定语从句公开课

TheAttributiveClauseWhichoneisHarryPorter?TheboyisHarryPorterWhichoneisHarryPorter?Theboy_______________________isHarryPorter.whoiswearingglassesWhatistheattribute?(什么是定语）aredappleabeautifulgirl形容词作定语myfriendhispen形容词性物主代词作定语agirlinredamanwithglasses介词短语作定语appletreeshoeshop名词作定语什么是定语？定语就是用来修饰名词或者代词的成分Whatistheattributiveclause?(什么是定语从句）一、概念:　在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. (在句子中作定语)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句定语从句AttributiveClauseHarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why先行词是被定语从句所修饰的词,通常是名词或代词。关系词在定语从句中有三个作用：1.引导一个定语从句；2.在从句中代替先行词；3.在从句中担任某一句子成份。二、用法:Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.先行词是人关系代词:whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是物Thesearethestudentswho/thatwonthefirstplacelastyear.Haveatry指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语 定语 宾语*1.who,whom,whose用法区别.①who作定语从句的主语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语②whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语③whose作定语从句的定语Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.whose既可以指人，也可以指物关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格④which的用法which作定语从句的主语或宾语.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作宾语3.只能用that的情况①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③　everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.⑥当先行词同时指人和物时I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.关系代词的基本用法whowhomwhichwhose人主语人主语、宾语物人或物宾语定语 关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分*when,where,why引导定语从句的关系副词 关系副词 先行词 在从句中的成分 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 1.ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn. 2.IrememberthedaywhenIfirstmethim. 3.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouliedtome?关系副词When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof…)whichWhy=forwhich（三）关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代*when when可用in/on/at/during+which代替1.Istillremembertheday.2.Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.whenwhich*where where可用in/on/at/to+which代替 1.Thedictionaryistheonlyplace. 2.Successcomesbeforework inthedictionary. Thedictionaryistheonlyplaceinwhich successcomesbeforework.wherewhich.*ABC1.Americaisthecountry.2.Iwasborninthecountry.AmericaisthecountryinwhichIwasborn.which.whereBBCBeijingisthecityinwhichIwasborn.where=AmericanbornChinese=BeijingbornChinese*why why可用for+which代替1.Thisisthereason.2.Iwaslateforschoolforthisreason.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool.whywhich.如何选用定语从句的关系词 1.首先分清主句和定语从句 2.确定定语从句的先行词 3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语） 4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。Summary由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、TheboyhasaroundfaceisTom.A.whoB.whichC.when√√Exercises*3.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语√4.Moziwasaman___behaviourwasoftenunusual.A.whichB.hisC.whose5.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.whoseC.which由Whose引导的定语从句,在句中做定语√√6、Menciuswroteabook___manypeoplehaveread.A.whereB.whoC.which7、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when由Which引导的定语从句，在句中做主语/宾语√√8、Theschool___hismotherteachesisinthewestofthecity.A.whoseB.whoC.where9、Hecamefromanarea___peoplewereverypoor.A.whereB.whoC.when关系副词where，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语√√10、Thiswasaperiod___manypeoplebecameinterestedinConfucius'steachings.A.whoseB.whenC.which11、Istillremembertheday___IfirstcametoShenyang.A.whereB.whoC.when关系副词when，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语√√12、Tomcouldn’tgivetheteacherthereason___hewaslateforschool.A.whoseB.whyC.which关系副词why，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语√16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导21.Thatistheverybook___Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which22.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything___heowns.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that**