动词第三人称单数变化规则 1)普通状况下,动词背面直接加-s.例如:worksgetssaysreads2)以ch,sh,s,x或o结尾动词,在背面加-es。例如: go-goesteach-,teachewash-washesbrush-brushescatch-catchesdo-doesfix-fixes 3)以辅音字母+y结尾动词,把y变为i再加-es.例如:study-studiestry-triescarry-carriesfly-flies cry-cries当前分词变化规则 1.直接+ing(例:sleep+ingsleeping) 2.去e+ing(例:bite-e+ingbiting) 3重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing(例:sit+t+ingsitting)4.特殊变化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying5.不规则变化 当前进行时基本用法: A
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关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf
达当前(指说话人说话时)正在发生事情。 例:Wearewaitingforyou. B.习惯进行:表达长期或重复性动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 例:Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel. (说话时并未在写,只处在写作状态。) 例:SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith. C.已经拟定或安排好将来活动 I'mleavingforatrekinNepalnextweek.(已经安排了) we'reflyingtoParistomorrow.(票已经拿到了) D.有些动词(状态动词不用于进行时态)1.表达懂得或理解动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know,remember,realize,suppose,understand 2.表达“看起来”“看上去"appear,resemble,seem 3表达爱慕或不爱慕hate,like.lover.prefer 4表达构成或来源动词becomefrom.contain,include 5表达感官动词hearseesmellsoundtaste6表达拥有动词belongto.need.own.possess.wantwish1、当前进行时构成当前进行时由"be+v-ing"构成。be应为助动词,最容易被同窗漏掉,它应与主语人称和数保持一致。2、当前进行时应用(1)当句子中有now时,常表达动作正在进行,这时要用当前进行时。如:Theyareplayingbasketballnow.当前她们正在打篮球。(2)以look,listen开头句子,提示咱们动作正进行,这时要用当前进行时。如:Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.听,她正在唱英语歌。(3)表达当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行动作,且此时有thisweek,thesedays等时间词,这时惯用当前进行时。如:Wearemakingmodelplanesthesedays.这些天咱们在做飞机模型。(4)描述图片中人物动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也惯用当前进行时。如:Lookatthepicture.Thechildrenareflyingkitesinthepark.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。3、当前分词变化规则:(1)普通状况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork----workingsleep-----sleepingstudy-----studying(2)动词以不发音-e结尾,要去-e加-ingtake-----takingmake-----makingdance-----dancing(3)重读闭音节动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut-----cuttingput-----puttingbegin------beginning(4)以-ie结尾动词,把变成y再加-inglie-----lyingtie-----tyingdie-----dying4、当前进行时变化必定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+当前分词+其他.否定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not+当前分词+其他.普通疑问句:be(am,is,are)+主语+当前分词+其他特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+当前分词+其他形容词比较级和最高档变化形式规则如下构成法原级比较级最高级①普通单音节词末尾er和eststrongstrongerstrongest②单音节词如果以e结尾,只加r和ststrangestrangerstrangest③闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一种辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加er和estsadbighotsadderbiggerhottersaddestbiggesthottest④少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾双音节词,末尾加er和est(以y结尾词,如y前是辅音字母,把y变成i,再加er和est,以e结尾词仍加r和st)angryclevernarrownobleangriercleverernarrowernoblerangrestcleverestnarrowestnoblest⑤其她双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和mostdifferentmoredifferentmostdifferent 1.在英语中,在表达“比较…”和“最…”时,形容词要用特别形式,称为“比较级”和“最高档”,本来形容词称为“原级”:原级比较级最高档strong强stronger较强strongest最强2.形容词比较级和最高档构成办法如下: a.单音节词和少数双音节词以加-er和-est方式构成:原级比较级最高档young年轻younger较年轻youngest最年轻old老older较老oldest最老clean干净cleaner较干净cleanest最干净在加词尾时要注意下面各种状况:状况加词尾法例词普通状况直接加词尾small,smaller,mallest以e结尾词加-r,-stlarge,larger,largest以辅音+y结尾词变y为i,再加词尾busy,busier,busiest以“辅音字母”结尾词将这字母双写再加词尾big,bigger,biggestb.其她词都在前面加more,most构成比较级及最高档:原级比较级最高档importantmoreimportantmostimportantdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingusefulmoreusefulmostuseful3.用比较级时惯用than引起一种从句,表达和什么比较: Hisroomisbiggerthanmine.她房间比我房间大。 Sheisyoungerthanmysister.她比我妹妹年轻。Exercises:学会下列形容词比较级和最高档:原级比较级最高档talltallertalleststrongstrongerstrongestoldolderoldestlargelargerlargestfinefinerfinestlatelaterlatestbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestthinthinnerthinnesteasyeasiereasiestbusybusierbusiesthappyhappierhappiestvaluablemorevaluablemostvaluabledangerousmoredangerousmostdangerouscomfortablemorecomfortablemostcomfortable 有几种形容词有特殊比较级和最高档形式: 原级比较级最高档GoodwellbetterbestBadillworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolderelderoldesteldest小贴士1:elder和eldest可用来表达兄弟和子女长幼顺序: myeldersister我姐姐 myeldestbrother我大哥 theireldestson她们长子小贴士2:further表达“较远”外,还可表达“进一步”;而farther仅表达距离: Thefartherplantsaretoocold.更远行星太冷。 Doyouneedanyfurtherhelp?你还需要更进一步协助吗? 2.双音节词除了以“辅音+y”结尾词外,尚有以ow,er,le结尾词,和个别其她双音节词,可以用加词尾办法构成比较级和最高档:原级比较级最高档narrownarrowernarrowestclevercleverercleverestsimplesimplersimplestcommoncommonercommonest 3.也有少数单音节词可以加more和most办法构成比较级和最高档:原级比较级最高档pleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedtiredmoretiredmosttiredgladmoregladmostglad名词复数形式构成办法读音例词在词尾加-s1.在清辅音后读作[s]2.在浊辅音后读作[z]1. desk—desks [s]2. map—maps [s]3. field–filelds[dz] dog—dogs [z] sea—seas [z]1. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾名词后加-es2. 如词尾是e,只加-s-(e)s读作[iz]1.classclasses[iz] box—boxes[iz] dish—dishes[iz] watch—watches[iz]2.horse—horses[iz]如词尾为–f或–fe,则普通变为–ves-ves读作[vz]1. leaf—leaves[vz]2. knife—knives[vz]以辅音+y结尾名词,变y为i再加-es-ies读作[iz] family—families[iz]以元音+y结尾名词,加-s-s读作[z] boy—boys[z]以辅音+o结尾名词,加-es-es读作[z] hero—heroes[z] potato—potatoes[z] tomato—tomatoes[z]以元音+o结尾名词,加-s-s读作[z] radio—radios[z] zoo—zoos[z]以-th结尾名词,加-s1.在长元音后,-ths读作[ z]2. 在短元音或辅音后,-ths读作[s]1. bath—baths[ z]2. month—months[ s]英语里有某些名词复数形式不是以词尾-s或-es构成,构成办法例词变内部元音foot[u]—feet[i:]man[ æ]—men[e]mouse[au]—mice[ai]woman[ ə]—women[e]词尾加-enox—oxen(公牛)child[ai]—children[i]形式不变(通形名词----单、复数同形)deer—deerfish—fish sheep—sheep集合名词(只有复数,没有单数。)trousers people(人,人民)glasses(眼镜)名词做定语1. 只在背面名词加复数2. man,woman随之背面名词而变化,后单其单,后复其复。3. sport作定语永远用作复数。1. appletree—appletrees2. mandoctor—mendoctors3. sportsshop sportsshoes表达国籍名词(中日不变,英法变,别的词后加s)Chinese—ChineseJapanese—JapaneseEnglishman—EnglishmenFrenchman—FrenchmenAmerican—Americans其他名词复数规则变化1)以y结尾专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:如:twoMarystheHenrysmonkey---monkeysholiday---holidays比较:层楼:storey---storeysstory---stories2)以o结尾名词,变复数时:a.加s,如:photo---photospiano---pianosradio---radioszoo---zoos;b.加es,如:potato--potatoestomato--tomatoesc.均可,如:zero---zeros/zeroes3)以f或fe结尾名词变复数时:a.加s,如:belief---beliefsroof---roofssafe---safesgulf---gulfs;b.去f,fe加ves,如:half---halvesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wiveslife---livesthief---thieves;c.均可,如:handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves名词复数不规则变化1)child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意:与man和woman构成合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。如:anEnglishman,twoEnglishmen.但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是theBowmans。2)单复同形如:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japaneseli,jin,yuan,twoli,threemu,fourjin但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等均有复数形式。如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers3)集体名词,以单数形式浮现,但实为复数。如peoplepolicecattle等自身就是复数,不能说apeople,apolice,acattle,但可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle,theEnglish,theBritish,theFrench,theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名词,表达国民总称时,作复数用。如:TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中华人民共和国人民是勤快勇敢。4)以s结尾,仍为单数名词,如:a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。b.news是不可数名词。c.theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来。d.以复数形式浮现
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关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf
名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。"TheArabianNights"isaveryinterestingstory-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣故事书。5)表达由两某些构成东西,如:glasses(眼镜)trousers,clothes若表达详细数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers6)此外尚有某些名词,其复数形式有时可表达特别意思如:goods货品,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼动词变名词1.在词尾加er,r,双写加er或or:A.play_player,sing_singer,wait_waiter,find_finder,thrill_thrillerB.write_writer,drive_driver,come_comer,explore_explorerdance_dancerC.run_runner,win_winner,rob_robber,traval_travallerD.visit_visitor,invent_inventor2.在词尾加ing:build_building,draw_drawing,end_ending,begin_beginning,swim_swimming,skate_skating,feel_feeling,say_saying,mean_meaning,cross_crossing,surf_surfing,paint_painting3.在词尾加ion或去e加ion:A.decide_decision,describe_description,produce_production,celebrate_celebration,pronounce_pronunciation,decorate_decorationgraduate_graduation,frustrate-frustration,pollute_pollutioncontribute_contribution,congratulate_congratulation,educate_education,organize_orgnization,donate_donation,appreciate_appreciation,operate_operation,invite_invitationB.discuss_discussion,invent_invention,attract_attractionimpress_impression,inject_injection,instruct_instruction4.其他:know_knowledge,please_pleasure,enjoy_enjoyment,practise_practice,die_death,succeed_success,weigh_weight,sit_deat,change_chance,enter_entrance,fly_flight,rob_robbery,discover_discovery,faile_failure,appear_appearance,breathe_breath