152013/142014/152013/142014/152013/142014/15Top5MajorFieldsofStudySTEM*Business&Management*SocialSciences*ForeignLang.&GlobalStudies*Fine&AppliedArts**2011/2012.HigherEducationdatafromNationalCenterforEducationStatisticsDiversityofAmericanstudentsabroadisgrowing,butmoreneedstobedoneDiversity&.StudyAbroadTrends.StudyAbroad2014/15.StudyAbroad2004/05%%AfricanAmericanorBlackAsianorPacificIslanderHispanicorLatino(a)Multiracial&OtherWhiteInclusion&.StudyAbroadOutreach.StudyAbroad2014/15.HigherEducation*GilmanProgram2014/15%%%AfricanAmericanorBlackAsianorPacificIslanderHispanicorLatino(a)Multiracial&OtherWhiteTargetedoutreach,recruitmentandfundingcansubstantiallyincreaseminorityparticipationinstudyabroad.*.DepartmentofEducation,DigestofEducationStatistics,2014Gender&StudyAbroad1008060%Women4020%Men093/9496/9799/0002/0305/0608/0911/1214/15StudentsarediversifyingtheirexperiencesabroadNon-CreditEducationAbroad22,43125,00020,00015,00010,0005,00002010/112011/122012/132013/142014/15.StudentsFull-DegreesAbroadUndergraduateGraduateAllAcademicLevels20,00018,00016,00014,00012,00018,05010,0008,0008,0455,7256,0004,0002,00002,8002,418UKCanadaFranceGermanyAustraliaSource:ProjectAtlasFiguresreflectdatareleaseyearTotalEducationAbroadTotal=381,846+313,41546,000+22,431+StudyabroadforacademiccreditFulldegreesabroadNon-creditwork,internships&volunteeringGenerationStudyAbroadGenerationStudyAbroadPartnersCommittingtoStudyAbroadGrowthTotalStudyAbroadgrowth2014StudyabroadgrowthforGSApartners+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%GrowthinStudyAbroad%2008/092009/102010/112011/122012/132013/142014/15InternationalStudentsinthe..StudentsStudyingAbroadGlobalStudentMobilityProjectAtlas?TopHostsofInternationalStudents–2016#Int’lStudentsUnitedStates1,043,8392%4%13%25%UnitedKingdomChinaFrance496,690397,635309,6426%Australia292,3526%7%7%8%10%12%RussiaCanadaGermanyJapanOtherEst.Total:Source:ProjectAtlasFiguresreflectdatareleaseyearInternationalStudents’RateofIncrease201220132014201520161,200,000+%1,000,000800,000600,000+%+%400,000+%+%200,0000UnitedStatesSource:ProjectAtlasFiguresreflectdatareleaseyearUnitedKingdomChinaFranceAustraliaManyfactorsdriveacademicmobilityFactorsAffectingAcademicMobilityPersonal/ProfessionalGoalsLimitedHomeCountryHigherEducationCapacityAccessandEquityAcademicDisplacementGrowingNationalismHumanCapitalNeedsNationalScholarshipsGovernmentInitiativesPromoteMobilityScholarshipPrograms:TheFulbrightEffect2005/062015/1625002,2381,97520001,91215001,19910005000.StudentProgramForeignStudentProgramTheFulbrightEffect:FieldsofStudyForeignStudentProgram2015/162006/07FLTASTEMSocialSciencesHumanitiesArtsBusinessOtherTheFulbrightEffect:FieldsofStudyStudentProgram2005/062015/16EnglishTeachingAssistantsSTEMSocialSciencesHumanitiesArtsBusinessOtherTheFulbrightEffect:.StudentDiversity2005/062015/1629%35%AfricanAmericanorBlackAsianorPacificIslanderHispanicorLatino(a)Multiracial&OtherWhiteOnlineResources#OpenDoorsReport#IEW2016opendoorsmobility@IIEGlobal