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初中英语反义疑问句的用法归纳

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初中英语反义疑问句的用法归纳初中英语反义疑问句的用法归纳 反义疑问句 It looks like rain, doesn’t it? He doesn’t need to work so late, does he? This is a dictionary, isn’t it? Those are shelves, aren’t they? There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasn’t there? I am very interested in learning English, ar...

初中英语反义疑问句的用法归纳
初中英语反义疑问句的用法归纳 反义疑问句 It looks like rain, doesn’t it? He doesn’t need to work so late, does he? This is a dictionary, isn’t it? Those are shelves, aren’t they? There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasn’t there? I am very interested in learning English, aren’t I? 4)陈述句的主语是动词不定式,动词的-ing形式或从句时,疑问部分的主语多用it来体现。如: Taking care of our environment is very important, isn’t it? What he said is right, isn’t it? 5)陈述句中含有not, no, hardly, neither, never, few, little, too „to等否定词或具有否定意义的词时,疑问部分常用肯定形式。如: Few people knew the news, did they? Tom has never been to England , has he? She is unhappy, isn’t she? No one knows him, do they? Someone is waiting for you, isn’t he? Nobody says a word about the accident, do they? Everything seems all right, doesn’t it? 7)陈述句是主从复合句时,如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, expect, feel, guess等词,且主语是第一人称I或we时,反意疑问部分的人称、时态与宾语从句保持一致,同时还要考虑到否定的转移(否定前移)。如: I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, can’t he? I don't think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she? 若是第二第三人称的话,反义疑问句应该看主句:She thought it is meaningless,didn't she? 如果是转述的要注意:He said that you were in hospital,weren't you?(这里是对着那个you说的) 8)祈使句的反义疑问句中:let's 的要用shall we;let us 的要用will you;其他形式的都用will you。如:Go and get it for me, won't you?去帮我取个东西,好吗? Let's meet at the airport, shall we ? 我们在机场碰头,行不行? Have a little more wine, will you ? 喝点儿酒,好吗? 9)must的反义疑问句:陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。 A.must表示“应该”,其疑问部分用mustn't(不应该),如: You must work hard next term, mustn't you ? 下学期你应该努力学习,对吗? B.must表示“必须”,其疑问部分用needn't(不必),如: They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作,是吗? C.陈述部分含情态动词mustn't,表示禁止时,疑问部分就可以用must或may,如: You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? (may we?)你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗? D.must表示推测 ,其疑问部分必须与must 后面的主要动词相呼应。如: ①对现在动作或存在的情况的推测 : You must know the answer to the exercise, don't you? 你一定知道这项练习的 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 ,是不是? That must be your bed, isn't it? 那一定是你的床,是吗? ②对过去发生的动作或存在的情况的推测:句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时疑问部分中的动词就用现在完成时。(haven’t / hasn’t + 主语) You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 10)have作为动词的反义疑问句: ①have to 的短语,且只充当一般动词的作用,助动词为do,does,和普通的一般疑问句没有任何差别,提问还是用do,does引导。 We have to finish it ,don't we? ②当用have,has做助动词的时候,疑问句才用它们引导,如: She has seen it,hasn't she?这里的助动词就是has ③当陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时,疑问句应用hadn’t等开头: You’d better get up early, hadn’t you? ④其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用don't等开头;如have表示“有”的时候,有两种形式:do或 have He has two sisters,doesn't he? =He has two sisters,hasn't he? He doesn't have any sisters, does he? ⑤当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”; 如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week,didn't she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗? You must have told her about it, haven't you?你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 11)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。 She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 12)感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。 What colours, aren't they? What a smell, isn't it? 13)陈述部分由neither„ nor, either„ or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 14)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。 I wish to have a word with you, may I? 15) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。 He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 16) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 17) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 18) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。 You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 对反意疑问句的回答,无论问 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。 例 ---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球,是吗? ---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。/ 不是。 ---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗? ---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。 反意疑问句的练习 1. You’d rather watch TV this evening, ______? a. isn’t it b. hadn’t you c. wouldn’t you d. won’t you 2. I suppose you’re not going today, ______? a. are you b. do you c. don’t you d. aren’t you 3. I wish to shake hands with you, ______? a. shall b. may I c. do I d. will I 4. Three hours ought to be enough time, ______? a. oughtn’t three hours b. didn’t they c. shouldn’t it d. shouldn’t three hours 5. They have to study a lot, ______? a. don’t they b. haven’t they c. did they d. hadn’t they 6. When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, ______ ? a. didn’t he b. did he c. did it d. didn’t it 7. I'm sure dirty, ______? a. am I b. isn’t I c. aren’t I d. am not I 8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I don’t think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, ______ you? a. do b. did c. don’t d. didn’t 9. That’s the sort of the book you want, ______? a. is it d. isn’t that c. is that d. isn’t it 10. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______? a. are they b. aren’t they c. are all these dictionaries d. aren’t all these dictionaries 反意疑问句的用法 反意疑问句(The Disjunctive Questions )是疑问句的一种,它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问,形式上是个省略句,附在陈述部分之后,并用逗号与陈述部分隔开(主语一般用相应的代词;有时这种问句并没有反意疑问句的意味,而是提出一个事实上听话人承认的问题。所以,人们统称为附加疑问句(Tag Questions )。 附加疑问句主要是由“陈述句 + 附加疑问”构成,附加疑问部分的动词一般要与陈述部分的动词相对应,附加疑问部分的主语要与陈述部分的主语相对应,如果陈述部分的主语是名词词组,则附加疑问部分用相应的代词表示。 二.附加疑问句的类型 附加疑问句的类型为:陈述句 + 反意附加疑问。该类型又可以分为以下两种情况阐述: ① 当陈述句为肯定式时,附加疑问句用否定形式,即肯定的陈述句+否定的附加疑问句。 例句: It's very hot today, isn't it ? Yes, it is . 今天天气很热,是不是? 是的,很热。 That clock is slow ,isn't it? Yes, it is. 这钟是缓慢的,不是吗?是的,它是。 You want to get your TV set back , don't you ? Yes , I do. 你想您的电视机回来,不是吗?是的,我是这样想的。 ② 当陈述句用否定式时,附加疑问句用肯定形式,即否定的陈述句+肯定的附加疑问句。 例句: It isn't very hot today, is it ? 今天不是很热,是吗? That clock isn't slow ,is it ? 这钟不是缓慢的, 是吗? 注意这一类型的附加疑问句的回答,不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就要用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no,这与汉语不一样,应特别注意。 例句: She isn't a teacher , is she? 她不是教师,是吗? Yes , she is. 不,她是。 No, she isn't .是的 , 她不是。 三.附加疑问句的构成 1.当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone ,someone, no one, nobody, somebody 等指人的合成词时,附加疑问部分的主语在正式语体中通常用he,在非正式文体中则往往用they。 例句 Nobody likes to lose money , does he? 没有人愿意赔钱,那么他呢? Everyone enjoyed the party, didn't they /he ? 每个人都很喜欢这个舞会,他们不是吗? 2.当陈述部分的主语是everything ,anything, something, nothing 等指物的合成词时,附加疑问部分的主语只能用 it。 例句 Nothing is difficult , is it ? 没什么难的事情,不是吗? Everything seems all right , doesn't it ? 所有的事情都好了,不是吗? 3.当陈述部分是there 引起的句时,附加疑问部分的主语也用there。 例句 There is a boat on the river, isn't there? 河上有一只船, 不是吗? There stands a house and a lot of trees , doesn't there? 那有一座房子还有一些树,不是吗? 4.当陈述部分含有seldom , hardly, scarely, no, not,never, rarely,few, little, nothing, nobody , nowhere 等否定词或半否定词,附加疑问部分采用肯定形式。 例句 Nobody phoned while I was out ,did they ? 当我在外面的时候没有人来电话,是吗? Few people know him ,do they ? 几乎没有人认识他,是吗? He has never been to Beijing ,has he? 他从来没有去过北京,是吗? 5.当陈述部分含有un- ,in- ,im-, il-, ir-, dis-等否定前缀或less等否定后缀构成的派生词时,附加疑问则用否定形式。 例句 It's unfair, isn't it ? 那不公平,不是吗? She dislikes it , doesn't she? 她不喜欢它,不是吗? 6.当陈述部分含有no one , nobody , none ,nothing ,neither等作动词的宾语时,附加疑问部分采用肯定形式。 例句 He has nothing to say ,does(n't) he? 他没什么可说的,是吗? You got nothing from him, did(n't) you? 你从他那什么都没得到,是吗? 四.18种特殊的反意疑问句语法总结 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 祈使句:祈使句后一般加上will you 或won't you 构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表示“请求”,用won't you多表示提醒对方注意。 感叹句:感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be 的一般现在时态的否定形式。 当陈述部分谓语动词是need , dare, used to 且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问句需用do 的适当形式。 陈述部分主、谓语是I am „ 时,反意疑问句用aren’t I 或ain’t I, 而不是am not I (可用am I not )。 陈述部分的主语是everything ,nothing,anything 或something时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it 。 陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone ,nobody, no one, none, neither时,其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they 。 陈述部分的主语是指示代词this 或that 时,反意疑问句的主语用it , 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these 或 those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they 。 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 陈述部分的主语是不定代词one 时,反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可以用you (美式英语用he )。 当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom, hardly, never, not , no, no one , nobody ,nothing ,none, nether等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。 当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然有否定结构。 含有否定含意的词在陈述部分做动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可用否定结构。 当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing 形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it。 当陈述部分含I think (believe ,suppose„)that„结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。 have(has) 不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。 陈述部分有have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。 陈述部分是there be 句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there . 陈述部分有had better 时,其反意疑问句要用hadn’t. 当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,我们最好分析一下must的含义。如果must作“一定;要;必须”讲,反意疑 问句须用mustn’t或needn’t;而当must作推测意义“一定是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选相应的形式。
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