初中英语单词分类记忆大全
初中英语单词分类记忆
一、分类记忆法(名词)
(1)星期(week):Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday、Saturday、Sunday
(2)月份(month): January、February、March、April、May、June、July、August、September、October、November、December
(3)季节(season):spring/summer/autumn/winter(春/夏/秋/冬)
(4)时间:second(秒)minute(分)hour(小时)day(天)night(夜)week(星期)month(月份)year(年)century(世纪)
(5)国家:(country)China(中国)Japan(日本)England(英国)India(印度)Canada(加拿大)America / the United States(美国)Australia(澳大利亚)Germany(德国)Russia(俄罗斯)France(法国)
(6)大洲:Asia(亚洲)Africa(非)America(美)Europe(欧洲)
(7)方位(direction):east/west/south/north(东西南北) left/right(左右)
(8)交通工具:bike / bicycle(自行车)bus(公共汽车)car(小汽车)jeep(吉普车)train(火车)ship(轮船)plane(飞机)
(9)饮食(meal):breakfast(早餐)lunch(午餐)supper(晚餐)dinner(正餐、晚餐)snack(快餐)picnic(野餐)
(10)米面及肉类食品:rice(米饭)porridge(粥)dumpling(饺子)noodle(面条)meat(肉)beef(牛肉)mutton(羊肉)chicken(鸡肉)egg(鸡蛋)
(11)水果(fruit):apple(苹果)banana(香蕉)pear(梨子)orange(橙子)strawberry(草莓)watermelon(西瓜)
(12)蔬菜(vegetable):tomato(西红柿)potato(马铃薯)carrot(胡萝卜)cabbage(洋白菜、卷心菜)onion(洋葱)
(13)零食(snack):chocolate(巧克力)hamburger(汉堡包)cake(蛋糕)bread(面包)mooncake(月饼) icecream(冰淇淋)cheese(奶酪)salad(沙拉)dessert(甜食)candy(糖果)biscuit(饼干)(14)饮料(drink):juice(果汁)milk(牛奶)tea(茶)green tea
(绿茶)coffee(咖啡)water(水)
(15)调料(relish):butter(黄油)sugar(糖)salt(盐)oil(油)
(16)学习用品:pen(钢笔)pencil(铅笔)eraser(橡皮擦)ruler(直尺)knife(小刀)dictionary(字/词典)schoolbag(
书
关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf
包)pencilcase(文具盒)notebook(笔记本)textbook(课本)
(17)颜色(color):red 红(的)yellow黄blue蓝green绿black黑white白orange橙黄brown棕/褐/pink粉红/purple紫/gray/grey灰/
(18)衣着:clothes(衣服)hat(帽子)shirt(衬衫)T-shirt(男衬衫)coat(外套/上衣)raincoat(雨衣)skirt(裙子)dress(裙子/衣服)trousers(裤子)jeans(牛仔裤)shorts(短裤)sock(袜子)shoe(鞋子)uniform(制服)
(19)科目(subject):Chinese(语)math(数)English(英)history(史)geography(地)biology(生)physics(物理)chemistry(化学)P.E.(体育)music(音乐)art(美术)
(20)身体部位(body):head(头)hair(头发)face(脸)eye(眼睛)nose(鼻子)mouth(嘴巴)tooth(牙齿)ear(耳朵)neck(脖子)arm(手臂)hand(手)finger(手指)heart(心)back(背部)knee(膝盖)leg(腿)foot(脚)
(21)亲属:father(父)mother(母)parents(父母)grandfather / grandpa(爷爷/外公)grandmother / grandma(奶奶/外婆)grandparents(爷奶/外公外婆)brother(兄弟)sister(姐妹)cousin堂(
表
关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf
)兄弟/堂(表)姐妹husband(丈夫)wife(妻子)son(儿子)daughter(女儿)uncle(叔/伯/舅/姨夫/姑父)aunt(姨/姑/婶/ 伯母/舅母)
(22)动物(animal):lion(狮子)tiger(老虎)elephant(大象)camel(骆驼)cow(奶牛)pig(猪)fox(狐狸)snake(蛇)duck(鸭子)chicken(鸡)hen(母鸡)bird(小鸟)rabbit(兔子)panda(熊猫)deer(鹿)giraffe(长颈鹿)sheep(羊)fish(鱼)ant(蚂蚁)mouse (mice) / rat(老鼠)dog(狗)cat(猫)monkey(猴子)
(23)职业:teacher(老师)doctor(医生)nurse(护士)policeman∕woman(男∕女警察)reporter(记者)waiter(服务员)scientist(科学家)farmer(农民)fisherman(渔夫)cook(厨师)driver(司机) student/pupil(学生)
(24)公共场所:shop / store(商店)bank(银行)hospital(医院)police station(警察
局)TV station(电视站)stop(车站)cinema(电影院)theater(戏剧院)hotel(旅馆)restaurant(餐馆)factory(工厂)company(公司)market(市场)supermarket(超市)museum(博物馆)post office(邮局)school(学校)airport∕field(飞机场)
(25)学校:primary school(小学)middle school(中学)junior high school(初中)senior high school(高中)university∕college(大学)
(26)房间:living-room(起居室/客厅)bedroom(卧室)bathroom(洗澡房)kitchen(厨房)restroom/washroom(卫生间)
(27)宇宙:sun(日)moon(月)star(星星)planet(行星)earth(地球)sky(天空)air(空气)rain(雨)cloud(云)wind(风)snow(雪)fog(雾)
(28)天气(weather):sunny(晴朗的)rainy(多雨的)cloudy(多云的、阴天的)windy(有风的)snowy(多雪的)foggy(多雾的)
(29)运动:basketball(篮球)football∕soccer(足球)volleyball(排球)baseball(网球)tennis(羽毛球)table tennis / ping-pong(乒乓球)
(30)乐器:drum(鼓)piano(钢琴)violin(小提琴)guitar(吉他)
二、构词记忆法
1、合成法:由两个或者两个以上的词合成新词,这种构词法叫做合成法。
例如:worldwide(全世界的)=world(世界)+ wide(广泛的),
classroom(教室)down∕upstairs(在楼下/楼上)friendship(友谊) everywhere(各地/到处)homework(家庭作业)housework(家务) southeast(东南部)underground(地下的) homeland(故乡/祖国)hometown(家乡)countryside(乡村)playground(操场)toothbrush(牙刷) oversleep(睡过头) earthquake(地震)
2、词缀记忆法:
(1)前缀
1)un-(不/非,表否定):able(能够…的)→unable(不能的)、(不舒服的)unusual(不同寻常的)unhealthy(不健康的)unhappy(不快乐的)unfriendly(不友好的)
2)dis-(不/非,表否定):advantage(优点)→disadvantage(缺点)cover(覆盖)→discover(发现)disagree(不同意)dislike(不喜欢)
3)im-(不/非,表否定):(不礼貌的)(不可能)
4)re-(又/再/重新):review(复习)return(归还)rewrite(重写)recycle(再循环;回收利用)
5)inter-(相互/在一起):interview(面试)、international(国际的)、Internet(因特网)
6)en-(使)(鼓励)、(危及;使遭受危险)
(2)后缀
1)-or / -er(从事某职业的人):actor(演员)visitor(参观者)collector(搜集者)director(主任/主管)singer(歌手)teacher(老师)reader(读者)writer(作家)foreigner(外国人)learner(学习者)villager(村民)winner(胜利者)foreigner(外国人)owner(所有者/物主)
特例:post(邮寄)→poster(海报)draw(画画)—drawer(抽屉)cook(煮)—cook(厨师)—cooker(厨具)
2)-ist(人):science(科学)→scientist(科学家)、artist(艺术家)、tourist(旅行者)、terrorist(恐怖分子)pianist(钢琴家)violinist(小提琴家)
3)-tion(表示动作/状态,名词后缀):invite(v.邀请)→invitation pronounce(发音)→ pronunciation prediction(预言)competition(竞争)、invention(发明)instruction(指示/用法说明)attention(注意、专心)pollution(污染)organization(组织)
4)-ment(表示动作/状态,名词后缀):develop(v.发展)→development(n.发展)improvement(改善)argument(争论)statement(陈述;声明)requirement(要求)government(政府)
5)-ture / -ure(名词后缀): picture(图画)temperature(温度)future(将来)structure(结构;构造)pressure(压力)pleasure(愉快)
6)-th(名词后缀):true(真实的)→truth(真相)breath(n.呼吸)birth(n.出生)
7)-ful(充满,形容词后缀):(成功的)、(精彩的)(颜色
名词后缀:building(建筑物)training(训练)meaning(意思)ending(结局;结尾)
3、转化法:个单词由一种词类转化为另一种词类,这种构词法教转化法。单词转化后的
意义往往与之前的意义密切联系。
show(n.展览、展示)→show(v.表演、展出)water(n.水)→water(v.浇水)slow(adj.慢的)→slow(v.放慢)walk(v.散步、走)→take a walk(n.散步)rest(v.休息)→take a rest(n.休息)look(v.看)→have a look(n.看一下)store(n.商店)→store(v.储存)
graduate(v.毕业生)→graduate(v.毕业)taste(n.味道)→taste(味道;鉴赏力)sound
(n.声音)→sound(v.听起来)light(n.光线)→light(v.点燃)study(v.学习;研究)→study(n.学习;研究)smell(n.嗅觉;气味)→smell(v.闻)empty(adj.空的)→empty(v.排空)fool(n.愚人)→fool(愚弄)kid(n.小孩)→kid(v.开玩笑)land(n.陆地)→land(v.着陆)smile(n.微笑)→smile(v.微笑)waste(n.浪费;废弃物)→waste(v.浪费)lock(n.锁)→lock(v.锁住)book(n.书)→book(v.预定),
三、同义近义词记忆法
answer—reply(回答)reach—get to—arrive at/in(到达)begin—start(开始)fast—quick
(快速的)question—problem(问题)healthy—fit(健康的)voice—sound(声音)tour—trip
(旅行)bicycle—bike(自行车)often—usually(常)ill—sick(生病的)trash—litter—rubbish—garbage(垃圾)very—quite(非常)shop—store(商店)clever—smart
(聪明的)holiday—vacation(假期)cute—lovely(可爱的)area—district(地区)film—movie(电影)look after—take care of—care for(照顾)right—correct(正确) impolite—rude(不礼貌的;粗鲁的)purse—wallet(钱包)fix up—repair—mend(修理)theme—topic(主
题)perhaps—probably(或许;大概)chance—opportunity(机会)company—firm(公司)
四、反义词记忆法
man—woman boy—girl waiter—waitress police—thief before—after birth—death
ask—answer borrow—return buy—sell big—small easy—difficult dry—wet early—late cold—hot cool—warm careful—careless hungry—full cheap—expensive young—old new—old
safe—dangerous strong—weak busy—free lose—find laugh—cry
possible—impossible long—short tall—short fat—thin high—low right—wrong up—down like—dislike love—hate save—waste accept—refuse light—heavy rich—poor first—last take—bring interesting—boring awake—asleep healthy—ill ancient—modern quick—slow push—pull beautiful—ugly quiet—noisy clean—dirty succeed—fail same—different full—empty adult—child huge—tiny native—foreign wait in line—cut in line out of style—in style hard-working—lazy
附录:一、不规则形容词副词比较级与最高级
good/well---better---best bad/badly/ill---worse---worst many/much---more---most little---less---least far---farther/further---farthest/furthest old---older/elder---oldest/eldest
二、不规则名词复数形式
(1)单复数同形的名词
Chinese—Chinese,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,fish—fish
(2)单复数不同形的名词
child—children,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,man—men,woman—women, mouse—mice
附:以f(e)结尾的单词,一般变f为v,再加es或s 。如:
wife—wives, knife—knives, wolf—wolves, thief—thieves, shelf—shelves, oneself—oneselves, life—lives, half—halves, leaf—leaves等
特例:roof(屋顶)其复数形式为roofs。
三、不规则动词表
1、过去式与过去分词与动词原形相同的动词(三同)
Beat—beat—beat/beaten cost—cost—cost hurt—hurt—hurt hit—hit—hit let—let—let cut—cut—cut put—put—put read—read—read
2、原单词中字母i改为a即可变为其过去式,字母i改为u即可变为其过去分词的动词
(三不同)begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk ring—rang—rung
sing—sang—sung swim—swam—swum
3、原单词aw/ow改为ew即可变为其过去式,单词后面加上字母n即可变为其过去分词
的动词(三不同)draw—drew—drawn grow—grew—grown know—knew—known
4、原单词中字母i改为a即可变为其过去式和过去分词的动词
babysit—babysat—babysat sit—sat—sat
5、原单词eep改为ept即可变为其过去式和其过去分词的动词
keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep—swept—swept
6、原单词end改为ent即可变为其过去式和其过去分词的动词
lend—lent—lent spend—spent—spent send—sent—sent
7、过去式和过去分词以aught/ought结尾的动词
bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought catch—caught—caught
fight—fought—fought think—thought—thought teach—taught—taught
8、其他过去式与过去分词同样的动词
build—built—built feed—fed—fed feel—felt—felt find—found—found
hang—hung/hanged—hung/hanged have/has—had—had hear—heard—heard hold—held—held lay—laid—laid learn—learned/learnt—learned/learnt leave—left—
left lose—lost—lost make—made—made mean—meant—meat meet—met—met pay—paid—paid say—said—said show—showed—showed/shown spell—spelled/spelt—spelled/spelt stand—stood—stood sell—sold—sold tell—told—told win—won—won
9、其它特殊记
am/is—was—been
do/does—did—done are—were—been bear—bore—born eat—ate—eaten break—broke—broken fall—fell—fallen drive—drove—driven
fly—flew—flown forget—forgot—forgotten/forgot freeze—froze—frozen
get—got—gotten/got
may—might— / give—gave—given ride—rode—ridden go—went—gone run—ran—run lie—lay—lain see—saw—seen
shall—should— / speak—spoke—spoken take—took—taken
wear—wore—worn write—wrote—written
初中英语单词分类记忆
一、分类记忆法(名词)
(1)星期(week):Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday、Saturday、Sunday
(2)月份(month): January、February、March、April、May、June、July、August、September、October、November、December
(3)季节(season):spring/summer/autumn/winter(春/夏/秋/冬)
(4)时间:second(秒)minute(分)hour(小时)day(天)night(夜)week(星期)month(月份)year(年)century(世纪)
(5)国家:(country)China(中国)Japan(日本)England(英国)India(印度)Canada(加拿大)America / the United States(美国)Australia(澳大利亚)Germany(德国)Russia(俄罗斯)France(法国)
(6)大洲:Asia(亚洲)Africa(非)America(美)Europe(欧洲)
(7)方位(direction):east/west/south/north(东西南北) left/right(左右)
(8)交通工具:bike / bicycle(自行车)bus(公共汽车)car(小汽车)jeep(吉普车)train(火车)ship(轮船)plane(飞机)
(9)饮食(meal):breakfast(早餐)lunch(午餐)supper(晚餐)dinner(正餐、晚餐)snack(快餐)picnic(野餐)
(10)米面及肉类食品:rice(米饭)porridge(粥)dumpling(饺子)noodle(面条)meat(肉)beef(牛肉)mutton(羊肉)chicken(鸡肉)egg(鸡蛋)
(11)水果(fruit):apple(苹果)banana(香蕉)pear(梨子)orange(橙子)strawberry(草莓)watermelon(西瓜)
(12)蔬菜(vegetable):tomato(西红柿)potato(马铃薯)carrot(胡萝卜)cabbage(洋白菜、卷心菜)onion(洋葱)
(13)零食(snack):chocolate(巧克力)hamburger(汉堡包)cake(蛋糕)bread(面包)mooncake(月饼) icecream(冰淇淋)cheese(奶酪)salad(沙拉)dessert(甜食)candy(糖果)biscuit(饼干)(14)饮料(drink):juice(果汁)milk(牛奶)tea(茶)green tea
(绿茶)coffee(咖啡)water(水)
(15)调料(relish):butter(黄油)sugar(糖)salt(盐)oil(油)
(16)学习用品:pen(钢笔)pencil(铅笔)eraser(橡皮擦)ruler(直尺)knife(小刀)dictionary(字/词典)schoolbag(书包)pencilcase(文具盒)notebook(笔记本)textbook(课本)
(17)颜色(color):red 红(的)yellow黄blue蓝green绿black黑white白orange橙黄brown棕/褐/pink粉红/purple紫/gray/grey灰/
(18)衣着:clothes(衣服)hat(帽子)shirt(衬衫)T-shirt(男衬衫)coat(外套/上衣)raincoat(雨衣)skirt(裙子)dress(裙子/衣服)trousers(裤子)jeans(牛仔裤)shorts(短裤)sock(袜子)shoe(鞋子)uniform(制服)
(19)科目(subject):Chinese(语)math(数)English(英)history(史)geography(地)biology(生)physics(物理)chemistry(化学)P.E.(体育)music(音乐)art(美术)
(20)身体部位(body):head(头)hair(头发)face(脸)eye(眼睛)nose(鼻子)mouth(嘴巴)tooth(牙齿)ear(耳朵)neck(脖子)arm(手臂)hand(手)finger(手指)heart(心)back(背部)knee(膝盖)leg(腿)foot(脚)
(21)亲属:father(父)mother(母)parents(父母)grandfather / grandpa(爷爷/外公)grandmother / grandma(奶奶/外婆)grandparents(爷奶/外公外婆)brother(兄弟)sister(姐妹)cousin堂(表)兄弟/堂(表)姐妹husband(丈夫)wife(妻子)son(儿子)daughter(女儿)uncle(叔/伯/舅/姨夫/姑父)aunt(姨/姑/婶/ 伯母/舅母)
(22)动物(animal):lion(狮子)tiger(老虎)elephant(大象)camel(骆驼)cow(奶牛)pig(猪)fox(狐狸)snake(蛇)duck(鸭子)chicken(鸡)hen(母鸡)bird(小鸟)rabbit(兔子)panda(熊猫)deer(鹿)giraffe(长颈鹿)sheep(羊)fish(鱼)ant(蚂蚁)mouse (mice) / rat(老鼠)dog(狗)cat(猫)monkey(猴子)
(23)职业:teacher(老师)doctor(医生)nurse(护士)policeman∕woman(男∕女警察)reporter(记者)waiter(服务员)scientist(科学家)farmer(农民)fisherman(渔夫)cook(厨师)driver(司机) student/pupil(学生)
(24)公共场所:shop / store(商店)bank(银行)hospital(医院)police station(警察
局)TV station(电视站)stop(车站)cinema(电影院)theater(戏剧院)hotel(旅馆)restaurant(餐馆)factory(工厂)company(公司)market(市场)supermarket(超市)museum(博物馆)post office(邮局)school(学校)airport∕field(飞机场)
(25)学校:primary school(小学)middle school(中学)junior high school(初中)senior high school(高中)university∕college(大学)
(26)房间:living-room(起居室/客厅)bedroom(卧室)bathroom(洗澡房)kitchen(厨房)restroom/washroom(卫生间)
(27)宇宙:sun(日)moon(月)star(星星)planet(行星)earth(地球)sky(天空)air(空气)rain(雨)cloud(云)wind(风)snow(雪)fog(雾)
(28)天气(weather):sunny(晴朗的)rainy(多雨的)cloudy(多云的、阴天的)windy(有风的)snowy(多雪的)foggy(多雾的)
(29)运动:basketball(篮球)football∕soccer(足球)volleyball(排球)baseball(网球)tennis(羽毛球)table tennis / ping-pong(乒乓球)
(30)乐器:drum(鼓)piano(钢琴)violin(小提琴)guitar(吉他)
二、构词记忆法
1、合成法:由两个或者两个以上的词合成新词,这种构词法叫做合成法。
例如:worldwide(全世界的)=world(世界)+ wide(广泛的),
classroom(教室)down∕upstairs(在楼下/楼上)friendship(友谊) everywhere(各地/到处)homework(家庭作业)housework(家务) southeast(东南部)underground(地下的) homeland(故乡/祖国)hometown(家乡)countryside(乡村)playground(操场)toothbrush(牙刷) oversleep(睡过头) earthquake(地震)
2、词缀记忆法:
(1)前缀
1)un-(不/非,表否定):able(能够…的)→unable(不能的)、(不舒服的)unusual(不同寻常的)unhealthy(不健康的)unhappy(不快乐的)unfriendly(不友好的)
2)dis-(不/非,表否定):advantage(优点)→disadvantage(缺点)cover(覆盖)→discover(发现)disagree(不同意)dislike(不喜欢)
3)im-(不/非,表否定):(不礼貌的)(不可能)
4)re-(又/再/重新):review(复习)return(归还)rewrite(重写)recycle(再循环;回收利用)
5)inter-(相互/在一起):interview(面试)、international(国际的)、Internet(因特网)
6)en-(使)(鼓励)、(危及;使遭受危险)
(2)后缀
1)-or / -er(从事某职业的人):actor(演员)visitor(参观者)collector(搜集者)director(主任/主管)singer(歌手)teacher(老师)reader(读者)writer(作家)foreigner(外国人)learner(学习者)villager(村民)winner(胜利者)foreigner(外国人)owner(所有者/物主)
特例:post(邮寄)→poster(海报)draw(画画)—drawer(抽屉)cook(煮)—cook(厨师)—cooker(厨具)
2)-ist(人):science(科学)→scientist(科学家)、artist(艺术家)、tourist(旅行者)、terrorist(恐怖分子)pianist(钢琴家)violinist(小提琴家)
3)-tion(表示动作/状态,名词后缀):invite(v.邀请)→invitation pronounce(发音)→ pronunciation prediction(预言)competition(竞争)、invention(发明)instruction(指示/用法说明)attention(注意、专心)pollution(污染)organization(组织)
4)-ment(表示动作/状态,名词后缀):develop(v.发展)→development(n.发展)improvement(改善)argument(争论)statement(陈述;声明)requirement(要求)government(政府)
5)-ture / -ure(名词后缀): picture(图画)temperature(温度)future(将来)structure(结构;构造)pressure(压力)pleasure(愉快)
6)-th(名词后缀):true(真实的)→truth(真相)breath(n.呼吸)birth(n.出生)
7)-ful(充满,形容词后缀):(成功的)、(精彩的)(颜色