外研社英语九年级上M知识点gu

ThismanuscriptwasrevisedbytheofficeonDecember22,2012外研社英语九年级上M知识点guModule2PublicholidaysUnit1Myfamilyalwaysgosomewhereinterestingassoonastheholidaybegins.1.ThePeople’sRepublicofChina(简写为PRC)wasfounded(一般过去式的被动语态)on1stOctober,1949.find–found--found找到found—founded--founded建立,创立类似的：lie-lay-lain躺(现在分词lying)lie-lied-lied撒谎lay-laid-laid下蛋；铺设，摆设(三单lays现在分词laying)1)Ilayonthefloorwithmylegsintheair.我躺在地上，双腿抬起。2)Don’tbelievehim.He’slying.3)Myhenlaysaneggaday.4)Theylaidhimonthefloor.他们把他放在地上。laythetable摆放餐具2.PeoplehavecelebratedtheNationalDaysincethen.(sincethen从那以后,是现在完成时的标志）eg:HewenttoBeijingin1999.Hehaslivedtheresincethen.celebratevt.eg:Weheldapartytocelebrateoursuccess.我们举行宴会庆祝我们的成功。celebrate…with…用…来庆祝haveacelebrationn.3.have…off休息多少时间eg:I’mgoingtohavesometimeoff.Iwasoffdutyyesterday.昨天我不值班。Iamondutytonight.今晚我值班。4.allkindsof“各种各样的”akindof一种kindof有点eg:Lilyisakindofflower.Heiskindofshy.5.take/haveavacation去度假gotosp.onvacation/holiday=gotosp.forholidays6.anythingspecial特别的事somewherenice好玩的地方someonefamous名人形容词修饰不定代词，形容词的位置在后面somethingimportanttotellyou一些重要的事情告诉你7.havefun“玩得高兴、玩得愉快”=enjoyoneself=haveagood/great/wonderfultimehavefundoingsth.做什么事情很愉快Wehavegreatfunswimminginthepool.8.haveathree-dayholiday复合名词做定语，用短线连接，名词不用复数an11-year-oldgirl一个11岁的女孩aneight-metre-talltree一棵8米高的树a500-pagebook一本500页的书9.dependon依靠，依赖dependentadj.依靠的，依赖的independentadj.独立的independencen.独立America’sIndependenceDayison4thJuly.10.thestart/endofthevacationseasontheendingofthestory/film…的结局11.A.sometime过去或将来的某个时间B.sometime一些时间C.sometimes有时候D.sometimes几次1)Iremembermeetingyouinmyhometown_A/D__lastsummer.2)Ihopetoflytothemoon__A___nextyear.3)She’sspent__B____intheschoolband.4)__C__heislateforschool.5)He__C___foughtothersinhischildhood.6)They’vebeentothepark___D___.12.watchbandsplaymusicwatchsb.do/doingsth.观看某人干某事，强调经常性的或整个过程的用do，强调动作正在进行或事情正在发生用doing类似的动词用法有：see,hear,listento,notice等13.nationalflagsanationaldayapublicholidayGrammar:时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when当…时while在…期间,与此同时before在…之前after在…之后until直到…为之till直到…(非正式)assoonas一…就…since自从…以来1)assoonas,“一…就…”,后面接从句eg.①Assoonastheclassisover,werushoutoftheclassroom.=Werushoutoftheclassroomassoonastheclassisover.②Pleasecallmeassoonasshegetstothehotel.③Thegirlstartedtocryassoonasshesawhermother.Whenheheardthebell,hestoodupatonce.=Assoonasheheardthebell,hestoodup.2)区分as,when和whileas引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当……”，“一边……一边……”，“随着……”等意思。①表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.②表示两个动作同时发生。Helensangasongasshewashed.③表示“随着…..”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.while,“当…时;在…期间”(指一段时间)强调主句的动作在从句动作发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。while然而，还可以用作对比when引导的从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。①______hecamein,weweredancing.②Thebushadleft_____wegottothebusstation.③_____theywerehavingameeting,thetelephonerang.④______thetelephonerang,theywerehavingameeting.⑤Canyougetsomestampsforme____youareatthepostoffice⑥Helikespopmusic____Iamfondoffolkmusic.3)untila.用于肯定句,直到…为止,动词必须是延续性动词.eg.I’llstayhereuntilhecomesback.Hekeptworkinguntil12o’clock.b.not…until…“直到…才”,主句中的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式Iwon’tgountilIfinishthework.直到我完成工作我才会走.Theydidn’tleavethereuntil5thMay.他们直到五月五日才离开.Unit2WehavecelebratedthefestivalsincethefirstpioneersarrivedinAmerica.Itisatimeforaspecialdinneramongfamilyandfriends.It’satimefor…=It’stimefor…/todo…区分between和amongbetween表示在两者之间,常用and连接两个具体的人或物。among一般表示在三个或三个以上的人或物之间，其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。e.g.Canyoutellthedifferencesbetweenthetwopictures你能告诉我这两幅画之间的区别吗？Whosingsbestamongthem2.Peoplemakeshortspeechesandgivethanksfortheirfood.makeaspeech做演讲givethanks(tosb.)for(doingsth.)表示“对某事/某人做了某事表示感谢”eg：Sheexpressedherthankstoherfriendsforcomingtotheparty.她对朋友们来参加聚会表示感谢。Thanksforyoursupport.谢谢你们的支持。3.WehavecelebratedthefestivalsincethefirstpioneersfromEnglandarrivedinAmericabyshipintheseventeenthcentury.since表示“自从……”，常与完成时连用。since作介词时,其后常接表示某一时间点的单词或短语；作连词时,引导时间状语从句,其主句通常用现在完成时态,从句用一般过去时态。当主句中含有静态意义的动词,特别是含有be动词时,常使用一般现在时态,既可使用句型“Itis+时间段+since+从句”,也可以使用“Ithasbeen+时间段+since+从句”来表达。4.WhiletheywerecrossingtheAtlantic,manypeopledied,andaftertheylanded,theirfirstwinterwasworsethananyEnglishwinter.after在句中引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。e.g.Afterwehadfinishedthework,wewenthome.5.teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.teachsb.howtodosth.6.growcorn/cotton/rice种植玉米、棉花、水稻planttrees/flowers7.Thefollowingyeartheycelebratedtogetherbyeatingadinnerofthenewfood.WestillcelebrateThanksgivingtodaywithatraditionaldinner.celebrate…bydoingsth.celebrate…withsth.followingadj.接着的;接下来的byeatingadinnerofthenewfood在句中作方式状语,表示“以聚餐品尝新食物的方式(来庆祝)”。bydoingsth.常用来表示“以某种行为方式……”。e.g.Thelittlegirlearnsherlivingbysellingnewspapers.小女孩靠卖报纸为生。8.washdishes9.abusytimefortravel一个旅游的旺季10.plentyof+可数名词复数/不可数名词11.shopforsth.=buysth.12.FootballisalsoimportantatThanksgiving,withmanyteamsplayinggames.with+名词+doing,介词短语做伴随状语atThanksgivingonThanksgivingDayatChristmasonChristmasDayduringtheChristmasseason13.crowdedadj.拥挤的themostcrowdedcrowdn.人群,一堆v.挤满1)Isawacrowdofmagazinesandpaperonthedesk.2)Youcandowhateveryouwant,butneverfollowthecrowd.3)Thebuswascrowdedwithpassengers.4)Therewerecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtogetin.5)Peoplecrowdedroundtogetabetterview.Unit3LanguageinuseIt’sbettertodosth.You’dbetterdosth.makeawishfortheNewYearindifferentways用不同的方法countdownthedayscivilrightsleader民权运动领袖apartfrom除…之外表示“除了…以外”的besides,except,exceptfor,but,apartfrom等。besides表示“除…以外，（还，也）”，相当于inadditionto.eg:BesidesEnglish,theyalsostudymath,physicsandchemistry注意:不要将besides和beside混淆。beside是“在…旁边”的意思。except表示“除…外，（其余都）…”，常与all，every，no,none,nothing等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。except是英语中少数用法最为活跃的介词之一,其后除了可跟名（代）词外，还可跟另一介词短语、短语或that引导的。eg:Heansweredallthequestionsexceptthelastone.除了最后一个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。Iwentnowhereexcepttothelibrary.除了图书馆以外，我哪儿都没有去。试比较:Weallwentexcepthim.除了他（没去）以外,我们都去了。Threeothersalsowentbesideshim.除了他（去了）以外，还去了三个人。[注]except与exceptfor区别与except连用的整体词和except所跟的词常常是同类的，是指整体除去一部份;而与exceptfor连用的整体词与exceptfor所跟的词往往不是同类的，是指整体中除去一个细节。eg:Yourcompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.除了几处拼写错误以外，你的作文写得很好。Thehouseissatisfyingexceptforitslocation.除了地理位置，这个房子是令人满意的。apartfrom表示“除…之外”。根据上、下文的不同，它既可用作besides,也可用作except和exceptfor。eg:Apartfromthem,Ihadnoonetotalkto.（=except）除了他们以外，我没有人说话。Apartfromotherconsiderations,timeisalsoafactor.(=besides）除了别的考虑之外，时间也是一个因素。(Itis)Goodworkapartfromafewslightfaults.(=exceptfor）除了几个小毛病以外，这是一篇佳作。